{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224090502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","title":"Integrated Phenological Agricultural Drought Index (IPADI): A phenology-only framework based on the relative usefulness of timing and intensity metrics across irrigated and rainfed croplands","display_name":"Integrated Phenological Agricultural Drought Index (IPADI): A phenology-only framework based on the relative usefulness of timing and intensity metrics across irrigated and rainfed croplands","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224090502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129843401","display_name":"European Journal of Agronomy","issn_l":"1161-0301","issn":["1161-0301","1873-7331"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092861324","display_name":"Sabir Oussaoui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3510-5879","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3510-5879"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131560","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Mohammed VI Polytechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/03xc55g68","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA","MA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sabir Oussaoui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco","Research Centre for Watershed Aquatic Ecosystem Interactions (RIVE), University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3510-5879","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Watershed Aquatic Ecosystem Interactions (RIVE), University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035064487","display_name":"Abdessamad Hadri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2928-680X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2928-680X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131560","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Mohammed VI Polytechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/03xc55g68","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdessamad Hadri","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2928-680X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054406234","display_name":"Abdelghani Boudhar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-9717","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-9717"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119856527","display_name":"Cadi Ayyad University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6nm78","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131560","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Mohammed VI Polytechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/03xc55g68","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelghani Boudhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco","L3G Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, 40000, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-9717","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"L3G Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, 40000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002996479","display_name":"Ismaguil Hanad\u00e9 Houmma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7838-6597","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7838-6597"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131560","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Mohammed VI Polytechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/03xc55g68","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA","MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ismaguil Hanad\u00e9 Houmma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco","Research Centre for Watershed Aquatic Ecosystem Interactions (RIVE), University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7838-6597","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Watershed Aquatic Ecosystem Interactions (RIVE), University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062952148","display_name":"El Mahdi El Khalki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9337-4367","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9337-4367"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"El Mahdi El Khalki","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9337-4367","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118601437","display_name":"Mouad Abbad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8750-2991","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8750-2991"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131560","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Mohammed VI Polytechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/03xc55g68","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA","MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mouad Abbad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco","Research Centre for Watershed Aquatic Ecosystem Interactions (RIVE), University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8750-2991","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Watershed Aquatic Ecosystem Interactions (RIVE), University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116640503","display_name":"Hatim Bechri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6922-0250","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6922-0250"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119856527","display_name":"Cadi Ayyad University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6nm78","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA","MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hatim Bechri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","L3G Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, 40000, Morocco","Research Centre for Watershed Aquatic Ecosystem Interactions (RIVE), University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6922-0250","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"L3G Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, 40000, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119856527"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Watershed Aquatic Ecosystem Interactions (RIVE), University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076385003","display_name":"Siham Acharki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-0807","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-0807"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131560","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Mohammed VI Polytechnique","ror":"https://ror.org/03xc55g68","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siham Acharki","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-0807","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Water Research Institute (IWRI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057295813","display_name":"Christophe Kinnard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-5258","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-5258"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christophe Kinnard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","Research Centre for Watershed Aquatic Ecosystem Interactions (RIVE), University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-5258","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois Rivi\u00e8res, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Watershed Aquatic Ecosystem Interactions (RIVE), University of Qu\u00e9bec at Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Trois Rivi\u00e8res, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092861324"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131560","https://openalex.org/I63341726"],"apc_list":{"value":3200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3200},"apc_paid":{"value":3200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3200},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7449089,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"182","issue":null,"first_page":"128388","last_page":"128388"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10439","display_name":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-drought","display_name":"agricultural