{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224430262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27","title":"It Knows More Than It Can Say: Self-Evolving Prompts for Extremely Low-Resource Languages","display_name":"It Knows More Than It Can Say: Self-Evolving Prompts for Extremely Low-Resource Languages","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224430262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.oracle-main.27.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Proceedings of the Workshop on Open Reasoning Across Cultures Languages (ORACLE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.oracle-main.27.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139808738","display_name":"Gaurav Sarkar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64189192","display_name":"International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05f11g639","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gaurav Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["IIIT Hyderabad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIIT Hyderabad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5139808738"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64189192"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90000297,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"406","last_page":"411"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.8931000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.8931000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.08060000091791153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.006399999838322401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prompt-engineering","display_name":"prompt engineering","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-resource-languages","display_name":"low-resource languages","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5582000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3677000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2475000023841858}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.oracle-main.27.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Proceedings of the Workshop on Open Reasoning Across Cultures Languages (ORACLE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/2026.oracle-main.27","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2026.oracle-main.27.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Proceedings of the Workshop on Open Reasoning Across Cultures Languages (ORACLE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224430262.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224430262.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391155883","https://openalex.org/W7160168683","https://openalex.org/W6885119379","https://openalex.org/W3148659602","https://openalex.org/W2949874538","https://openalex.org/W7131839898","https://openalex.org/W7160064608","https://openalex.org/W7095472635","https://openalex.org/W7096953935","https://openalex.org/W7099152871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Structured":[0],"prompting":[1],"can":[2],"make":[3],"large":[4],"language":[5,22],"models":[6],"(LLMs)":[7],"speak":[8],"languages":[9,69],"that":[10,48,62,127,193],"are":[11],"virtually":[12],"absent":[13],"from":[14,35,40,88,181],"their":[15],"training":[16],"data:":[17],"for":[18,81,174,208],"Tulu,":[19],"a":[20,28,175,190,202],"Dravidian":[21],"with":[23,44,185],"over":[24],"two":[25],"million":[26],"speakers,":[27],"hand-crafted":[29],"five-layer":[30],"prompt":[31,49,125,142,200],"reduces":[32],"vocabulary":[33],"contamination":[34,167],"the":[36,66,71,86,89,93,124,141,195],"dominant":[37],"neighbour":[38],"Kannada":[39],"80%":[41],"to":[42,57,65,123,183],"5%":[43],"zero":[45],"parameter":[46],"updates.But":[47],"took":[50],"native":[51],"speakers":[52],"and":[53,130,156,187],"targeted":[54],"elicitation":[55],"sessions":[56],"build:":[58],"an":[59,136],"expert":[60,87],"bottleneck":[61],"cannot":[63],"scale":[64,170],"thousands":[67],"of":[68,211],"in":[70],"same":[72],"situation.We":[73],"introduce":[74],"CIPHER":[75],"(Contrastive":[76],"Iterative":[77],"Prompt":[78],"Heuristic":[79],"Evolution":[80],"Resourcescarce":[82],"languages),":[83],"which":[84],"removes":[85],"loop":[90,139],"by":[91],"making":[92],"model":[94],"be":[95],"its":[96,108],"own":[97,109],"linguist.A":[98],"single":[99],"LLM":[100],"plays":[101],"every":[102,169],"role:":[103],"it":[104],"translates,":[105],"contrastively":[106],"diagnoses":[107],"errors":[110],"against":[111],"references,":[112],"abstracts":[113],"recurring":[114],"defects":[115],"into":[116],"canonical":[117],"linguistic":[118,205],"rules,":[119],"routes":[120],"each":[121],"rule":[122],"layer":[126,151,192],"repairs":[128],"it,":[129],"generates":[131],"judge-filtered":[132],"self-play":[133],"data,":[134],"while":[135],"outer":[137],"evolutionary":[138],"mutates":[140],"architecture":[143,197],"itself":[144],"under":[145],"Pareto":[146],"selection,":[147],"including":[148],"discovering":[149],"new":[150],"types.From":[152],"250":[153],"translation":[154],"pairs":[155],"no":[157],"human":[158],"curation,":[159],"CI-PHER":[160],"mines":[161],"3,471":[162],"typed":[163],"error":[164],"records,":[165],"eliminates":[166],"at":[168],"we":[171],"test":[172],"(47%\u21920%":[173],"3B":[176],"model),":[177],"raises":[178],"grammar":[179],"accuracy":[180],"28%":[182],"44%":[184],"GPT-5,":[186],"autonomously":[188],"invents":[189],"contamination-filter":[191],"yields":[194],"best":[196],"found.The":[198],"evolved":[199],"is":[201],"compact,":[203],"human-auditable":[204],"artifact,":[206],"produced":[207],"API-hours":[209],"instead":[210],"expert-weeks.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-02T09:45:03.842371","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}