{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224378782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770053","title":"Who Paid for the Red Sea Crisis? Bangladeshi Garment Prices in the EU and Japan","display_name":"Who Paid for the Red Sea Crisis? Bangladeshi Garment Prices in the EU and Japan","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224378782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23770053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770053","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160041855","display_name":"Kazi Affnann Azom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5998-7642","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5998-7642"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Azom, Kazi Affnann","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5998-7642","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5160041855"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12490","display_name":"Software Engineering and Design Patterns","score":0.009200000204145908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11552","display_name":"Global trade, sustainability, and social impact","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-sea-crisis","display_name":"Red Sea crisis","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shipping-costs","display_name":"shipping costs","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/container-shipping","display_name":"container shipping","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-transmission","display_name":"price transmission","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exchange-rates","display_name":"exchange rates","score":0.382999986410141}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.6626999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109167261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421955","display_name":"Fell","level":2,"score":0.604200005531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530175646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11460","display_name":"Clothing","level":2,"score":0.462799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4178999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.38359999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985189572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1239","display_name":"Indian ocean","level":2,"score":0.3314000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77265313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879844","display_name":"Rest (music)","level":2,"score":0.3305000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164884","display_name":"Container (type theory)","level":2,"score":0.3124000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185782297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142538","display_name":"Relative price","level":2,"score":0.29649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.28679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983223943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1693","display_name":"North sea","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993508850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185441","display_name":"Eu countries","level":3,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776988154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66100","display_name":"Exchange rate","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23770053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23770054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23770053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23770053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7172494109","https://openalex.org/W3135406615","https://openalex.org/W3200326567","https://openalex.org/W2112691905","https://openalex.org/W7214381702","https://openalex.org/W4323706277","https://openalex.org/W7135969455","https://openalex.org/W7112739823","https://openalex.org/W7168958513","https://openalex.org/W2155406231"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"From":[0],"December":[1],"2023,":[2],"attacks":[3],"on":[4],"ships":[5],"in":[6,73,84],"the":[7,40,47,62,65,74,100,128,133,146,157,171,174],"Red":[8,48],"Sea":[9,49],"diverted":[10],"container":[11],"shipping":[12],"between":[13],"Asia":[14],"and":[15,22,51,114,119],"Europe":[16],"around":[17],"Africa,":[18],"raising":[19],"freight":[20,148],"costs":[21],"delivery":[23,164],"times.":[24],"This":[25],"paper":[26],"asks":[27],"who":[28],"bore":[29],"that":[30,60],"cost":[31,158],"for":[32,106,139],"Bangladesh\u2019s":[33],"garment":[34],"exports.":[35],"Using":[36],"import":[37,97],"records":[38],"from":[39,52],"European":[41],"Union":[42],"(EU),":[43],"whose":[44,54],"shipments":[45,55,108],"used":[46],"route,":[50],"Japan,":[53],"did":[56],"not,":[57],"I":[58],"find":[59],"over":[61],"following":[63],"year":[64],"price":[66,130,134],"per":[67,137],"kilo":[68,138],"of":[69,173],"Bangladeshi":[70],"garments":[71],"arriving":[72,83],"EU":[75,96,129,140,167],"fell":[76,142],"by":[77,143],"5.5":[78],"percent":[79,87],"relative":[80],"to":[81,91],"those":[82],"Japan":[85],"(95":[86],"confidence":[88],"interval:":[89],"2.9":[90],"8.0":[92],"percent),":[93],"even":[94],"though":[95],"values":[98],"include":[99],"higher":[101],"freight.":[102,177],"The":[103,150],"result":[104],"holds":[105],"sea":[107],"alone,":[109],"a":[110,115,120],"later":[111],"start":[112],"date":[113],"fixed":[116],"exchange":[117],"rate,":[118],"placebo":[121],"test":[122],"shows":[123],"no":[124],"earlier":[125],"change.":[126],"Since":[127],"includes":[131],"freight,":[132],"exporters":[135,155],"received":[136],"orders":[141],"more":[144],"than":[145],"extra":[147],"cost.":[149],"pattern":[151],"is":[152],"consistent":[153],"with":[154],"absorbing":[156],"through":[159],"lower":[160],"prices,":[161],"while":[162],"slower":[163],"or":[165],"weaker":[166],"demand":[168],"may":[169],"explain":[170],"part":[172],"fall":[175],"beyond":[176]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}