{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224095203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5p523","title":"Decompression, self-leveling, and wobble decay of bubble rings released by scuba divers","display_name":"Decompression, self-leveling, and wobble decay of bubble rings released by scuba divers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224095203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5p523"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31223/x5p523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5p523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5p523","pdf_url":"https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/15811/download/27382/","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/15811/download/27382/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025017159","display_name":"Sandy Herho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8330-2095","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8330-2095"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandy Herho","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8330-2095","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159990371","display_name":"Faizal Abdullah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134635517","display_name":"Bandung Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00apj8t60","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134635517"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faizal Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied and Environmental Oceanography Research Group , Bandung Institute of Technology , Bandung , West Java 40132 , Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied and Environmental Oceanography Research Group , Bandung Institute of Technology , Bandung , West Java 40132 , Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134635517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030653831","display_name":"Raden Susanto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raden Susanto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science , University of Maryland , College Park , MD 20742 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science , University of Maryland , College Park , MD 20742 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160050488","display_name":"Sito Biosa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166073570","display_name":"Binus University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmf4s77","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sito Biosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Visual Communication Design -Animation , BINUS University , West Jakarta 11480 , Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Visual Communication Design -Animation , BINUS University , West Jakarta 11480 , Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068639118","display_name":"Rusmawan Suwarman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2401-9569","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2401-9569"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134635517","display_name":"Bandung Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00apj8t60","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134635517"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rusmawan Suwarman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atmospheric Science Research Group , Bandung Institute of Technology , Bandung , West Java 40132 , Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmospheric Science Research Group , Bandung Institute of Technology , Bandung , West Java 40132 , Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134635517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151815690","display_name":"Deny Juanda Puradimaja","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134635517","display_name":"Bandung Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00apj8t60","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134635517"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deny Puradimaja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Geology Research Group , Bandung Institute of Technology , Bandung , West Java 40132 , Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Geology Research Group , Bandung Institute of Technology , Bandung , West Java 40132 , Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134635517"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114600086","display_name":"Dasapta Irawan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134635517","display_name":"Bandung Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00apj8t60","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134635517"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dasapta Irawan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Geology Research Group , Bandung Institute of Technology , Bandung , West Java 40132 , Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Geology Research Group , Bandung Institute of Technology , Bandung , West Java 40132 , Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134635517"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11382","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","score":0.67330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11382","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","score":0.67330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.23510000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13951","display_name":"Fluid dynamics and aerodynamics studies","score":0.014299999922513962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scuba-divers","display_name":"scuba divers","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vortex-rings","display_name":"vortex rings","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boyle-s-law","display_name":"Boyle's law","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vortex-filament-model","display_name":"vortex filament model","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponential-integral","display_name":"exponential integral","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capillary-stability","display_name":"capillary stability","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viscous-damping","display_name":"viscous damping","score":0.4440000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.6194999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.609499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70836080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837940","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","level":2,"score":0.54830002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168475990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030571","display_name":"Vortex