{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224097580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260197","title":"Using Tectonic Context to Help Constrain Rapid Earthquake Shaking Estimates","display_name":"Using Tectonic Context to Help Constrain Rapid Earthquake Shaking Estimates","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224097580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260197"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1785/0220260197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183957208","display_name":"Seismological Research Letters","issn_l":"0895-0695","issn":["0895-0695","1938-2057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316854","host_organization_name":"Seismological Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316854"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Seismological Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Seismological Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260197","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031113214","display_name":"Harriet Zoe Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0670-6579","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0670-6579"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286329397","display_name":"United States Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392021177","display_name":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/038x5dh11","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249","https://openalex.org/I4392021177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harriet Z. Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["1U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Golden, Colorado, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0670-6579","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Golden, Colorado, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I4392021177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043225292","display_name":"David Jay Wald","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286329397","display_name":"United States Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392021177","display_name":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/038x5dh11","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249","https://openalex.org/I4392021177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J. Wald","raw_affiliation_strings":["1U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Golden, Colorado, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Golden, Colorado, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I4392021177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066560515","display_name":"Eric M. Thompson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6943-4806","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6943-4806"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286329397","display_name":"United States Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392021177","display_name":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/038x5dh11","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249","https://openalex.org/I4392021177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric M. Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["1U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Golden, Colorado, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6943-4806","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Hazards Science Center, Golden, Colorado, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I4392021177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051714617","display_name":"C. Bruce Worden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1181-685X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1181-685X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles B. Worden","raw_affiliation_strings":["2Synergetics, Inc., Golden, Colorado, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1181-685X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"2Synergetics, Inc., Golden, Colorado, U.S.A","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81570114,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10110","display_name":"earthquake and tectonic studies","score":0.9189000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10110","display_name":"earthquake and tectonic studies","score":0.9189000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13018","display_name":"Seismology and Earthquake Studies","score":0.04149999842047691,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10160","display_name":"Seismic Performance and Analysis","score":0.014499999582767487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-plane-orientation","display_name":"fault plane orientation","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shakemap","display_name":"ShakeMap","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-earthquakes","display_name":"strong earthquakes","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismic-hazard-assessment","display_name":"seismic hazard assessment","score":0.3479999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6794000267982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.6787999868392944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77928131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193343","display_name":"Tectonics","level":2,"score":0.6376000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21089234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6592057","display_name":"Seismotectonics","level":3,"score":0.6205999851226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5939000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5357000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.5141000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4027999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26001220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1089248","display_name":"Active fault","level":3,"score":0.35740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.328900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64754055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574053","display_name":"Spatial contextual