{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224588317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199","title":"Which uncertainties matter? Global sensitivity analysis of model-based and data-driven leakage detection methods via sparse-grid stochastic collocation","display_name":"Which uncertainties matter? Global sensitivity analysis of model-based and data-driven leakage detection methods via sparse-grid stochastic collocation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224588317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135426018713/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52566953","display_name":"Water Research","issn_l":"0043-1354","issn":["0043-1354","1879-2448"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7224588317"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135426018713/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041753531","display_name":"Ella Steins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1615-494X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1615-494X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089692","display_name":"Einstein Center Digital Future","ror":"https://ror.org/0086bb350","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39343248","https://openalex.org/I4210089692","https://openalex.org/I46043019","https://openalex.org/I75951250","https://openalex.org/I7877124"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ella Steins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Digital Water Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany","Einstein Center Digital Future, Berlin 10117, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1615-494X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Digital Water Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Einstein Center Digital Future, Berlin 10117, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094361326","display_name":"Johannes Koslowski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1092-8059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1092-8059"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149177","display_name":"Berlin Centre of Competence for Water","ror":"https://ror.org/056g65q42","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149177"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Koslowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kompetenzzentrum Wasser Berlin, Berlin 10825, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1092-8059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kompetenzzentrum Wasser Berlin, Berlin 10825, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040689425","display_name":"Andrea Cominola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4031-4704","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4031-4704"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089692","display_name":"Einstein Center Digital Future","ror":"https://ror.org/0086bb350","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39343248","https://openalex.org/I4210089692","https://openalex.org/I46043019","https://openalex.org/I75951250","https://openalex.org/I7877124"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Cominola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Digital Water Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany","Einstein Center Digital Future, Berlin 10117, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4031-4704","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Digital Water Systems, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin 10623, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Einstein Center Digital Future, Berlin 10117, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041753531"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089692","https://openalex.org/I4577782"],"apc_list":{"value":4660,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4660},"apc_paid":{"value":4660,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4660},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"127199","last_page":"127199"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12086","display_name":"Structural Integrity and Reliability Analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10969","display_name":"Water resources management and optimization","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leak-detection","display_name":"leak detection","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-distribution-networks","display_name":"water distribution systems","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-sensitivity-analysis","display_name":"global sensitivity analysis","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressure-sensors","display_name":"pressure sensors","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-accuracy","display_name":"sensor accuracy","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-loss","display_name":"water loss","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-quantification","display_name":"uncertainty quantification","score":0.628000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6858999729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.6377000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80023036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5147531","display_name":"Collocation (remote sensing)","level":2,"score":0.43290001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4250999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987355568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420957","display_name":"Leak detection","level":3,"score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3991999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.38530001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32230216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7882499","display_name":"Uncertainty