{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224472337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692","title":"A low-cost earthquake simulator for early-years science education: A hands-on approach to teaching seismic concepts in kindergarten and primary school","display_name":"A low-cost earthquake simulator for early-years science education: A hands-on approach to teaching seismic concepts in kindergarten and primary school","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224472337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692","pdf_url":"https://www.mathsciteacher.com/download/a-low-cost-earthquake-simulator-for-early-years-science-education-a-hands-on-approach-to-teaching-19692.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176850","display_name":"Journal of Mathematics and Science Teacher","issn_l":"2752-6054","issn":["2752-6054"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4328143497","host_organization_name":"Modestum Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4328143497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Modestum Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Mathematics and Science Teacher","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.mathsciteacher.com/download/a-low-cost-earthquake-simulator-for-early-years-science-education-a-hands-on-approach-to-teaching-19692.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115942024","display_name":"DIMITRIOS KORAKAS","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-1708","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-1708"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Korakas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science Education Advisor, Directorate of Secondary Education of Ioannina, GREECE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5008-1708","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science Education Advisor, Directorate of Secondary Education of Ioannina, GREECE","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022884262","display_name":"Nikolaos Kyriazis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4668-3083","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4668-3083"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos Kyriazis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GREECE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4668-3083","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GREECE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037538204","display_name":"Georgios Stylos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-8427","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-8427"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Stylos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GREECE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-8427","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GREECE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063127183","display_name":"Konstantinos \u03a4. Kotsis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1548-0134","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1548-0134","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9830-1706"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos T. Kotsis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GREECE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1548-0134","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, GREECE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037538204"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88545621,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"4","first_page":"em110","last_page":"em110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12250","display_name":"Experimental and Theoretical Physics Studies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14376","display_name":"Science and Education Research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earthquake-simulator","display_name":"earthquake simulator","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-cost-teaching-materials","display_name":"low-cost teaching materials","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kindergarten","display_name":"kindergarten","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-school","display_name":"elementary school","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hands-on-learning","display_name":"hands-on learning","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inquiry-based-learning","display_name":"inquiry-based learning","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disaster-risk-reduction-education","display_name":"disaster risk education","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismically-active-regions","display_name":"seismically active regions","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardboard-models","display_name":"cardboard models","score":0.3529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-stability","display_name":"structural stability","score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismic-intensity","display_name":"seismic intensity","score":0.3149999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521332185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185816","display_name":"Analogy","level":2,"score":0.46389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4345000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3797000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.36070001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10050518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q975085","display_name":"Primary education","level":2,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103711010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909789","display_name":"Earthquake engineering","level":2,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777082460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3377398","display_name":"Early childhood","level":2,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018587665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268696","display_name":"Qualitative analysis","level":3,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778488704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15190726","display_name":"Audio equipment","level":2,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77595967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151013","display_name":"Forensic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48164120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4491893","display_name":"Concept learning","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.25200000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692","pdf_url":"https://www.mathsciteacher.com/download/a-low-cost-earthquake-simulator-for-early-years-science-education-a-hands-on-approach-to-teaching-19692.