{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224115496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","title":"Pretreatment HIV-1 drug resistance, genetic diversity, and molecular transmission networks among individuals initiating antiretroviral therapy in Luzhou, China","display_name":"Pretreatment HIV-1 drug resistance, genetic diversity, and molecular transmission networks among individuals initiating antiretroviral therapy in Luzhou, China","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224115496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171015910","display_name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"1471-2334","issn":["1471-2334"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5143812382","display_name":"\u4e3d\u5a1f \u5218","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086248","display_name":"Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0014a0n68","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lijuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","Department of Tuberculosis, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tuberculosis, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160039568","display_name":"Chuanzhi Zou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3017480383","display_name":"Southwest Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2rqs52","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3017480383"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanzhi Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3017480383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058709082","display_name":"\u4e8e\u660e","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Luzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Luzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160056594","display_name":"Hong Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Luzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Luzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160048583","display_name":"Yue Guan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Luzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Luzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160053632","display_name":"Hang Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Luzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Luzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Luzhou, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123408068","display_name":"Xin He","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086248","display_name":"Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0014a0n68","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","Department of Tuberculosis, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tuberculosis, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159997716","display_name":"Chunli Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086248","display_name":"Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0014a0n68","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunli Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","Department of Tuberculosis, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tuberculosis, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128248021","display_name":"Fuli Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086248","display_name":"Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0014a0n68","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fuli Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","Department of Tuberculosis, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tuberculosis, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086248"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160016083","display_name":"Song Fan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3017480383","display_name":"Southwest Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2rqs52","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3017480383"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Song Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3017480383"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5128248021","https://openalex.org/A5160016083"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3017480383","https://openalex.org/I4210086248"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8397382,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.9042999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.9042999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.05260000005364418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.029100000858306885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1","display_name":"HIV-1","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pretreatment-drug-resistance","display_name":"pretreatment drug resistance","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-diversity","display_name":"genetic diversity","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-transmission-network","display_name":"molecular transmission network","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiretroviral-therapy-initiation","display_name":"antiretroviral therapy initiation","score":0.949999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190139176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598976","display_name":"Medical microbiology","level":2,"score":0.7218000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6865000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190612196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180502","display_name":"Parasitology","level":2,"score":0.6373000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993143319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583050","display_name":"Antiretroviral therapy","level":4,"score":0.5964999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.511900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.4699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.4487000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185032368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365243","display_name":"Tropical medicine","level":2,"score":0.42089998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500440147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701216","display_name":"Pharmacotherapy","level":2,"score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4050999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3653999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018457394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583050","display_name":"Antiretroviral