{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224390770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueag136","title":"Free to Fail? Paternalistic Preferences in the United States","display_name":"Free to Fail? Paternalistic Preferences in the United States","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224390770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueag136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ej/ueag136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueag136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueag136","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/ej/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ej/ueag136/72593706/ueag136.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45992627","display_name":"The Economic Journal","issn_l":"0013-0133","issn":["0013-0133","1468-0297","1742-0350"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Economic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/ej/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ej/ueag136/72593706/ueag136.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071976656","display_name":"Bj\u00f6rn Bartling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9496-266X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9496-266X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","display_name":"University of Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bj\u00f6rn Bartling","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Zurich Department of Economics, , Bl\u00fcmlisalpstrasse 10, 8006 Zurich ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Zurich Department of Economics, , Bl\u00fcmlisalpstrasse 10, 8006 Zurich ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030866489","display_name":"Alexander W. Cappelen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3489-7085","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3489-7085"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I931913249","display_name":"Norwegian School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/04v53s997","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I931913249"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander W Cappelen","raw_affiliation_strings":["NHH Norwegian School of Economics , Bergen ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NHH Norwegian School of Economics , Bergen ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I931913249"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032441355","display_name":"Henning Hermes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9339-4779","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9339-4779"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1340728805","display_name":"Ifo Institute for Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/045495t75","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340728805","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henning Hermes","raw_affiliation_strings":["ifo Institute and University of Munich ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ifo Institute and University of Munich ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1340728805","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056629631","display_name":"Marit Skivenes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5326-6692","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5326-6692"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4432739","display_name":"University of Bergen","ror":"https://ror.org/03zga2b32","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4432739"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marit Skivenes","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bergen ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bergen ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4432739"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017105549","display_name":"Bertil Tungodden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4182-8491","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4182-8491"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I931913249","display_name":"Norwegian School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/04v53s997","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I931913249"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bertil Tungodden","raw_affiliation_strings":["NHH Norwegian School of Economics , Bergen ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NHH Norwegian School of Economics , Bergen ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I931913249"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071976656"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"apc_list":{"value":3384,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":4463},"apc_paid":{"value":3384,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":4463},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8710898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.06400000303983688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10991","display_name":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paternalism","display_name":"paternalism","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/libertarian-paternalism","display_name":"libertarian paternalism","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/welfarism","display_name":"welfarism","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/willingness-to-intervene","display_name":"willingness to intervene","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choice-restriction","display_name":"choice restriction","score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-provision","display_name":"information provision","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/welfare-analysis","display_name":"welfare analysis","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stated-preference","display_name":"stated preference","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.527999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2679804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58434","display_name":"Paternalism","level":2,"score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201305675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852998","display_name":"Stakeholder","level":2,"score":0.5008999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.46059998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.42989999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3553999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776325391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6917865","display_name":"Motivated reasoning","level":3,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127729010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60165","display_name":"Dynamic inconsistency","level":2,"score":0.3199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52820260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551312","display_name":"Social preferences","level":2,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780291661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368455","display_name":"Opt-out","level":2,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137577040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431965","display_name":"Information asymmetry","level":2,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205706631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2319304","display_name":"Expected utility hypothesis","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ej/ueag136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueag136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueag136","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/ej/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ej/ueag136/72593706/ueag136.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45992627","display_name":"The Economic Journal","issn_l":"0013-0133","issn":["0013-0133","1468-0297","1742-0350"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Economic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ej/ueag136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueag136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ej/ueag136","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/ej/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/ej/ueag136/72593706/ueag136.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45992627","display_name":"The Economic Journal","issn_l":"0013-0133","issn":["0013-0133","1468-0297","1742-0350"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Economic Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6601999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2422714063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"262675","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5540560511","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"262636","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","ror":"https://ror.org/00epmv149"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224390770.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224390770.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021931747","https://openalex.org/W2033621257","https://openalex.org/W2132422417","https://openalex.org/W2143098196","https://openalex.org/W2579438956","https://openalex.org/W3119482403","https://openalex.org/W3125384181","https://openalex.org/W4376605820","https://openalex.org/W7163384991"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3132431193","https://openalex.org/W7056230615","https://openalex.org/W4410357153","https://openalex.org/W2788502276","https://openalex.org/W7097971123","https://openalex.org/W4241910029","https://openalex.org/W2166448654","https://openalex.org/W1551775376","https://openalex.org/W1604620991","https://openalex.org/W2899043922"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2],"examines":[3],"paternalistic":[4],"preferences":[5,84],"in":[6],"two":[7],"large-scale":[8],"experiments":[9],"with":[10,32],"participants":[11,76],"from":[12],"the":[13,33,55,81],"US":[14],"general":[15],"population.":[16],"Participants":[17],"decide":[18],"whether":[19],"to":[20,27,38,80],"intervene":[21,39],"when":[22,85],"a":[23,29,47,50,60,63,97],"stakeholder":[24],"is":[25,44],"about":[26,92],"make":[28],"choice":[30,57],"misaligned":[31],"stakeholder\u2019s":[34,56,82],"own":[35],"preferences.":[36],"Willingness":[37],"depends":[40],"on":[41],"which":[42,53],"intervention":[43,65],"available:":[45],"only":[46],"minority":[48],"implements":[49,62],"hard":[51],"intervention,":[52],"restricts":[54],"set,":[58],"while":[59],"majority":[61],"soft":[64],"that":[66,91],"provides":[67],"information":[68],"without":[69],"restricting":[70],"choice.":[71],"A":[72],"substantial":[73],"share":[74],"of":[75],"does":[77],"not":[78],"defer":[79],"stated":[83],"evaluating":[86],"welfare.":[87],"Our":[88],"framework":[89],"estimates":[90],"half":[93],"are":[94],"welfarists":[95],"and":[96],"third":[98],"libertarian":[99],"paternalists.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}
