{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224112196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.37385","title":"The Clouds in the \"Middle Ages\" I. Star formation history and chemical abundances in the LMC","display_name":"The Clouds in the \"Middle Ages\" I. Star formation history and chemical abundances in the LMC","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224112196","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.37385"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.37385","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37385","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.37385","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.37385","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160010089","display_name":"Mathias Schultheis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799713863","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03mrbr458","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113427","display_name":"Lagrange Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02fdv8735","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210113427","https://openalex.org/I4210126779","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126779","display_name":"Observatoire de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur","ror":"https://ror.org/039fj2469","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210126779"]}],"countries":["DE","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Schultheis, Mathias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik Potsdam , An der Sternwarte 16 , D-14482 Potsdam , Germany","Universit\u00e9 de la C\u00f4te d'Azur , Observatoire de la C\u00f4te d'Azur , Laboratoire Lagrange , CNRS , Blvd de l'Observatoire , 06304 Nice , France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik Potsdam , An der Sternwarte 16 , D-14482 Potsdam , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de la C\u00f4te d'Azur , Observatoire de la C\u00f4te d'Azur , Laboratoire Lagrange , CNRS , Blvd de l'Observatoire , 06304 Nice , France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210113427","https://openalex.org/I4210126779"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160062554","display_name":"Maria-Rosa L. Cioni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799713863","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03mrbr458","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cioni, Maria-Rosa L.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik Potsdam , An der Sternwarte 16 , D-14482 Potsdam , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik Potsdam , An der Sternwarte 16 , D-14482 Potsdam , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160058154","display_name":"Samuele Anoardo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","display_name":"University of Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799713863","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03mrbr458","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anoardo, Samuele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Physik und Astronomie , Universit\u00e4t Potsdam , Haus 28 , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25 , D-14476 Potsdam , Germany","Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik Potsdam , An der Sternwarte 16 , D-14482 Potsdam , Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Physik und Astronomie , Universit\u00e4t Potsdam , Haus 28 , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25 , D-14476 Potsdam , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leibniz-Institut f\u00fcr Astrophysik Potsdam , An der Sternwarte 16 , D-14482 Potsdam , Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799713863"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10477","display_name":"Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-magellanic-cloud","display_name":"Large Magellanic Cloud","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/star-formation-history","display_name":"star formation history","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymptotic-giant-branch-stars","display_name":"asymptotic giant branch stars","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-abundances","display_name":"chemical abundances","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-enrichment","display_name":"chemical enrichment","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mira-variables","display_name":"Mira variables","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-period-variables","display_name":"long-period variable stars","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/period-wesenheit-relation","display_name":"period-Wesenheit relation","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-giant-branch-stars","display_name":"red giant branch stars","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intermediate-age-populations","display_name":"intermediate-age populations","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnesium","display_name":"magnesium","score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon","display_name":"silicon","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium","display_name":"calcium","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.7821999788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6798999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150846664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306","display_name":"Stars","level":2,"score":0.630299985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181313176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50089","display_name":"Asymptotic giant branch","level":3,"score":0.6208000183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.5805000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125857072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16744","display_name":"Star formation","level":3,"score":0.5216000080108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776026716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50081","display_name":"Red giant","level":3,"score":0.5059000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3929897","display_name":"Red-giant