drug","level":5,"score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142462285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528140","display_name":"Viral load","level":3,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97669555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118435","display_name":"Molecular epidemiology","level":4,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170734499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152227","display_name":"Pharmacogenomics","level":2,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55775858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152227","display_name":"Pharmacogenetics","level":4,"score":0.2915000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114851261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147416","display_name":"Drug resistance","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31467283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912147","display_name":"Genotyping","level":4,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779690655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374232","display_name":"Lentivirus","level":4,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171015910","display_name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"1471-2334","issn":["1471-2334"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-026-14736-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171015910","display_name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"1471-2334","issn":["1471-2334"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3147644124","https://openalex.org/W6958538626","https://openalex.org/W4296251708","https://openalex.org/W2990180629","https://openalex.org/W6958073591","https://openalex.org/W3027276545","https://openalex.org/W7125419395","https://openalex.org/W7096260598","https://openalex.org/W6958394507","https://openalex.org/W3199617435"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pretreatment":[0,122],"drug":[1,123,141,161],"resistance":[2,77,87,92,124,133,142,162,385],"(PDR)":[3,125],"may":[4,394],"reduce":[5],"the":[6,68,81,127,157,235,240,296,374],"effectiveness":[7],"of":[8,67,114,184,348,397],"initial":[9,399],"antiretroviral":[10,97,151],"therapy":[11],"(ART),":[12],"but":[13,373],"contemporary":[14],"data":[15,376],"from":[16,54],"Luzhou,":[17],"southwestern":[18],"China,":[19],"are":[20],"limited.":[21],"This":[22],"study":[23],"characterized":[24],"HIV-1":[25,45],"genetic":[26,188],"diversity,":[27],"PDR,":[28,354],"and":[29,51,64,197,227,247,259,270,287,334,387],"molecular":[30,100],"clustering":[31],"among":[32],"individuals":[33,43],"initiating":[34,49],"ART":[35,50],"in":[36,267,284,292,300,314,360],"Luzhou.":[37],"In":[38,295],"this":[39,361],"cross-sectional":[40],"study,":[41],"550":[42],"with":[44,176,344],"infection":[46,336],"who":[47],"were":[48,52,60,71,116,190,342,352],"diagnosed":[53],"March":[55],"2024":[56],"through":[57],"February":[58],"2025":[59],"included.":[61],"Protease,":[62],"reverse-transcriptase,":[63],"integrase":[65,230],"regions":[66],"pol":[69],"gene":[70],"sequenced":[72],"by":[73],"Sanger":[74],"sequencing.":[75],"Drug":[76,84],"was":[78,88,102,126,166,204,209,243,358],"interpreted":[79],"using":[80,104,118],"Stanford":[82],"HIV":[83],"Resistance":[85],"Database;":[86],"defined":[89,130],"as":[90,131,181],"low-level":[91,132],"or":[93,134],"higher":[94,135,345],"for":[95,174,211,217,223,229,250],"any":[96],"drug.":[98],"A":[99],"network":[101,253],"constructed":[103],"Tamura-Nei":[105],"93":[106],"pairwise":[107],"distances":[108],"at":[109],"a":[110,182,280,288],"1.5%":[111],"threshold.":[112],"Correlates":[113],"PDR":[115,202],"assessed":[117],"binary":[119],"logistic":[120],"regression.":[121],"primary":[128],"outcome,":[129],"(Stanford":[136],"score":[137],"\u2265":[138,326],"15).":[139],"Transmitted":[140],"(TDR)":[143],"could":[144,153],"not":[145,154,180,379],"be":[146,155],"directly":[147],"measured":[148],"because":[149],"prior":[150],"exposure":[152],"excluded;":[156],"WHO":[158,177,236],"2009":[159,237],"surveillance":[160,178,386],"mutation":[163],"(SDRM)":[164],"list":[165],"therefore":[167],"used":[168],"only":[169],"to":[170,389],"derive":[171],"SDRM-based":[172,241],"prevalence":[173,203,208,242],"comparison":[175],"thresholds,":[179],"measure":[183],"TDR.":[185],"The":[186,252,364],"predominant":[187],"forms":[189],"CRF08_BC":[191,290,335],"(179/550,":[192],"32.55%),":[193],"CRF07_BC":[194,282],"(178/550,":[195],"32.36%),":[196],"CRF01_AE":[198],"(150/550,":[199],"27.27%).":[200],"Overall":[201],"16.73%":[205],"(92/550);":[206],"class-specific":[207],"13.09%":[210],"non-nucleoside":[212],"reverse-transcriptase":[213,219],"inhibitors":[214,220,225,232],"(NNRTIs),":[215],"2.00%":[216],"nucleoside":[218],"(NRTIs),":[221],"1.64%":[222],"protease":[224],"(PIs),":[226],"0.91%":[228],"strand-transfer":[231],"(INSTIs).":[233],"By":[234],"SDRM":[238],"definition,":[239],"11.27%":[244],"(62/550)":[245],"overall":[246],"8.91%":[248],"(49/550)":[249],"NNRTIs.":[251],"contained":[254],"224":[255],"participants,":[256],"302":[257],"links,":[258],"71":[260],"connected":[261],"components.":[262],"Forty-five(45)":[263],"resistant":[264],"participants":[265,274],"occurred":[266],"22":[268],"components,":[269],"five":[271],"(5)":[272],"PI-resistant":[273,367],"formed":[275],"two":[276],"(2)":[277],"complete":[278],"components:":[279],"three-participant":[281],"component":[283,291],"Longmatan":[285],"District":[286,316],"two-participant":[289],"Xuyong":[293],"County.":[294],"multivariable":[297],"model,":[298],"residence":[299,313],"Gulin":[301],"County":[302],"(adjusted":[303],"odds":[304,347],"ratio":[305],"[aOR],":[306],"3.137;":[307],"95%":[308,319,331,339],"confidence":[309],"interval":[310],"[CI],":[311],"1.502\u20136.552),":[312],"Naxi":[315],"(aOR,":[317,329,337],"2.576;":[318],"CI,":[320,332,340],"1.060\u20136.262),":[321],"CD4":[322],"+":[323],"T-cell":[324],"count":[325],"200":[327],"cells/\u00b5L":[328],"1.656;":[330],"1.003\u20132.734),":[333],"2.251;":[338],"1.397\u20133.626)":[341],"associated":[343],"adjusted":[346],"PDR;":[349],"these":[350],"associations":[351],"exploratory.":[353],"particularly":[355],"NNRTI":[356],"resistance,":[357],"common":[359],"municipal":[362],"cohort.":[363],"genetically":[365],"linked":[366],"components":[368],"warrant":[369],"focused":[370],"epidemiological":[371],"investigation,":[372],"sequence":[375],"alone":[377],"do":[378],"establish":[380],"direct":[381],"transmission.":[382],"Continued":[383],"local":[384],"access":[388],"baseline":[390],"genotyping":[391],"where":[392],"feasible":[393],"support":[395],"selection":[396],"effective":[398],"ART.":[400]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}