{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224136111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410","title":"Exploring the statistical fragility of creativity studies using the alternate uses task","display_name":"Exploring the statistical fragility of creativity studies using the alternate uses task","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224136111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871187126002853/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42886211","display_name":"Thinking Skills and Creativity","issn_l":"1871-1871","issn":["1871-1871","1878-0423"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thinking Skills and Creativity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871187126002853/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090881808","display_name":"Vikram Arora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4268-475X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4268-475X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vikram Arora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada","Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094180672","display_name":"Adam Sutoski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9629-1189","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9629-1189"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Sutoski","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9629-1189","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121454366","display_name":"Joelle Boilard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joelle Boilard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018905891","display_name":"Jonathan Vasilyev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9971-6779","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9971-6779"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Vasilyev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9971-6779","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037730022","display_name":"Kim Madden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-9636","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-9636"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801259263","display_name":"McMaster University Medical Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05jyrng31","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801259263","https://openalex.org/I76442945"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim Madden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-9636","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801259263"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051649028","display_name":"Mohit Bhandari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0948-637X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0948-637X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801259263","display_name":"McMaster University Medical Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05jyrng31","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801259263","https://openalex.org/I76442945"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohit Bhandari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada","Department of Surgery, McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801259263"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069052479","display_name":"Alex Thabane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1516-9584","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1516-9584"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alex Thabane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069052479"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"],"apc_list":{"value":3730,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3730},"apc_paid":{"value":3730,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3730},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88291403,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"102410","last_page":"102410"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11079","display_name":"Creativity in Education and Neuroscience","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11079","display_name":"Creativity in Education and Neuroscience","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11577","display_name":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creativity-research","display_name":"creativity research","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternative-uses-task","display_name":"alternative uses task","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-fragility","display_name":"statistical fragility","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication","display_name":"replication","score":0.3409999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creativity-assessment","display_name":"creativity assessment","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergent-thinking","display_name":"divergent thinking","score":0.5249999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.7669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80191262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5477668","display_name":"Fragility","level":2,"score":0.7523000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7386999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.690500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5857999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.4050999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3057999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3037000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982736386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Statistical learning","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993259228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3320364","display_name":"Statistical evidence","level":3,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871187126002853/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42886211","display_name":"Thinking Skills and Creativity","issn_l":"1871-1871","issn":["1871-1871","1878-0423"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thinking Skills and Creativity","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2026.102410","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871187126002853/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42886211","display_name":"Thinking Skills and Creativity","issn_l":"1871-1871","issn":["1871-1871","1878-0423"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thinking Skills and Creativity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224136111.