{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224228097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0","title":"Spatiotemporal LULC transformation and its association with urban heat island amplification in Hyderabad city using machine learning","display_name":"Spatiotemporal LULC transformation and its association with urban heat island amplification in Hyderabad city using machine learning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224228097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407121739","display_name":"Discover Earth Observation","issn_l":"3120-4937","issn":["3120-4937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Earth Observation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160146427","display_name":"Mattam Rajesh Babu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114724429","display_name":"Central University of Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/02kknsa06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattam Rajesh Babu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001809691","display_name":"Prosenjit Barman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8820-5953","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8820-5953"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114724429","display_name":"Central University of Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/02kknsa06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prosenjit Barman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8820-5953","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041136371","display_name":"Sk. Mustak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-383X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-383X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114724429","display_name":"Central University of Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/02kknsa06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sk. Mustak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1142-383X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012462626","display_name":"Pulak Barman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0729-8607","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0729-8607"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114724429","display_name":"Central University of Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/02kknsa06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pulak Barman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0729-8607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056761709","display_name":"P. M. Mitra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3972-4014","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3972-4014"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114724429","display_name":"Central University of Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/02kknsa06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pritam Mitra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3972-4014","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012290128","display_name":"Anika Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1462-6159","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1462-6159","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6704-1761"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114724429","display_name":"Central University of Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/02kknsa06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amol Kumar Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1462-6159","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India, 151401","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041136371"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114724429"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73401239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-heat-island","display_name":"urban heat island","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-and-land-cover-change","display_name":"land use and land cover change","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-surface-temperature","display_name":"land surface temperature","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-expansion","display_name":"urban expansion","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hot-spots","display_name":"hot spots","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-bodies","display_name":"water bodies","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"NDVI","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-climate-resilience","display_name":"urban climate resilience","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyderabad","display_name":"Hyderabad","score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-cities","display_name":"tropical cities","score":0.6430000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.6972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54005896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215712","display_name":"Urban heat island","level":2,"score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146481406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105131","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5863999724388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.5805000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.5769000053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.48539999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4388999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.41260001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.3961000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.39419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.3756999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.3409999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3285999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983732647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187997","display_name":"Vegetation cover","level":3,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778368647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702492","display_name":"Urban area","level":2,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42683663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3517834","display_name":"Mean radiant temperature","level":3,"score":0.296099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983363897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845339","display_name":"Air temperature","level":2,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127040729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174844","display_name":"Megacity","level":2,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2668921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434713","display_name":"Impervious surface","level":2,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45804977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239673","display_name":"Predictive modelling","level":2,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407121739","display_name":"Discover Earth Observation","issn_l":"3120-4937","issn":["3120-4937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Earth Observation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44572-026-00001-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407121739","display_name":"Discover Earth Observation","issn_l":"3120-4937","issn":["3120-4937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Earth Observation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"score":0.821399986743927,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332183","display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224228097.