{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224522906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16214331","title":"Fragility Analysis of Multi-Story Building with Glass Curtain Walls Under Combined Wind and Rain Actions","display_name":"Fragility Analysis of Multi-Story Building with Glass Curtain Walls Under Combined Wind and Rain Actions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224522906","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16214331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/buildings16214331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16214331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16214331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191137","display_name":"Buildings","issn_l":"2075-5309","issn":["2075-5309"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Buildings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16214331","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159459670","display_name":"Fengbo Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63371133","display_name":"Chongqing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t001k65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63371133"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengbo Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63371133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160132258","display_name":"Wanquan Yu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63371133","display_name":"Chongqing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t001k65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63371133"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanquan Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63371133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160123498","display_name":"Min Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121679804","display_name":"Guoqing Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guoqing Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160147537","display_name":"Bo Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031782920","display_name":"Xing-er Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-0256","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-0256"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinger Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-0256","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5121679804"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76302677,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"21","first_page":"4331","last_page":"4331"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12897","display_name":"Structural Analysis of Composite Materials","score":0.3197999894618988,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12897","display_name":"Structural Analysis of Composite Materials","score":0.3197999894618988,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10160","display_name":"Seismic Performance and Analysis","score":0.2410999983549118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.12999999523162842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glass-curtain-wall","display_name":"glass curtain wall","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-storey-buildings","display_name":"multi-storey buildings","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragility-analysis","display_name":"fragility analysis","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-driven-rain","display_name":"wind-driven rain","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/windborne-debris","display_name":"windborne debris","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-loss-estimation","display_name":"economic loss estimation","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typhoon-damage","display_name":"typhoon damage","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/progressive-damage","display_name":"progressive damage","score":0.7570000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80191262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5477668","display_name":"Fragility","level":2,"score":0.8578000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83419821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2137507","display_name":"Rainwater harvesting","level":2,"score":0.8215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776187311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370962","display_name":"Curtain wall","level":2,"score":0.7146000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65155139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380912","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","level":3,"score":0.6664000153541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196803488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4986592","display_name":"Building envelope","level":3,"score":0.6516000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5511999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.4733999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780391660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6692780","display_name":"Low-rise","level":2,"score":0.4562999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145690102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2441902","display_name":"Wind engineering","level":2,"score":0.415800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500300565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Computer simulation","level":2,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/buildings16214331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16214331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16214331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191137","display_name":"Buildings","issn_l":"2075-5309","issn":["2075-5309"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Buildings","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/buildings16214331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16214331","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16214331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191137","display_name":"Buildings","issn_l":"2075-5309","issn":["2075-5309"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Buildings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7250000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5351999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511988016","https://openalex.org/W1964517342","https://openalex.org/W1967103864","https://openalex.org/W1971483299","https://openalex.org/W1991394932","https://openalex.org/W1994645269","https://openalex.org/W1998644072","https://openalex.org/W2010761622","https://openalex.org/W2012396552","https://openalex.org/W2023569626","https://openalex.org/W2037312068","https://openalex.org/W2039178188","https://openalex.org/W2060843763","https://openalex.org/W2066024966","https://openalex.org/W2071787897","https://openalex.org/W2074896574","https://openalex.org/W2077811884","https://openalex.org/W2088063642","https://openalex.org/W2111499726","https://openalex.org/W2112226627","https://openalex.org/W2128296615","https://openalex.org/W2153353425","https://openalex.org/W2166262002","https://openalex.org/W2883451464","https://openalex.org/W2910782449","https://openalex.org/W3005435418","https://openalex.org/W3013594693","https://openalex.org/W3024422530","https://openalex.org/W4391831303","https://openalex.org/W4406534130","https://openalex.org/W4414218328","https://openalex.org/W4417438537","https://openalex.org/W7127595915","https://openalex.org/W7128300963","https://openalex.org/W7162331665","https://openalex.org/W7168180948","https://openalex.org/W7196928649"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7202135501","https://openalex.org/W2111929127","https://openalex.org/W4310732684","https://openalex.org/W4292998701","https://openalex.org/W3126079903","https://openalex.org/W2352483261","https://openalex.org/W2910782449","https://openalex.org/W2988542517","https://openalex.org/W2371218556","https://openalex.org/W3016800719"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,6,8,22,56,77,84,122,143,147,154,159,165,174,182,200],"acceleration":[2],"of":[3,10,26,105,151,162,169,189],"urbanization":[4],"in":[5],"world,":[7],"number":[9],"multi-story":[11,28,106,131,192],"buildings":[12,107,132],"has":[13],"continued":[14],"to":[15,49,76],"increase,":[16],"and":[17,38,51,80,111,120,136,173,212],"glass":[18,44,102,155],"curtain":[19,45,103],"walls,":[20],"as":[21,42],"primary":[23],"envelope":[24,68,210],"form":[25],"modern":[27],"buildings,":[29],"have":[30],"been":[31],"widely":[32],"adopted.":[33],"However,":[34],"during":[35],"strong":[36],"wind":[37,71,79,110,135],"rainstorm":[39],"disasters":[40],"such":[41],"typhoons,":[43],"walls":[46,104],"are":[47],"prone":[48],"damage,":[50,211],"rainwater":[52,90],"consequently":[53],"intrudes":[54],"into":[55],"building":[57,193],"interior,":[58],"causing":[59],"severe":[60],"property":[61,86,214],"losses.":[62,215],"Existing":[63],"studies":[64],"mostly":[65],"focus":[66],"on":[67,116,181],"damage":[69,124],"under":[70,108,133],"actions,":[72,82],"paying":[73],"insufficient":[74],"attention":[75],"combined":[78,109,134],"rain":[81,112,137,171,208],"especially":[83],"indoor":[85,213],"losses":[87],"induced":[88],"by":[89],"intrusion.":[91],"To":[92],"this":[93,95],"end,":[94],"paper":[96],"establishes":[97],"a":[98,126,185,190],"damage-assessment":[99],"method":[100,202],"for":[101,130,206],"actions.":[113],"First,":[114],"based":[115,180],"stochastic":[117],"simulation":[118,161],"techniques":[119],"considering":[121],"progressive":[123],"process,":[125],"fragility":[127],"analysis":[128],"framework":[129],"actions":[138],"is":[139,194],"proposed,":[140],"which":[141],"involves":[142],"probabilistic":[144],"wind-load":[145],"model,":[146,158],"impact":[148],"load":[149],"model":[150,168],"wind-borne":[152],"debris,":[153],"resistance":[156],"capacity":[157],"numerical":[160,186],"wind-driven":[163,170,207],"rain,":[164],"volumetric":[166],"quantification":[167],"intrusion,":[172,209],"economic":[175],"loss":[176],"assessment":[177],"model.":[178],"Then,":[179],"proposed":[183,201],"framework,":[184],"case":[187],"study":[188],"typical":[191],"conducted.":[195],"The":[196],"results":[197],"indicate":[198],"that":[199],"can":[203],"reasonably":[204],"account":[205]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}