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224136111.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1586322074","https://openalex.org/W1897139626","https://openalex.org/W1994588022","https://openalex.org/W2008706768","https://openalex.org/W2024086275","https://openalex.org/W2037698344","https://openalex.org/W2054747465","https://openalex.org/W2059176211","https://openalex.org/W2059348534","https://openalex.org/W2060213942","https://openalex.org/W2068241507","https://openalex.org/W2075418882","https://openalex.org/W2086616524","https://openalex.org/W2105824687","https://openalex.org/W2152141199","https://openalex.org/W2161498332","https://openalex.org/W2164957370","https://openalex.org/W2170892587","https://openalex.org/W2171960331","https://openalex.org/W2276186231","https://openalex.org/W2293040502","https://openalex.org/W2521045763","https://openalex.org/W2531269403","https://openalex.org/W2560352594","https://openalex.org/W2610765860","https://openalex.org/W2788930055","https://openalex.org/W2801686790","https://openalex.org/W2903180603","https://openalex.org/W2908149518","https://openalex.org/W2917651092","https://openalex.org/W2924950986","https://openalex.org/W2938752664","https://openalex.org/W2970684805","https://openalex.org/W3025292620","https://openalex.org/W3082756286","https://openalex.org/W3087936928","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3135557949","https://openalex.org/W3193585774","https://openalex.org/W4207050572","https://openalex.org/W4220867839","https://openalex.org/W4221027367","https://openalex.org/W4281381703","https://openalex.org/W4294301096","https://openalex.org/W4297458029","https://openalex.org/W4307992961","https://openalex.org/W4379259024","https://openalex.org/W4389194447","https://openalex.org/W4393063083","https://openalex.org/W4395692418","https://openalex.org/W4404969768","https://openalex.org/W4405894238","https://openalex.org/W4411011595","https://openalex.org/W4414898937","https://openalex.org/W4415439014"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2911815835","https://openalex.org/W2987233435","https://openalex.org/W2802370565","https://openalex.org/W4414898937","https://openalex.org/W3161104550","https://openalex.org/W2418339840","https://openalex.org/W4236714035","https://openalex.org/W7065679145","https://openalex.org/W6925252334","https://openalex.org/W2283078861"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,129,194],"Alternate":[1],"Uses":[2],"Task":[3],"(AUT)":[4],"is":[5],"the":[6,15,32,38,42,112,126,153,229],"most":[7],"widely":[8],"used":[9],"measure":[10],"of":[11,17,35,108,114,141,157,166,172,196,232],"divergent":[12],"thinking,":[13],"yet":[14],"robustness":[16,227],"significant":[18,61,91,155],"AUT":[19,39,92,197,220],"findings":[20],"has":[21],"not":[22,175,183],"been":[23],"systematically":[24,68],"examined.":[25],"This":[26],"systematic":[27],"review":[28],"sought":[29],"to":[30,57,64,77,105,201],"quantify":[31],"statistical":[33,213,224],"fragility":[34,195],"studies":[36,82,119,190,198],"using":[37],"by":[40,210],"calculating":[41],"Continuous":[43],"Fragility":[44],"Index":[45],"(CFI),":[46],"a":[47,60,84,89,137],"metric":[48],"that":[49,149],"estimates":[50],"how":[51],"many":[52],"data":[53],"points":[54],"would":[55],"need":[56],"change":[58],"for":[59,81],"continuous":[62],"outcome":[63],"become":[65],"non-significant.":[66],"We":[67,94],"searched":[69],"Medline,":[70],"Embase,":[71],"PsycInfo,":[72],"and":[73,87,110,170,188,204,228],"ERIC":[74],"from":[75],"inception":[76],"July":[78],"21,":[79],"2025":[80],"employing":[83],"two-group":[85],"design":[86],"reporting":[88],"statistically":[90],"outcome.":[93],"summarized":[95],"median":[96,130,138],"CFI":[97,131,158,179],"values":[98,180],"across":[99],"study-level":[100],"subgroups,":[101],"performed":[102],"multivariable":[103,146],"regression":[104,147],"examine":[106],"predictors":[107],"CFI,":[109],"analyzed":[111],"effect":[113],"randomization":[115],"on":[116],"CFI.":[117,178],"Sixty-nine":[118],"met":[120],"inclusion":[121],"criteria":[122],"were":[123,174],"included":[124],"in":[125],"quantitative":[127],"analysis.":[128],"was":[132,152],"6.8":[133],"(IQR":[134,143],"3.4-14.6),":[135],"with":[136,177],"sample":[139,150,217],"size":[140,151],"67":[142],"48-120).":[144],"Our":[145],"found":[148],"only":[154],"predictor":[156],"(":[159,191],"p":[160,192],"=0.001);":[161],"journal":[162],"impact":[163],"factor,":[164],"year":[165],"publication,":[167],"citation":[168],"count,":[169],"risk":[171],"bias":[173],"associated":[176],"also":[181],"did":[182],"differ":[184],"significantly":[185],"between":[186],"randomized":[187],"non-randomized":[189],"=0.669).":[193],"are":[199],"comparable":[200],"other":[202],"fields":[203],"could":[205],"be":[206],"made":[207],"less":[208],"fragile":[209],"ensuring":[211],"adequate":[212],"power":[214],"through":[215],"larger":[216],"sizes.":[218],"Future":[219],"research":[221],"should":[222],"interpret":[223],"significance":[225],"alongside":[226],"practical":[230],"importance":[231],"between-group":[233],"differences.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}