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224228097.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967431314","https://openalex.org/W2004776481","https://openalex.org/W2011104507","https://openalex.org/W2029316659","https://openalex.org/W2029644890","https://openalex.org/W2032367939","https://openalex.org/W2073201099","https://openalex.org/W2077542632","https://openalex.org/W2153820558","https://openalex.org/W2730039850","https://openalex.org/W2789387377","https://openalex.org/W2804333534","https://openalex.org/W2913773187","https://openalex.org/W2915834564","https://openalex.org/W2999561773","https://openalex.org/W3004180350","https://openalex.org/W3007627257","https://openalex.org/W3014372673","https://openalex.org/W3026098904","https://openalex.org/W3080473811","https://openalex.org/W3080762129","https://openalex.org/W3119186056","https://openalex.org/W3126474041","https://openalex.org/W3126515081","https://openalex.org/W3148565916","https://openalex.org/W3156394351","https://openalex.org/W3173269983","https://openalex.org/W3177102266","https://openalex.org/W3193359956","https://openalex.org/W4200264081","https://openalex.org/W4206190750","https://openalex.org/W4210255982","https://openalex.org/W4213192812","https://openalex.org/W4235654626","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4313480647","https://openalex.org/W4322500521","https://openalex.org/W4322767894","https://openalex.org/W4383374181","https://openalex.org/W4383911279","https://openalex.org/W4386003691","https://openalex.org/W4390063429","https://openalex.org/W4392151274","https://openalex.org/W4394012398","https://openalex.org/W4405329989","https://openalex.org/W4406076026","https://openalex.org/W4409909015","https://openalex.org/W4413638415","https://openalex.org/W4414491237","https://openalex.org/W4415015277","https://openalex.org/W4416055477","https://openalex.org/W6889653595","https://openalex.org/W7116677934","https://openalex.org/W7131783576","https://openalex.org/W7160843798"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7140105711","https://openalex.org/W4313437915","https://openalex.org/W4389128845","https://openalex.org/W4417468287","https://openalex.org/W4210994343","https://openalex.org/W4298088107","https://openalex.org/W4411128406","https://openalex.org/W4402941475","https://openalex.org/W7127361883","https://openalex.org/W4391569500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hyderabad":[0,87,244],"has":[1],"experienced":[2],"rapid":[3],"urban":[4,21,122,147,269,302],"expansion":[5],"during":[6],"the":[7,116,131,157,183,195,201,249,260,284],"last":[8],"two":[9],"decades,":[10],"resulting":[11],"in":[12,86,121,136,243,259,296],"substantial":[13],"land":[14,81],"use/land":[15],"cover":[16],"(LULC)":[17],"transformation":[18],"and":[19,68,77,80,92,100,108,126,130,173,229,292,300],"increasing":[20],"heat":[22],"island":[23],"intensity.":[24],"However,":[25],"comprehensive":[26],"assessments":[27],"integrating":[28],"long-term":[29,256],"predictive":[30,69,257],"modelling":[31,70,190,258],"with":[32,236,255],"high-confidence":[33],"hotspot":[34,62,253],"identification":[35],"remain":[36],"scarce":[37],"for":[38,191],"rapidly":[39],"growing":[40],"tropical":[41],"cities.":[42],"Therefore,":[43],"this":[44],"study":[45,247],"introduces":[46],"a":[47,272],"novel":[48],"multi-method":[49],"approach":[50],"combining":[51],"machine":[52],"learning":[53],"algorithm":[54],"(Support":[55],"Vector":[56],"Machine),":[57],"geospatial":[58],"statistics":[59],"(Getis-Ord":[60],"GI":[61],"analysis":[63,144,254],"at":[64],"99%":[65],"confidence":[66],"level),":[67],"(ANN-MLP":[71],"using":[72],"MOLUSCE":[73],"plugin)":[74],"to":[75,104,251,268,286],"assess":[76],"forecast":[78],"LULC":[79],"surface":[82],"temperature":[83,118,133,196],"(LST)":[84],"dynamics":[85],"city.":[88],"Landsat":[89,93],"5":[90],"TM":[91],"8":[94],"OLI/TIRS":[95],"data":[96],"of":[97,161,197,217,262,275],"2001,":[98],"2011,":[99],"2021":[101],"were":[102,234],"used":[103],"quantify":[105],"LST":[106,238],"variations":[107],"identify":[109],"persistent":[110],"hotspots.":[111],"The":[112,140,188],"results":[113],"indicate":[114],"that":[115,146,194],"highest":[117],"is":[119,134,156,248],"observed":[120,135],"built-up":[123,148,218,241],"areas":[124,242],"(35.93\u00baC)":[125],"open":[127,221],"spaces":[128],"(37.25\u00baC)":[129],"lowest":[132],"water":[137,164,225,288],"bodies":[138,165,226],"(17.99\u00baC).":[139],"multiple":[141],"linear":[142],"regression":[143],"shows":[145],"fraction":[149],"(\u03b2":[150,166,175],"=":[151,167,176],"0.58,":[152],"p":[153,170,179],"<":[154,171,180],"0.001)":[155,172,181],"strongest":[158],"positive":[159],"driver":[160],"LST,":[162],"while":[163],"\u2212":[168,177],"0.44,":[169],"NDVI":[174],"0.53,":[178],"have":[182],"most":[184],"significant":[185],"cooling":[186],"effects.":[187],"predicted":[189],"2030":[192],"showed":[193],"between":[198],"37\u201340\u00b0C":[199],"covered":[200],"largest":[202],"area":[203],"(10,065":[204],"hectares)":[205,211,228,233],"followed":[206],"by":[207,213],"34\u201337":[208],"\u00b0C":[209],"(6,994":[210],"influenced":[212],"urbanization":[214],"(7,876":[215],"hectares":[216],"area).":[219],"Also,":[220],"space":[222],"(1,959":[223],"hectares),":[224],"(0.72":[227],"aquatic":[230],"vegetation":[231],"(2.34":[232],"associated":[235],"lower":[237],"values":[239],"than":[240],"City.":[245],"This":[246],"first":[250],"combine":[252],"city":[261],"Hyderabad,":[263],"thus":[264],"offering":[265],"actionable":[266],"insights":[267],"planners":[270],"through":[271],"scenario-based":[273],"assessment":[274],"future":[276],"thermal":[277],"conditions.":[278],"Findings":[279],"such":[280],"as":[281],"these":[282],"highlight":[283],"need":[285],"incorporate":[287],"bodies,":[289],"green":[290],"spaces,":[291],"sustainable":[293],"land-use":[294],"planning":[295],"mitigating":[297],"UHI":[298],"effects":[299],"improving":[301],"climate":[303],"resilience.":[304]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-30T00:00:00"}