ring","level":3,"score":0.5152000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.48559999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351438","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.41190001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.40560001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81370116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335249","display_name":"Time constant","level":2,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151376022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168698","display_name":"Exponential function","level":2,"score":0.3628999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140820882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732722","display_name":"Vortex","level":2,"score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180188523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574576","display_name":"Exponential decay","level":2,"score":0.3416000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73421765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1738426","display_name":"Kelvin wave","level":2,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.2955000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196806460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188603","display_name":"Capillary action","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70477161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190688","display_name":"Shock wave","level":2,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14228908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920483","display_name":"Protein filament","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.26899999380111694}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31223/x5p523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5p523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5p523","pdf_url":"https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/15811/download/27382/","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:EA:id:15811","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/15811/download/27382/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402614","display_name":"EarthArXiv (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EarthArXiv","raw_type":"PREPRINTS"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31223/x5p523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5p523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5p523","pdf_url":"https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/15811/download/27382/","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5295332566","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FITB.PPMI-1-19-2026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329091","funder_display_name":"Institut Teknologi Bandung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329091","display_name":"Institut Teknologi Bandung","ror":"https://ror.org/00apj8t60"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224095203.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224095203.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977678265","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2011301426","https://openalex.org/W2015609408","https://openalex.org/W2036203781","https://openalex.org/W2041170998","https://openalex.org/W2092532714","https://openalex.org/W2097085869","https://openalex.org/W2113975699","https://openalex.org/W2116159141","https://openalex.org/W2118376721","https://openalex.org/W2127162497","https://openalex.org/W2167091047","https://openalex.org/W2897575993","https://openalex.org/W3003257820","https://openalex.org/W3035965352","https://openalex.org/W4242347885","https://openalex.org/W7114915550","https://openalex.org/W7140277713","https://openalex.org/W7172328539"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4318001898","https://openalex.org/W2049777468","https://openalex.org/W2092379578","https://openalex.org/W2770048614","https://openalex.org/W2994500898","https://openalex.org/W2960439774","https://openalex.org/W2807897950","https://openalex.org/W2023641609","https://openalex.org/W7214777197","https://openalex.org/W2639701860"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Scuba":[0],"divers":[1],"blow":[2],"bubble":[3],"rings,":[4,39],"hollow":[5,63],"vortex":[6,64,95],"rings":[7],"with":[8,23,66,175],"a":[9,49,61,67,74,83,93,119,127,138,187,195,201,227],"gas":[10,32,123,160],"core":[11,68,196,252],"that":[12,69,108,197],"expands":[13],"as":[14,60,220],"the":[15,19,31,41,46,56,78,114,221,247,251],"ring":[16,57,65,99,120,155,189,202,222],"rises":[17],"because":[18],"water":[20],"pressure":[21,130],"drops":[22],"every":[24],"meter":[25],"of":[26,45,82,121,159,238],"ascent.":[27],"Classical":[28],"theory":[29],"keeps":[30],"volume":[33,124],"fixed":[34],"and":[35,40,73,86,113,148,161],"treats":[36],"only":[37],"level":[38,207,210],"one":[42,136],"earlier":[43],"estimate":[44],"expansion,":[47],"for":[48,110,143,194],"laboratory":[50],"tank,":[51],"found":[52],"it":[53],"small.":[54],"Here":[55],"is":[58,90,134,185],"modeled":[59],"thin":[62],"obeys":[70],"Boyle's":[71],"law":[72],"motion":[75],"set":[76],"by":[77],"Kelvin":[79],"impulse":[80,184],"balance":[81],"massless":[84],"bubble,":[85],"this":[87],"planar":[88],"model":[89],"tested":[91],"against":[92],"3D":[94],"filament":[96],"model.":[97],"The":[98,242],"radius":[100],"has":[101],"an":[102],"exact":[103],"solution":[104],"in":[105,137,172,250],"exponential":[106],"integrals":[107],"holds":[109],"any":[111],"tilt,":[112],"extra":[115],"growth":[116],"relative":[117],"to":[118,169,235,246],"constant":[122,179],"depends":[125],"on":[126],"single":[128],"release":[129,144,236],"number.":[131],"This":[132],"gain":[133],"near":[135],"tank":[139],"but":[140],"reaches":[141],"1.38":[142],"at":[145,150,163,178],"10":[146,157,164,240],"m":[147,165,214],"1.98":[149],"40":[151],"m.":[152,241],"A":[153],"reference":[154],"holding":[156],"mL":[158],"released":[162,203],"grows":[166],"from":[167,206],"5":[168],"18.5":[170],"cm":[171,177],"radius,":[173],"compared":[174],"14.8":[176],"volume.":[180],"Because":[181],"its":[182],"horizontal":[183],"conserved,":[186],"tilted":[188],"levels":[190],"faster":[191],"than":[192],"predicted":[193],"carries":[198],"axial":[199],"flow;":[200],"30":[204],"degrees":[205],"ends":[208],"nearly":[209],"after":[211],"drifting":[212],"1.44":[213],"sideways.":[215],"Long":[216],"bending":[217],"waves":[218],"decay":[219],"grows.":[223],"Along":[224],"these":[225],"trajectories,":[226],"viscous":[228],"capillary":[229],"stability":[230],"criterion":[231],"limits":[232],"intact":[233],"ascent":[234],"depths":[237],"about":[239],"two":[243],"models":[244],"agree":[245],"expected":[248],"order":[249],"slenderness.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}