{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224557116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735261501458","title":"Improving Patient Comfort During Intravitreal Injections: Anesthesia Strategies in Retina Practice","display_name":"Improving Patient Comfort During Intravitreal Injections: Anesthesia Strategies in Retina Practice","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224557116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735261501458"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/23743735261501458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735261501458","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735261501458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210218228","display_name":"Journal of Patient Experience","issn_l":"2374-3735","issn":["2374-3735","2374-3743"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Patient Experience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735261501458","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047354211","display_name":"Eric W. Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4588-4834","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4588-4834"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eric W. Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4588-4834","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133573567","display_name":"Timothy Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800363604","display_name":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/025cem651","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2800250139","https://openalex.org/I2800363604","https://openalex.org/I2800386880"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Walter Reed National Military Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Walter Reed National Military Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800363604"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000600941","display_name":"Dhruv P. Patel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhruv P. Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019364056","display_name":"Sidney A. Schechet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8996-3855","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8996-3855"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088682","display_name":"Elman Retina Group","ror":"https://ror.org/005bx3y85","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sidney A. Schechet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Elman Retina Group"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Elman Retina Group","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088682"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030673049","display_name":"Seenu M. Hariprasad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0985-9551","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0985-9551"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seenu M. Hariprasad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chicago"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047354211"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"apc_list":{"value":1380,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1380},"apc_paid":{"value":1380,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1380},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88838054,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.4860999882221222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.4860999882221222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.26980000734329224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14384","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Health Research","score":0.030899999663233757,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intravitreal-injection","display_name":"intravitreal injection","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmic-anesthesia","display_name":"ophthalmic anesthesia","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-comfort","display_name":"patient comfort","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-experience","display_name":"patient experience","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"anxiety","score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-adherence","display_name":"medication adherence","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subconjunctival-injection","display_name":"subconjunctival injection","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-blocks","display_name":"regional blocks","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-disease","display_name":"retinal disease","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-centered-care","display_name":"patient-centered care","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-communication","display_name":"patient communication","score":0.3109999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8072999715805054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778162923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4990531","display_name":"Anesthetic","level":2,"score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.5098000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.4837999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342","display_name":"Retina","level":2,"score":0.42419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.40049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779974597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28448986","display_name":"Clinical Practice","level":2,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.36640000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989236134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Patient care","level":2,"score":0.3230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017725471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455662","display_name":"Regional anesthesia","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140608501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7318358","display_name":"Review article","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/23743735261501458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735261501458","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735261501458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210218228","display_name":"Journal of Patient Experience","issn_l":"2374-3735","issn":["2374-3735","2374-3743"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Patient Experience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2c26e92a0a1b4ac2b735ee18b6d32791","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2c26e92a0a1b4ac2b735ee18b6d32791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Patient Experience, Vol 13 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/23743735261501458","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735261501458","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23743735261501458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210218228","display_name":"Journal of Patient Experience","issn_l":"2374-3735","issn":["2374-3735","2374-3743"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Patient Experience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W988623707","https://openalex.org/W2034328921","https://openalex.org/W2171980462","https://openalex.org/W2330800912","https://openalex.org/W2409965523","https://openalex.org/W2774419965","https://openalex.org/W2931852542","https://openalex.org/W2951463765","https://openalex.org/W3002992565","https://openalex.org/W3007127399","https://openalex.org/W3017225262","https://openalex.org/W3017696172","https://openalex.org/W3046685902","https://openalex.org/W3047590017","https://openalex.org/W3092743899","https://openalex.org/W3094192719","https://openalex.org/W4312050567","https://openalex.org/W4392753219","https://openalex.org/W4392870903","https://openalex.org/W4408847810","https://openalex.org/W4409485457","https://openalex.org/W4416746135","https://openalex.org/W7165176314"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385863763","https://openalex.org/W4315780180","https://openalex.org/W3007127399","https://openalex.org/W2017400968","https://openalex.org/W2610228271","https://openalex.org/W2033681647","https://openalex.org/W2506216984","https://openalex.org/W4386885201","https://openalex.org/W7161631415","https://openalex.org/W7147432401"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intravitreal":[0],"injections":[1,108],"(IVI)":[2],"are":[3],"among":[4],"the":[5,23,32,123],"most":[6],"frequently":[7],"performed":[8],"ophthalmic":[9],"procedures,":[10],"often":[11],"requiring":[12],"repeated":[13],"administration":[14],"for":[15,155],"chronic":[16],"retinal":[17,179],"diseases.":[18],"As":[19],"treatment":[20],"burden":[21],"increases,":[22],"patient":[24,161],"experience,":[25,162],"encompassing":[26],"procedural":[27,90],"comfort,":[28,89,131],"anxiety,":[29,132],"trust":[30],"in":[31,47,57,77,150,178],"care":[33],"team,":[34],"and":[35,60,65,92,104,133,146,153,165,175],"emotional":[36],"engagement":[37],"with":[38,84],"long-term":[39,173],"therapy,":[40],"has":[41,114],"emerged":[42],"as":[43],"an":[44],"important":[45],"consideration":[46],"modern":[48],"retina":[49],"practice.":[50],"Ocular":[51],"anesthesia":[52,74],"plays":[53],"a":[54,81,85,117,138],"central":[55],"role":[56],"minimizing":[58],"pain":[59],"may":[61,169],"help":[62],"reduce":[63],"anxiety":[64],"support":[66,170],"adherence":[67,171],"to":[68,172],"therapy.":[69],"This":[70],"article":[71],"examines":[72],"ocular":[73],"techniques":[75,96],"used":[76],"intravitreal":[78],"therapy":[79,174],"through":[80],"patient-experience":[82],"lens,":[83],"focus":[86],"on":[87,130,160],"patient-reported":[88],"efficiency,":[91],"clinical":[93],"safety.":[94],"Current":[95,112],"include":[97],"topical":[98],"anesthetic":[99,167],"drops,":[100],"gels,":[101],"anesthetic-soaked":[102],"pledgets,":[103],"less":[105],"commonly,":[106],"subconjunctival":[107],"or":[109],"regional":[110],"blocks.":[111],"literature":[113],"not":[115],"identified":[116],"single":[118],"superior":[119],"technique,":[120],"which":[121],"highlights":[122],"importance":[124],"of":[125],"individualized,":[126],"patient-centered":[127,139],"selection":[128],"based":[129],"prior":[134],"experience.":[135],"We":[136],"propose":[137],"framework":[140],"that":[141],"integrates":[142],"expectations,":[143],"communication,":[144],"feedback,":[145],"we":[147],"identify":[148],"gaps":[149],"current":[151],"knowledge":[152],"priorities":[154],"future":[156],"research.":[157],"Continued":[158],"emphasis":[159],"alongside":[163],"well-tolerated":[164],"practical":[166],"options,":[168],"optimize":[176],"outcomes":[177],"disease":[180],"management.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}