{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224136147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736302","title":"AI-Based Detection of Dark Patterns in Web Interfaces","display_name":"AI-Based Detection of Dark Patterns in Web Interfaces","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224136147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736302"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736302","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736302","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125732027","display_name":"Diksha Pawar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256592","display_name":"Shivnagar Vidya Prasarak Mandal Institute of Technology and Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04b4vdm84","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256592"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Diksha Pawar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shivnagar Vidya Prasarak Mandal Institute of Technology and Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shivnagar Vidya Prasarak Mandal Institute of Technology and Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256592"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125732027"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256592"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.23970000445842743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.23970000445842743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.17100000381469727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.10939999669790268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-patterns","display_name":"dark patterns","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-agents","display_name":"web agents","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-analysis","display_name":"multimodal analysis","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explainable-ai","display_name":"explainable AI","score":0.8650000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5131999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21959979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36774","display_name":"Web page","level":2,"score":0.49950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4796000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.42340001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.4156000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41280001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3993000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3603000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778813691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369832","display_name":"Purchasing","level":2,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3057999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118643609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189210","display_name":"Web application","level":2,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174252522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3816772","display_name":"Natural language user interface","level":3,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65603577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3427877","display_name":"Web resource","level":2,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.25870001316070557}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736302","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736303","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23736302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736302","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23736302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7212406062","https://openalex.org/W7131320120","https://openalex.org/W7153708342","https://openalex.org/W7222493994","https://openalex.org/W7223416398","https://openalex.org/W4407793782","https://openalex.org/W7168257859","https://openalex.org/W7223413880","https://openalex.org/W4409732945","https://openalex.org/W7117717332"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"-":[1],"Dark":[2,171],"patterns":[3],"are":[4,128,143],"deceptive":[5,44,96],"interface":[6],"designs":[7],"that":[8,108],"influence":[9],"users":[10],"to":[11,42,95,133],"make":[12],"decisions":[13],"they":[14],"may":[15,40],"not":[16,152],"otherwise":[17],"choose,":[18],"such":[19],"as":[20],"accepting":[21],"unwanted":[22],"tracking,":[23],"purchasing":[24],"additional":[25],"products,":[26],"or":[27,155],"facing":[28],"difficulties":[29],"while":[30],"cancelling":[31],"subscriptions.":[32],"Traditional":[33],"manual":[34],"auditing":[35],"and":[36,52,72,85,116,123,130,140,150,167],"single-technique":[37],"detection":[38,84],"methods":[39],"fail":[41],"identify":[43],"cues":[45],"distributed":[46],"across":[47],"webpage":[48,110],"text,":[49],"visual":[50,117],"layouts,":[51],"interaction":[53],"context.":[54],"Artificial":[55,173],"Intelligence":[56],"(AI)":[57],"offers":[58],"potential":[59],"solutions":[60],"through":[61],"Machine":[62,175],"Learning":[63],"(ML),":[64],"Natural":[65,177],"Language":[66,90,178],"Processing":[67],"(NLP),":[68],"Computer":[69,180],"Vision":[70],"(CV),":[71],"multimodal":[73],"analysis.":[74],"This":[75],"paper":[76],"reviews":[77],"selected":[78],"research":[79,101],"on":[80,99],"AI-based":[81],"dark":[82],"pattern":[83,119],"the":[86],"susceptibility":[87],"of":[88],"Large":[89],"Model":[91],"(LLM)-based":[92],"web":[93],"agents":[94],"interfaces.":[97],"Based":[98],"these":[100],"directions,":[102],"a":[103],"conceptual":[104,149],"framework":[105,147],"is":[106,148],"proposed":[107,146],"combines":[109],"data":[111],"collection,":[112],"feature":[113],"extraction,":[114],"textual":[115],"analysis,":[118],"classification,":[120],"explanation":[121],"generation,":[122],"human":[124],"review.":[125],"Existing":[126],"approaches":[127],"compared,":[129],"challenges":[131],"related":[132],"dataset":[134],"quality,":[135],"generalisation,":[136],"false":[137],"predictions,":[138],"explainability,":[139],"computational":[141],"cost":[142],"discussed.":[144],"The":[145],"has":[151],"been":[153],"implemented":[154],"experimentally":[156],"validated.":[157],"Future":[158],"work":[159],"should":[160],"evaluate":[161],"its":[162],"effectiveness":[163],"using":[164],"diverse":[165],"datasets":[166],"reproducible":[168],"experiments.Key":[169],"Words:":[170],"Patterns,":[172],"Intelligence,":[174],"Learning,":[176],"Processing,":[179],"Vision,":[181],"Multimodal":[182],"AI,":[183,185],"Explainable":[184],"Web":[186],"Agent":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}
