{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224412929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6","title":"Exploring pedagogical transfer readiness and critical reflections on AI and digital tools among preservice EFL teachers","display_name":"Exploring pedagogical transfer readiness and critical reflections on AI and digital tools among preservice EFL teachers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224412929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387280196","display_name":"Discover Education","issn_l":"2731-5525","issn":["2731-5525"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016991983","display_name":"Eda Duruk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8564-2456","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8564-2456"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48843708","display_name":"Pamukkale University","ror":"https://ror.org/01etz1309","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48843708"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eda Duruk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Foreign Languages Education, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Denizli, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8564-2456","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Foreign Languages Education, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Denizli, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48843708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016991983"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48843708"],"apc_list":{"value":1390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1390},"apc_paid":{"value":1390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1390},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10008","display_name":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","score":0.6807000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10008","display_name":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","score":0.6807000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.08139999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13412","display_name":"Education and Technology Integration","score":0.046300001442432404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-in-education","display_name":"artificial intelligence in education","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-tools","display_name":"digital tools","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-education","display_name":"teacher professional development","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-intention","display_name":"transfer intention","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-usefulness","display_name":"perceived usefulness","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-evaluation","display_name":"program evaluation","score":0.5600000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.661899983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.5738000273704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5708000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.5134000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777938197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834022","display_name":"Transfer of training","level":2,"score":0.4553000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.45239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.42010000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51067260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828812","display_name":"Professional development","level":2,"score":0.374099999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.350600004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.35010001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80245801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477475","display_name":"Semi-structured interview","level":3,"score":0.3296999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177291462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423038","display_name":"Active listening","level":2,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780805685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374230","display_name":"Teacher education","level":2,"score":0.31290000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109778625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796573","display_name":"Computer-mediated communication","level":3,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778048005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7692612","display_name":"Technology integration","level":3,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.27630001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780468074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16628824","display_name":"Digital learning","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019723476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Electronic learning","level":3,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387280196","display_name":"Discover Education","issn_l":"2731-5525","issn":["2731-5525"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:82b8260c29a44b409046fe1f05472db5","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/82b8260c29a44b409046fe1f05472db5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Discover Education, Vol 5, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44217-026-02344-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387280196","display_name":"Discover Education","issn_l":"2731-5525","issn":["2731-5525"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3234727552","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2237-A","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","funder_display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9kkr77"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224412929.