quantification","level":2,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.33230000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177803969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29205","display_name":"Uncertainty analysis","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25839999318122864}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135426018713/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52566953","display_name":"Water Research","issn_l":"0043-1354","issn":["0043-1354","1879-2448"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.127199","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135426018713/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52566953","display_name":"Water Research","issn_l":"0043-1354","issn":["0043-1354","1879-2448"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.965499997138977,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000811463","display_name":"Digital GreenTech 2 - Verbundprojekt iOLE: Intelligente Online-Leckage-Erkennung, Teilprojekt 1","funder_award_id":"02WDG1689A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224588317.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224588317.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W622790398","https://openalex.org/W993568417","https://openalex.org/W1528791272","https://openalex.org/W1593505867","https://openalex.org/W1646309082","https://openalex.org/W1811699023","https://openalex.org/W1833739312","https://openalex.org/W1974712491","https://openalex.org/W1982421072","https://openalex.org/W1995299836","https://openalex.org/W2018159038","https://openalex.org/W2020571774","https://openalex.org/W2045618045","https://openalex.org/W2048523204","https://openalex.org/W2048783496","https://openalex.org/W2049774453","https://openalex.org/W2051903196","https://openalex.org/W2057990808","https://openalex.org/W2067377643","https://openalex.org/W2071283683","https://openalex.org/W2088765131","https://openalex.org/W2096999770","https://openalex.org/W2098611185","https://openalex.org/W2105299426","https://openalex.org/W2105963649","https://openalex.org/W2112081648","https://openalex.org/W2121119125","https://openalex.org/W2151582349","https://openalex.org/W2151868609","https://openalex.org/W2242375320","https://openalex.org/W2287992427","https://openalex.org/W2512258641","https://openalex.org/W2528142880","https://openalex.org/W2782117736","https://openalex.org/W2859982247","https://openalex.org/W2906501587","https://openalex.org/W2966722893","https://openalex.org/W2998059950","https://openalex.org/W3131351795","https://openalex.org/W3134038900","https://openalex.org/W3135923127","https://openalex.org/W3151437274","https://openalex.org/W4200092777","https://openalex.org/W4224083560","https://openalex.org/W4241793634","https://openalex.org/W4288032558","https://openalex.org/W4289687324","https://openalex.org/W4293252072","https://openalex.org/W4327973717","https://openalex.org/W4362604403","https://openalex.org/W4381619605","https://openalex.org/W4384199817","https://openalex.org/W4389312380","https://openalex.org/W4402615291","https://openalex.org/W4408439501","https://openalex.org/W4413240010","https://openalex.org/W7160427806"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3176778141","https://openalex.org/W4405317133","https://openalex.org/W7061958012","https://openalex.org/W1985779632","https://openalex.org/W2094255508","https://openalex.org/W2759576238","https://openalex.org/W2924212834","https://openalex.org/W6991004525","https://openalex.org/W2987193862","https://openalex.org/W2989836226"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Leakages":[0],"in":[1,32,53,81,175],"water":[2,6,10,17],"distribution":[3],"networks":[4],"cause":[5],"loss":[7],"globally,":[8],"jeopardize":[9],"quality,":[11],"and":[12,49,77,92,124,134,146,162],"increase":[13],"energy":[14],"consumption":[15],"for":[16,140],"supply.":[18],"While":[19],"numerous":[20],"software-based":[21],"detection":[22,28,68,74,138,148],"methods":[23,173],"to":[24,43,117],"enable":[25],"prompt":[26],"leakage":[27,73,160],"have":[29],"been":[30],"proposed":[31],"the":[33,45,67,82,98,107,127,147,155,168],"literature,":[34],"most":[35],"are":[36,150],"developed":[37],"using":[38],"synthetic":[39],"data":[40],"that":[41,181],"fails":[42],"represent":[44],"range":[46],"of":[47,66,70,84,109,114,126],"errors":[48],"operating":[50],"conditions":[51],"encountered":[52],"practice.":[54],"To":[55,96],"address":[56],"this":[57,130],"gap,":[58],"we":[59,101],"conduct":[60],"a":[61,93],"variance-based":[62],"global":[63],"sensitivity":[64],"analysis":[65,99],"performance":[69,139],"two":[71,172],"state-of-the-art":[72],"methods,":[75,142],"data-driven":[76],"model-based,":[78],"under":[79],"uncertainties":[80],"number":[83,108,133],"pressure":[85],"sensors,":[86],"sensor":[87,132],"accuracy,":[88],"hydraulic":[89,144],"model":[90,110],"parameters,":[91],"method":[94,163],"hyperparameter.":[95],"keep":[97],"tractable,":[100],"use":[102],"sparse-grid":[103],"stochastic":[104],"collocation,":[105],"reducing":[106],"evaluations":[111],"by":[112,159],"orders":[113],"magnitude":[115],"relative":[116],"Monte":[118],"Carlo.":[119],"We":[120],"assess":[121],"convergence,":[122],"robustness,":[123],"credibility":[125],"estimates.":[128],"In":[129],"study,":[131],"measurement":[135],"accuracy":[136],"dominate":[137],"both":[141],"whereas":[143],"parameters":[145],"threshold":[149],"secondary;":[151],"finer":[152],"rankings":[153],"among":[154],"remaining":[156],"inputs":[157],"differ":[158],"type":[161],"but":[164],"often":[165],"fall":[166],"within":[167],"estimated":[169],"uncertainty.":[170],"The":[171],"fail":[174],"different":[176],"regimes,":[177],"motivating":[178],"hybrid":[179],"strategies":[180],"combine":[182],"their":[183],"strengths":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}
