{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224256579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771936","title":"Mercury as Medicine Historical Therapeutics, Patient Experience, and Toxicological Interpretation from the Seventeenth Through Nineteenth Centuries","display_name":"Mercury as Medicine Historical Therapeutics, Patient Experience, and Toxicological Interpretation from the Seventeenth Through Nineteenth Centuries","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224256579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771936"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23771936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771936","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771936","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016287655","display_name":"Judy Staveley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dr. Judy Staveley","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016287655"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98302004,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12324","display_name":"History of Medicine Studies","score":0.3801000118255615,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12324","display_name":"History of Medicine Studies","score":0.3801000118255615,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.21449999511241913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14199","display_name":"Historical and Scientific Studies","score":0.11490000039339066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mercury","display_name":"mercury","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calomel","display_name":"calomel","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syphilis-treatment","display_name":"syphilis treatment","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-medicine","display_name":"history of medicine","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mercury-poisoning","display_name":"mercury toxicity","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benjamin-rush","display_name":"Benjamin Rush","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-experience","display_name":"patient experience","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-ethics","display_name":"medical ethics","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidence-based-medicine","display_name":"evidence-based medicine","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-safety","display_name":"patient safety","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.7139999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777777548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206040","display_name":"Mercury (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6718999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.5655999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.5655999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020000205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412849","display_name":"Narrative review","level":2,"score":0.5109000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992790187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145106","display_name":"Historical record","level":3,"score":0.4724000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72636640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380274","display_name":"History of medicine","level":2,"score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5977147","display_name":"Medical literature","level":2,"score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993312423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medical practice","level":2,"score":0.42489999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.42089998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95124753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875686","display_name":"Environmental ethics","level":1,"score":0.3986000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139228662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5155640","display_name":"Comparative historical research","level":2,"score":0.3702000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779974597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28448986","display_name":"Clinical Practice","level":2,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85659524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201486","display_name":"History of science","level":2,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985722590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medical knowledge","level":2,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C531593650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7167","display_name":"Colonialism","level":2,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020610715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medical science","level":2,"score":0.30399999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124056412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3320364","display_name":"Scientific evidence","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206179267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188952","display_name":"Medical history","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195732255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q981008","display_name":"Sociology of scientific knowledge","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778234491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408089","display_name":"Mercury poisoning","level":3,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993225197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201486","display_name":"Science history","level":3,"score":0.25679999589920044}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23771936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771936","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23771937","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771937","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23771936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771936","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23771936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2566065096","https://openalex.org/W4245134160","https://openalex.org/W2020299318","https://openalex.org/W4410550879","https://openalex.org/W4221126987","https://openalex.org/W58539142","https://openalex.org/W2478360193","https://openalex.org/W2021863854","https://openalex.org/W2073623636","https://openalex.org/W6967460326"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mercury":[0],"as":[1,157,296],"Medicine:":[2],"Historical":[3,24,270],"Therapeutics,":[4],"Patient":[5],"Experience,":[6],"and":[7,29,58,76,89,116,123,135,151,179,181,208,230,262],"Toxicological":[8],"Interpretation":[9],"from":[10,45,218,237],"the":[11,36,46,68,80,85,90,97,106,121,139,197,225,231,250,253],"Seventeenth":[12],"Through":[13],"Nineteenth":[14],"Centuries":[15],"Author:":[16],"Dr.":[17],"Judy":[18],"StaveleyPublication":[19],"Date:":[20],"October":[21],"2026Research":[22],"Type:":[23],"Narrative":[25],"Review,":[26],"Medical":[27,284],"History,":[28],"Toxicology":[30],"This":[31],"scholarly":[32,292],"narrative":[33,293],"review":[34,63,194,251,294],"examines":[35,141],"historical":[37,52,130,191,200,243],"use":[38,73],"of":[39,70,82,92,108,125,159,199,210,227,233,256,265,273],"mercury":[40,94,126,167,203,211],"compounds":[41],"in":[42,67,74],"medical":[43,56,110,133,216,228,244],"practice":[44],"seventeenth":[47],"through":[48],"nineteenth":[49,99],"centuries,":[50],"integrating":[51],"therapeutic":[53,118,160,239,266],"traditions,":[54],"primary":[55,132],"literature,":[57,138],"contemporary":[59,247],"toxicological":[60,137,248],"research.":[61],"The":[62,193],"explores":[64],"mercury's":[65,172],"role":[66],"treatment":[69],"syphilis,":[71],"its":[72],"colonial":[75],"Revolutionary":[77],"American":[78,87,280],"medicine,":[79,259],"administration":[81,204],"calomel":[83],"during":[84,96],"early":[86],"republic,":[88],"emergence":[91],"intravenous":[93],"therapies":[95],"late":[98],"century.":[100],"Particular":[101],"attention":[102],"is":[103],"given":[104],"to":[105],"influence":[107],"prevailing":[109],"theories,":[111],"physician":[112],"observations,":[113],"patient":[114,260],"experiences,":[115],"limited":[117],"alternatives":[119],"on":[120],"acceptance":[122],"persistence":[124],"treatments.":[127],"Drawing":[128],"upon":[129],"scholarship,":[131],"documents,":[134],"modern":[136],"analysis":[140],"how":[142],"observable":[143],"physiological":[144],"responses,":[145],"including":[146],"excessive":[147],"salivation,":[148],"gastrointestinal":[149],"disturbances,":[150],"oral":[152],"inflammation,":[153],"were":[154],"sometimes":[155],"interpreted":[156],"evidence":[158,201,257],"effectiveness":[161],"despite":[162],"their":[163],"potential":[164],"association":[165],"with":[166,174,246],"toxicity.":[168],"Contemporary":[169],"research":[170,223],"concerning":[171,202],"interactions":[173],"cellular":[175],"proteins,":[176],"oxidative":[177],"stress,":[178],"neurological":[180],"renal":[182],"effects":[183],"provides":[184],"a":[185,297],"scientific":[186],"framework":[187],"for":[188],"reassessing":[189],"these":[190],"practices.":[192],"also":[195],"evaluates":[196],"limitations":[198],"aboard":[205],"pirate":[206],"vessels":[207],"claims":[209],"induced":[212],"euphoria,":[213],"distinguishing":[214,234],"documented":[215],"practices":[217,245],"unsupported":[219],"generalizations.":[220],"Ultimately,":[221],"this":[222],"highlights":[224],"evolution":[226],"knowledge":[229],"importance":[232],"pharmacological":[235],"activity":[236],"demonstrated":[238],"benefit.":[240],"By":[241],"connecting":[242],"understanding,":[249],"emphasizes":[252],"continuing":[254],"significance":[255],"based":[258],"safety,":[261],"critical":[263],"evaluation":[264],"interventions.":[267],"Keywords:":[268],"Mercury,":[269],"Toxicology,":[271],"History":[272],"Medicine,":[274,278,281],"Syphilis,":[275],"Calomel,":[276],"Maritime":[277],"Colonial":[279],"Benjamin":[282],"Rush,":[283],"Ethics,":[285],"Evidence":[286],"Based":[287],"Medicine.":[288],"Publication":[289],"Status:":[290],"Independent":[291],"released":[295],"non":[298],"peer":[299],"reviewed":[300],"preprint.":[301]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}