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176850","display_name":"Journal of Mathematics and Science Teacher","issn_l":"2752-6054","issn":["2752-6054"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4328143497","host_organization_name":"Modestum Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4328143497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Modestum Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Mathematics and Science Teacher","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29333/mathsciteacher/19692","pdf_url":"https://www.mathsciteacher.com/download/a-low-cost-earthquake-simulator-for-early-years-science-education-a-hands-on-approach-to-teaching-19692.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176850","display_name":"Journal of Mathematics and Science Teacher","issn_l":"2752-6054","issn":["2752-6054"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4328143497","host_organization_name":"Modestum Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4328143497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Modestum Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Mathematics and Science Teacher","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6164000034332275,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224472337.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224472337.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037352233","https://openalex.org/W2042567772","https://openalex.org/W2157849678","https://openalex.org/W2167373370","https://openalex.org/W2183536200","https://openalex.org/W2271206144","https://openalex.org/W2488939990","https://openalex.org/W3012618598","https://openalex.org/W3015549962","https://openalex.org/W3020118292","https://openalex.org/W3108141537","https://openalex.org/W3117024706","https://openalex.org/W3127900131","https://openalex.org/W3139326343","https://openalex.org/W3198259959","https://openalex.org/W4283788302","https://openalex.org/W4311689854","https://openalex.org/W4376274046","https://openalex.org/W4386259451","https://openalex.org/W4386602126","https://openalex.org/W4388272285","https://openalex.org/W4389223745","https://openalex.org/W4391722334","https://openalex.org/W4394759076","https://openalex.org/W4401014046","https://openalex.org/W4403285312","https://openalex.org/W4403675901","https://openalex.org/W4408429929","https://openalex.org/W4411175572","https://openalex.org/W4413931191","https://openalex.org/W4415684428","https://openalex.org/W7130922529","https://openalex.org/W7153975264","https://openalex.org/W7161983450"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3083894622","https://openalex.org/W3045682532","https://openalex.org/W2607799593","https://openalex.org/W3033896862","https://openalex.org/W4233297032","https://openalex.org/W3001087310","https://openalex.org/W2098513944","https://openalex.org/W2898485068","https://openalex.org/W7214076661","https://openalex.org/W3010475665"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Children":[0],"growing":[1],"up":[2],"in":[3,27,140,146,155,170,219,233],"seismically":[4,235],"active":[5,236],"regions":[6],"such":[7],"as":[8,69,200,251],"Greece":[9],"are":[10,193],"routinely":[11],"exposed":[12],"to":[13,57,117,168],"earthquakes":[14],"from":[15,84,178],"an":[16,99,106],"early":[17,30,143],"age,":[18],"yet":[19],"age-appropriate,":[20],"classroom-ready":[21],"resources":[22],"for":[23,52,212,227,254],"introducing":[24],"seismological":[25],"concepts":[26],"kindergarten":[28,141],"and":[29,41,98,120,135,142,165,185,195,222],"primary":[31,144],"years":[32],"remain":[33],"scarce.":[34],"This":[35],"paper":[36,86],"describes":[37],"the":[38,147,156,163,174,179,186,213,252],"design,":[39],"construction":[40],"classroom":[42,65],"use":[43],"of":[44,74,114,130,149,183,188,203,240],"a":[45,63,70,85,88,110,125,224,245],"simple,":[46],"low-cost":[47],"experimental":[48],"earthquake":[49],"simulator":[50],"intended":[51],"children":[53,154],"aged":[54],"approximately":[55,115],"four":[56],"eight":[58],"years.":[59],"The":[60,80,207],"device":[61,81,164,208],"is":[62,82,122,249],"qualitative":[64,181],"analogy":[66],"rather":[67],"than":[68],"physically":[71],"exact":[72],"reproduction":[73],"seismic-wave":[75],"propagation":[76],"or":[77],"ground-motion":[78],"dynamics.":[79],"assembled":[83],"box,":[87],"cardboard":[89],"platform":[90],"suspended":[91],"on":[92],"rubber":[93],"bands,":[94],"wooden":[95],"building":[96],"blocks":[97],"optional":[100],"1.5":[101],"V":[102],"DC":[103],"motor":[104],"with":[105,162],"eccentric":[107],"cam,":[108],"at":[109],"total":[111],"material":[112],"cost":[113],"5.50":[116],"20":[118],"euros,":[119],"it":[121],"embedded":[123],"within":[124],"structured":[126],"inquiry":[127],"sequence":[128],"consisting":[129],"introduction,":[131],"prediction,":[132],"trial,":[133],"observation":[134],"discussion":[136],"phases.":[137],"Classroom":[138],"implementation":[139],"settings":[145],"Region":[148],"Epirus,":[150],"Greece,":[151],"suggests":[152],"that":[153],"target":[157],"age":[158],"range":[159],"engage":[160],"strongly":[161],"can":[166],"begin":[167],"reason,":[169],"age-appropriate":[171],"language,":[172],"about":[173],"relationship":[175],"between":[176],"distance":[177],"epicentre,":[180],"intensity":[182],"shaking":[184],"stability":[187],"model":[189,226],"structures.":[190],"These":[191],"observations":[192],"exploratory":[194],"should":[196],"not":[197],"be":[198],"interpreted":[199],"formal":[201],"evidence":[202],"measured":[204],"learning":[205,242],"gains.":[206],"provides":[209],"conceptual":[210],"scaffolding":[211],"school-based":[214],"earthquake-preparedness":[215],"programmes":[216],"already":[217],"operating":[218],"Greek":[220],"schools":[221],"offers":[223],"transferable":[225],"early-childhood":[228],"disaster":[229],"risk":[230],"reduction":[231],"education":[232],"other":[234],"regions.":[237],"Systematic":[238],"evaluation":[239],"children\u2019s":[241],"outcomes":[243],"through":[244],"multi-site,":[246],"instrument-based":[247],"study":[248],"identified":[250],"priority":[253],"follow-up":[255],"work.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}