awareness","level":2,"score":0.3278000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994078444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault plane","level":3,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.26589998602867126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1785/0220260197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183957208","display_name":"Seismological Research Letters","issn_l":"0895-0695","issn":["0895-0695","1938-2057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316854","host_organization_name":"Seismological Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316854"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Seismological Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Seismological Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1785/0220260197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260197","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0220260197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183957208","display_name":"Seismological Research Letters","issn_l":"0895-0695","issn":["0895-0695","1938-2057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316854","host_organization_name":"Seismological Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316854"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Seismological Society of America"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Seismological Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1676343945","https://openalex.org/W1890346831","https://openalex.org/W2036168488","https://openalex.org/W2108017739","https://openalex.org/W2149477794","https://openalex.org/W2159494375","https://openalex.org/W2163277544","https://openalex.org/W2607277830","https://openalex.org/W2756545662","https://openalex.org/W2761021936","https://openalex.org/W2887429768","https://openalex.org/W2995202988","https://openalex.org/W2998813889","https://openalex.org/W3048470057","https://openalex.org/W3183149794","https://openalex.org/W4324026582","https://openalex.org/W4378078090","https://openalex.org/W4385221084","https://openalex.org/W4388222138","https://openalex.org/W4393898176","https://openalex.org/W4398250801","https://openalex.org/W4403071987","https://openalex.org/W4407370186","https://openalex.org/W4407769665","https://openalex.org/W4411309613","https://openalex.org/W4415204949","https://openalex.org/W6892137985","https://openalex.org/W6967437300","https://openalex.org/W7117981927","https://openalex.org/W7122406837","https://openalex.org/W7131098724","https://openalex.org/W7131190521","https://openalex.org/W7168384599"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392658486","https://openalex.org/W4281568939","https://openalex.org/W2314410193","https://openalex.org/W590427665","https://openalex.org/W1539738070","https://openalex.org/W7115715274","https://openalex.org/W4327573025","https://openalex.org/W2974227079","https://openalex.org/W7098432670","https://openalex.org/W2043520582"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Accurate,":[1],"readily":[2],"available":[3],"shaking":[4,22,120,148,255],"estimates":[5,121,149,256],"can":[6,109,252],"improve":[7,146,254],"situational":[8],"awareness":[9],"and":[10,26,35,43,87,98,183,226,296],"rapid":[11],"response":[12],"efforts":[13],"following":[14,263],"a":[15,64,79,131,139,170,221,233,264,269,288],"major":[16,29,80,265],"earthquake.":[17,266],"The":[18,241],"spatial":[19,116],"distribution":[20,59],"of":[21,45,60,66,78,101,172,187,195,272,298],"relative":[23],"to":[24,72,123,137,145,169,181,218,248,261,277,292],"population":[25],"infrastructure":[27],"has":[28],"implications":[30],"for":[31,112,150,193,282],"expected":[32],"fatalities,":[33],"damage,":[34],"disruptions.":[36],"For":[37],"large":[38,151,174],"earthquakes,":[39,284],"the":[40,46,58,67,75,91,99,105,113,158,166,188,196,199,207,250,258,273,278,294,299],"location,":[41],"size,":[42],"orientation":[44],"causal":[47,68],"fault":[48,51,69],"plane":[49],"(i.e.,":[50],"finiteness)":[52],"play":[53],"primary":[54],"roles":[55],"in":[56,74,157,257,287],"determining":[57],"shaking.":[61],"However,":[62,89],"such":[63],"description":[65],"is":[70,224],"difficult":[71],"establish":[73],"immediate":[76,259],"aftermath":[77],"event,":[81],"when":[82],"observations":[83],"are":[84],"typically":[85],"sparse":[86],"uncertain.":[88],"during":[90],"time":[92],"window":[93],"between":[94],"an":[95,185],"event\u2019s":[96],"detection":[97],"completion":[100],"quantitative":[102],"constraints":[103],"on":[104,206],"source,":[106],"tectonic":[107,135,290],"context":[108,136,247],"provide":[110],"evidence":[111],"rupture\u2019s":[114],"likely":[115],"orientation,":[117],"thereby":[118],"improving":[119],"prior":[122],"formal":[124],"finite-fault":[125],"inversion":[126],"results.":[127,189],"Here,":[128],"we":[129],"propose":[130],"new":[132],"method":[133,168],"using":[134,245],"describe":[138],"constrained,":[140],"but":[141],"still":[142],"uncertain,":[143],"source":[144,251],"early":[147],"earthquakes.":[152],"We":[153,190,267],"demonstrate":[154],"its":[155],"implementation":[156],"U.S.":[159],"Geological":[160],"Survey":[161],"ShakeMap":[162,200],"software":[163],"by":[164],"applying":[165],"proposed":[167,274],"catalog":[171,197],"40":[173],"(Mw>7),":[175],"impactful":[176],"global":[177],"events":[178,212,228],"from":[179,232],"2018":[180],"2026":[182],"present":[184],"analysis":[186],"find":[191],"that":[192,244],"18":[194],"events,":[198],"could":[201,237],"be":[202,238],"automatically":[203,239],"constrained":[204,222,234],"based":[205],"seismotectonic":[208,246],"context,":[209],"whereas":[210],"14":[211],"would":[213,229],"require":[214],"expert":[215],"user":[216],"input":[217],"determine":[219],"whether":[220],"approach":[223,235,276,281],"appropriate,":[225],"8":[227],"not":[230],"benefit":[231],"(but":[236],"identified).":[240],"results":[242],"show":[243,268],"constrain":[249],"substantially":[253],"minutes":[260],"hours":[262],"detailed":[270],"comparison":[271],"(constrained)":[275],"existing":[279],"(unconstrained)":[280],"four":[283],"each":[285],"occurring":[286],"distinct":[289],"environment,":[291],"highlight":[293],"advantages":[295],"limitations":[297],"method\u2019s":[300],"application.":[301]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}