branch","level":4,"score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5012000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.4918000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85837739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5875","display_name":"Giant star","level":3,"score":0.42640000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.40639999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778623024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436016","display_name":"Stellar population","level":4,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4839761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111","display_name":"Spectral line","level":2,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110472602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6472","display_name":"Stellar evolution","level":3,"score":0.3296999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68944897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428867","display_name":"Abundance of the chemical elements","level":3,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17352008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6243","display_name":"Variable star","level":3,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555520305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321","display_name":"Milky Way","level":3,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99465377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217030","display_name":"Metallicity","level":3,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174802034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995140","display_name":"Galaxy formation and evolution","level":3,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.37385","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37385","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.37385","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.37385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.37385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.37385","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.37385","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37385","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.37385","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224112196.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224112196.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3128329398","https://openalex.org/W3011767933","https://openalex.org/W3002242425","https://openalex.org/W3022212525","https://openalex.org/W7223098677","https://openalex.org/W4401557043","https://openalex.org/W211788379","https://openalex.org/W2796810895","https://openalex.org/W2071602892","https://openalex.org/W4241428871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,93,194],"LMC":[1,79],"is":[2,42],"a":[3,58,177,183,230,237],"benchmark":[4],"galaxy":[5,13],"for":[6,169],"studying":[7],"stellar":[8],"evolution,":[9],"chemical":[10,40,91,161,244,277],"enrichment,":[11],"and":[12,19,38,83,117,147,150,156,172,191,201,236,252,276,287],"interactions":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,73,84,109,187,261,268],"its":[17,23],"proximity":[18],"intermediate":[20],"metallicity.":[21],"While":[22],"star":[24],"formation":[25],"history":[26],"(SFH)":[27],"has":[28,64],"been":[29],"extensively":[30],"studied":[31],"using":[32,80,138],"colour-magnitude":[33],"diagram":[34],"(CMD)":[35],"fitting":[36],"techniques":[37],"the":[39,51,75,78,101,136,142,151,160,274,280],"enrichment":[41,278],"largely":[43],"based":[44],"on":[45],"red":[46],"giant":[47,53],"branch":[48,54],"(RGB)":[49],"stars,":[50,175],"asymptotic":[52],"(AGB)":[55],"population":[56,226],"-":[57,63],"key":[59],"tracer":[60],"of":[61,77,90,96,128,145,154,272,279],"intermediate-ages":[62],"received":[65],"less":[66],"attention":[67],"in":[68],"these":[69,129],"analyses.":[70],"We":[71,134],"aim":[72],"reconstruct":[74],"SFH":[76,137,219,275],"AGB":[81,98,171,265],"stars":[82,99,130,266],"study":[85],"their":[86],"reliability":[87],"as":[88],"tracers":[89,271],"abundances.":[92,193],"initial":[94],"sample":[95],"879":[97],"from":[100],"Gaia":[102],"DR3":[103],"long-period":[104],"variable":[105],"catalog":[106],"was":[107],"extended":[108],"2047":[110],"fundamental-mode":[111],"pulsators":[112],"by":[113],"applying":[114,176],"separate":[115],"O-rich":[116],"C-rich":[118],"period-Wesenheit":[119],"relations;":[120],"OGLE-III":[121],"cross-matching":[122],"then":[123],"showed":[124],"that":[125,247,283],"only":[126],"256":[127],"are":[131,289],"Mira":[132],"variables.":[133],"reconstructed":[135],"two":[139,195],"period-age":[140],"calibrations:":[141],"theoretical":[143],"relation":[144],"Trabucchi":[146],"Mowlavi":[148],"(2022)":[149],"empirical":[152],"calibration":[153,288],"Zhang":[155],"Sanders":[157],"(2023).":[158],"For":[159],"abundance":[162,180],"analysis,":[163],"we":[164,210],"used":[165],"APOGEE":[166,262],"DR17":[167,263],"spectra":[168],"296":[170],"271":[173],"RGB":[174],"refined":[178],"line-by-line":[179],"pipeline":[181],"with":[182],"tailored":[184],"line":[185,285],"selection":[186,286],"derive":[188],"Mg,":[189,250],"Si,":[190,251],"Ca":[192,253],"calibrations":[196],"yield":[197,255],"significantly":[198,256],"different":[199],"SFHs,":[200],"neither":[202],"matches":[203],"independent":[204],"CMD-based":[205],"results":[206],"equally":[207],"well,":[208],"so":[209],"present":[211],"both":[212,273],"rather":[213],"than":[214],"one":[215],"fiducial":[216],"choice.":[217],"Our":[218,243],"reveals":[220],"three":[221],"distinct":[222],"phases:":[223],"an":[224],"ancient":[225],"at":[227,233,240],"9-10":[228],"Gyr,":[229,235],"quiescent":[231],"phase":[232],"4-8":[234],"starburst":[238],"peaking":[239],"1.5-2":[241],"Gyr.":[242],"analysis":[245],"demonstrates":[246],"carefully":[248],"selected":[249],"lines":[254],"reduced":[257],"intrinsic":[258],"scatter":[259],"compared":[260],"results.":[264],"prove":[267],"be":[269],"reliable":[270],"LMC,":[281],"provided":[282],"careful":[284],"applied.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}