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224412929.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W2053563199","https://openalex.org/W2057327092","https://openalex.org/W2064430399","https://openalex.org/W2123184471","https://openalex.org/W2168569455","https://openalex.org/W2520415148","https://openalex.org/W2560649688","https://openalex.org/W2890892752","https://openalex.org/W2914212718","https://openalex.org/W2996647064","https://openalex.org/W3029022390","https://openalex.org/W3048560297","https://openalex.org/W4224236081","https://openalex.org/W4321499901","https://openalex.org/W4323655724","https://openalex.org/W7103894652","https://openalex.org/W7128912874","https://openalex.org/W7160505670","https://openalex.org/W7167803190"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7167652825","https://openalex.org/W7212143014","https://openalex.org/W7165579876","https://openalex.org/W4391345324","https://openalex.org/W7170144547","https://openalex.org/W7222854381","https://openalex.org/W7214004797","https://openalex.org/W4416696414","https://openalex.org/W7169591275","https://openalex.org/W7133862438"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,84,145,268],"pedagogical":[1,191,197,216,284],"integration":[2],"of":[3,42,105,150,248,257],"artificial":[4],"intelligence,":[5],"coding":[6],"environments,":[7],"and":[8,20,57,68,81,96,111,116,159,169,195,224,282],"digital":[9],"tools":[10,24],"requires":[11],"preservice":[12,33,64,287],"teachers":[13,35,66],"to":[14,52,205,262],"move":[15],"beyond":[16],"recognizing":[17],"technological":[18],"usefulness":[19],"consider":[21],"how":[22,63],"particular":[23],"might":[25,229],"be":[26],"used":[27],"within":[28],"specific":[29],"instructional":[30,212],"contexts.":[31],"Eighteen":[32],"EFL":[34,65,288],"contributed":[36],"evaluation":[37,281],"data,":[38],"although":[39,130],"the":[40,103,127,131,200,236,255,276],"number":[41],"valid":[43],"daily":[44],"responses":[45,147],"decreased":[46],"from":[47],"18":[48],"on":[49,54,161,226],"Day":[50],"1":[51],"15":[53],"Days":[55],"2":[56],"3.":[58],"This":[59],"exploratory":[60,185],"study":[61,85,269],"examined":[62],"evaluated":[67],"pedagogically":[69,249],"interpreted":[70,175],"a":[71,87,271],"three-day":[72],"online":[73],"professional":[74,242],"development":[75,243],"program":[76],"involving":[77],"AI-supported,":[78],"coding-based,":[79],"interactive,":[80],"multimedia":[82],"tools.":[83],"adopted":[86],"repeated":[88],"convergent":[89],"mixed-methods":[90],"program-evaluation":[91],"design.":[92],"Quantitative":[93],"session":[94],"evaluations":[95,125],"open-ended":[97],"reflections":[98,160],"were":[99,174],"collected":[100],"concurrently":[101],"at":[102],"end":[104],"each":[106],"training":[107],"day,":[108],"analyzed":[109],"separately,":[110],"integrated":[112],"through":[113,176],"joint":[114],"displays":[115],"interpretive":[117],"comparison.":[118],"Descriptive":[119],"results":[120],"showed":[121],"consistently":[122],"positive":[123,279],"self-reported":[124],"across":[126],"three":[128],"days,":[129],"unmatched,":[132],"post-session":[133],"data":[134,261],"do":[135],"not":[136],"support":[137],"inferences":[138],"about":[139],"individual":[140],"change":[141],"or":[142,231,266],"developmental":[143],"trajectories.":[144],"qualitative":[146],"contained":[148],"evidence":[149,247],"tool-specific":[151],"classroom":[152,170],"applications,":[153,217],"expressed":[154,218],"intentions":[155,219],"for":[156,220,274],"future":[157,222],"use,":[158,223],"practical":[162],"constraints":[163],"such":[164],"as":[165,183],"technical":[166],"demands,":[167],"accessibility,":[168],"time.":[171],"These":[172],"findings":[173,237],"Pedagogical":[177],"Transfer":[178],"Readiness":[179],"(PTR),":[180],"proposed":[181],"here":[182],"an":[184],"evaluative":[186],"lens":[187],"comprising":[188],"perceived":[189],"usefulness,":[190],"envisioning,":[192],"transfer":[193,285],"intention,":[194],"critical":[196],"awareness.":[198],"In":[199],"present":[201],"study,":[202],"PTR":[203],"refers":[204],"analytically":[206],"distinguishable":[207],"indications":[208],"that":[209,228,239],"participants":[210],"recognized":[211],"value,":[213],"imagined":[214],"context-specific":[215],"possible":[221],"reflected":[225],"conditions":[227],"enable":[230],"constrain":[232],"implementation.":[233,267],"Taken":[234],"together,":[235],"suggest":[238],"short,":[240],"practice-oriented":[241],"can":[244],"generate":[245],"immediate":[246],"oriented":[250],"reflection,":[251],"while":[252],"also":[253],"illustrating":[254],"limitations":[256],"using":[258],"post-program":[259],"self-report":[260],"infer":[263],"sustained":[264],"readiness":[265],"contributes":[270],"provisional":[272],"framework":[273],"examining":[275],"space":[277],"between":[278],"technology":[280],"actual":[283],"in":[286],"teacher":[289],"education.":[290],"Not":[291],"applicable.":[292]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}
