{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224367367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23781237","title":"Can I Choose Between Two Possibilities When, Before Choosing, I Find No Difference BetweenThem?","display_name":"Can I Choose Between Two Possibilities When, Before Choosing, I Find No Difference BetweenThem?","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224367367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23781237"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:philarchive.org/rec/NIACIC","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://philarchive.org/rec/NIACIC","pdf_url":"https://philpapers.org/archive/NIACIC.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/book"},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://philpapers.org/archive/NIACIC.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126821763","display_name":"Morteza Niami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2039-512X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2039-512X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Niami, Morteza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent ResearcherinPhilosophy","morteza.niami.official@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2039-512X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent ResearcherinPhilosophy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"morteza.niami.official@gmail.com","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5126821763"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8860252,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10297","display_name":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","score":0.9491999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10297","display_name":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","score":0.9491999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11997","display_name":"Free Will and Agency","score":0.026100000366568565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12953","display_name":"Critical Realism in Sociology","score":0.009100000374019146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choice","display_name":"choice","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indifference","display_name":"indifference","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agency","display_name":"agency","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-determination","display_name":"causal determination","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/importance","display_name":"importance","score":0.30399999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/freedom","display_name":"freedom","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/future-prospects","display_name":"future prospects","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reversibility","display_name":"reversibility","score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-field","display_name":"relational field","score":0.375}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780081655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q763365","display_name":"Continuance","level":2,"score":0.5914999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5778999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132829578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581151","display_name":"Situated","level":2,"score":0.5760999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5454000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5141000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.4713999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.4668999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4668000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4526999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3962000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.3691999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.31290000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321703","display_name":"Premise","level":2,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48875124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416996","display_name":"Comparative statics","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777026412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2684591","display_name":"Statement (logic)","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.27230000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2639999985694885}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:philarchive.org/rec/NIACIC","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://philarchive.org/rec/NIACIC","pdf_url":"https://philpapers.org/archive/NIACIC.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/book"},{"id":"pmh:oai:philpapers.org/rec/NIACIC","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://philpapers.org/rec/NIACIC","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/book"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23781237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23781237","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23781237","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Book"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23781238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23781238","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23781238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Book"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:philarchive.org/rec/NIACIC","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://philarchive.org/rec/NIACIC","pdf_url":"https://philpapers.org/archive/NIACIC.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402130","display_name":"PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/book"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224367367.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224367367.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W768818455","https://openalex.org/W3037887260","https://openalex.org/W7224386674","https://openalex.org/W2625404582","https://openalex.org/W4403843095","https://openalex.org/W7098490298","https://openalex.org/W2036981719","https://openalex.org/W3202220246","https://openalex.org/W4239792601","https://openalex.org/W2060180670"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract:":[0],"I":[1,4,13,25,66,72,87,91,128,141,164,207],"examine":[2],"whether":[3],"can":[5,48,146],"choose":[6],"between":[7,17,266],"two":[8],"possibilities":[9],"when,":[10],"before":[11],"choosing,":[12],"experience":[14],"no":[15],"difference":[16,34],"them.":[18],"My":[19],"answer":[20],"is":[21,105],"affirmative,":[22],"provided":[23],"that":[24,54,68,143,184,200,209,231],"distinguish":[26,129],"the":[27,36,79,85,96,159,172,181,198,217,220,222,229,251,256,264],"absence":[28,37],"of":[29,38,42,76,98,113,126,150,161,195,219,239],"a":[30,44,51,62,108,120,167,187,269,274],"perceived":[31],"or":[32,158,234],"endorsed":[33],"from":[35],"every":[39,177],"condition":[40],"capable":[41],"producing":[43],"selection.":[45],"A":[46],"choice":[47,188,210],"occur":[49],"without":[50,273],"comparative":[52,130,275],"reason":[53,270],"favors":[55],"one":[56,82],"option,":[57],"while":[58,277],"still":[59],"depending":[60],"on":[61,118,243,246],"minimal":[63],"practical":[64],"situation:":[65],"understand":[67],"alternatives":[69,173],"are":[70,174],"available,":[71],"perform":[73],"an":[74,193,280],"act":[75,80,160],"selection,":[77,137,196],"and":[78,110,115,138,228,250,271],"establishes":[81],"possibility":[83],"as":[84,192],"path":[86],"will":[88],"presently":[89],"follow.":[90],"develop":[92],"this":[93,102],"argument":[94],"through":[95,224,287],"philosophy":[97],"Finite":[99],"Continuance.":[100],"Within":[101],"framework,":[103],"agency":[104],"situated":[106],"in":[107,170,176,254],"finite":[109,296],"changing":[111],"field":[112,253],"possibilities,":[114],"continuance":[116],"depends":[117,242],"preserving":[119],"capacity":[121],"for":[122,268],"reconfiguration":[123],"under":[124],"conditions":[125],"erosion.":[127],"preference,":[131],"explicit":[132],"deliberation,":[133],"causal":[134],"determination,":[135],"arbitrary":[136],"retrospective":[139],"rationalization.":[140],"argue":[142],"apparent":[144],"indifference":[145],"coexist":[147],"with":[148],"asymmetries":[149],"attention,":[151],"bodily":[152],"orientation,":[153],"habit,":[154],"context,":[155],"temporal":[156],"pressure,":[157],"choosing":[162,267,272],"itself.":[163],"also":[165],"consider":[166],"stronger":[168],"case":[169],"which":[171,225,255],"equal":[175],"respect":[178],"available":[179],"to":[180,259],"chooser.":[182],"In":[183],"limiting":[185],"case,":[186],"remains":[189],"conceptually":[190],"possible":[191],"event":[194],"although":[197],"claim":[199],"it":[201],"was":[202],"wholly":[203],"unconditioned":[204],"requires":[205],"caution.":[206],"propose":[208],"should":[211],"be":[212],"analyzed":[213],"at":[214],"three":[215],"levels:":[216],"structure":[218],"options,":[221],"process":[223],"selection":[226,232,283],"occurs,":[227],"consequences":[230],"opens":[233],"closes.":[235],"The":[236],"ethical":[237],"significance":[238],"such":[240],"choices":[241],"their":[244],"effects":[245],"future":[247,300],"capacity,":[248],"reversibility,":[249],"relational":[252],"chooser":[257],"continues":[258],"exist.":[260],"This":[261],"account":[262],"preserves":[263],"distinction":[265],"reason,":[276],"explaining":[278],"why":[279],"apparently":[281],"insignificant":[282],"may":[284],"acquire":[285],"importance":[286],"its":[288],"subsequent":[289],"consequences.":[290],"Keywords:":[291],"choice;":[292],"indifference;":[293],"reasons;":[294],"agency;":[295],"continuance;":[297],"reconfigurative":[298],"capacity;":[299],"possibility;":[301],"importance;deliberation;":[302],"freedom":[303]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}