drought","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-phenology","display_name":"crop phenology","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drought-timing","display_name":"drought timing","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drought-severity","display_name":"drought severity","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigated-cropland","display_name":"irrigated cropland","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfed-cropland","display_name":"rainfed cropland","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drought-indices","display_name":"drought indices","score":0.45899999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51417038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272737","display_name":"Phenology","level":2,"score":0.6815000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6089000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5781000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.4763000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.4487999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.44339999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.420199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.3637999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777380357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7284866","display_name":"Rainfed agriculture","level":3,"score":0.34220001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137660486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732240","display_name":"Growing season","level":2,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176783924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828158","display_name":"Evapotranspiration","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149207113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26534","display_name":"Water use","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129843401","display_name":"European Journal of Agronomy","issn_l":"1161-0301","issn":["1161-0301","1873-7331"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05850821v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05850821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Agronomy, 2027, 182, pp.128388. ⟨10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129843401","display_name":"European Journal of Agronomy","issn_l":"1161-0301","issn":["1161-0301","1873-7331"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.958299994468689},{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5351999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311593","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978617972","https://openalex.org/W1997893060","https://openalex.org/W2000102737","https://openalex.org/W2033996972","https://openalex.org/W2040975718","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2069267948","https://openalex.org/W2077968790","https://openalex.org/W2082819436","https://openalex.org/W2087160026","https://openalex.org/W2113503197","https://openalex.org/W2138751033","https://openalex.org/W2145882800","https://openalex.org/W2172136025","https://openalex.org/W2196961118","https://openalex.org/W2553708848","https://openalex.org/W2587545180","https://openalex.org/W2790864323","https://openalex.org/W2802559180","https://openalex.org/W2810045919","https://openalex.org/W2899848994","https://openalex.org/W2910752046","https://openalex.org/W2922882700","https://openalex.org/W2955786086","https://openalex.org/W2989667297","https://openalex.org/W3005081340","https://openalex.org/W3036014044","https://openalex.org/W3095199417","https://openalex.org/W3121430079","https://openalex.org/W3127594449","https://openalex.org/W4220687320","https://openalex.org/W4304788990","https://openalex.org/W4311298881","https://openalex.org/W4382982436","https://openalex.org/W4399285245","https://openalex.org/W4405824697","https://openalex.org/W4406400283","https://openalex.org/W4406618509","https://openalex.org/W4407142911","https://openalex.org/W4408344001","https://openalex.org/W4409359803","https://openalex.org/W4409889976","https://openalex.org/W4411567347","https://openalex.org/W4412131408","https://openalex.org/W6944425730","https://openalex.org/W7131670259","https://openalex.org/W7140322026","https://openalex.org/W7213650785"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7202167370","https://openalex.org/W3005081340","https://openalex.org/W2553708848","https://openalex.org/W2025109671","https://openalex.org/W7030052041","https://openalex.org/W4386994133","https://openalex.org/W7146349631","https://openalex.org/W3125479983","https://openalex.org/W3165160563","https://openalex.org/W3157559100"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Agricultural":[0,84],"drought":[1,36,70,112,259,293],"is":[2,89],"a":[3,65,169,261,280,287],"slow-onset":[4],"hazard":[5],"with":[6,219,236,265],"severe":[7],"impacts":[8],"on":[9,19],"semi-arid":[10],"Mediterranean":[11],"croplands,":[12],"where":[13],"crop":[14],"growth":[15],"and":[16,48,99,142,180,240],"yield":[17],"depend":[18],"the":[20,72,81,107,140,146,186,190,195,200,213,237,242,266],"full":[21],"seasonal":[22,214],"trajectory":[23],"of":[24,68,109,145,245,271],"vegetation":[25,51],"rather":[26,62,117],"than":[27,63,118,160,224],"its":[28,205,250],"condition":[29],"at":[30,55],"any":[31],"single":[32],"moment.":[33],"Existing":[34],"composite":[35],"indices":[37,183,239],"instead":[38],"combine":[39],"heterogeneous":[40],"inputs":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43,57,64,189,286],"precipitation,":[44],"temperature,":[45],"soil":[46],"moisture,":[47],"instantaneous":[49],"spectral":[50],"indices,":[52],"treating":[53],"phenology,":[54],"best,":[56],"one":[58],"variable":[59],"among":[60],"many":[61],"direct":[66],"record":[67],"how":[69],"reshapes":[71],"growing":[73],"season.":[74],"To":[75],"address":[76],"this":[77,228],"gap,":[78],"we":[79],"introduce":[80],"Integrated":[82],"Phenological":[83],"Drought":[85],"Index":[86],"(IPADI),":[87],"which":[88],"constructed":[90],"entirely":[91],"from":[92,125,260],"land-surface":[93],"phenology.":[94],"IPADI":[95,197],"separates":[96],"timing":[97,225],"(PTDI)":[98],"intensity":[100,206,215],"(PIDI)":[101],"into":[102],"distinct":[103],"sub-indices":[104,165],"so":[105,193],"that":[106,154,185,194,212,279],"contribution":[108],"each":[110,254],"to":[111,204],"detection":[113],"can":[114,284],"be":[115],"tested":[116],"assumed.":[119],"Eight":[120],"phenological":[121],"metrics":[122,156],"were":[123],"extracted":[124],"10":[126],"m":[127],"Sentinel-2":[128],"NDVI":[129],"time":[130],"series":[131],"using":[132],"TIMESAT":[133],"across":[134],"ten":[135],"agricultural":[136,292],"campaigns":[137],"(2015/2016\u20132024/2025)":[138],"over":[139],"irrigated":[141],"rainfed":[143],"zones":[144],"Doukkala":[147,201],"plain,":[148],"Morocco.":[149],"An":[150],"exploratory":[151],"analysis":[152],"revealed":[153,184],"intensity-related":[155],"carry":[157],"more":[158,217],"weight":[159],"timing-related":[161],"ones,":[162],"motivating":[163],"two":[164],"later":[166],"combined":[167],"through":[168],"weighted":[170],"sum.":[171],"Testing":[172],"eleven":[173],"weighting":[174],"combinations":[175],"against":[176],"twelve":[177],"meteorological,":[178],"hydrological,":[179],"vegetation-based":[181],"reference":[182,238],"intensity-only":[187],"configuration":[188],"best":[191],"performer,":[192],"operational":[196],"retained":[198,232],"for":[199,253,291],"plain":[202],"reduces":[203],"sub-index":[207],"(IPADI":[208],"=":[209],"PIDI),":[210],"indicating":[211],"aligns":[216],"closely":[218,235],"these":[220],"seasonally":[221],"averaged":[222],"references":[223],"does":[226],"in":[227],"managed":[229],"setting.":[230],"The":[231],"index":[233],"agreed":[234],"followed":[241],"interannual":[243],"pattern":[244],"national":[246],"cereal":[247],"production,":[248],"while":[249],"separate":[251],"computation":[252],"zone":[255],"helped":[256],"discriminate":[257],"climate-driven":[258],"management-induced":[262],"deficit":[263],"consistent":[264],"documented":[267],"reduction,":[268],"then":[269],"suspension,":[270],"Al":[272],"Massira":[273],"reservoir":[274],"releases.":[275],"These":[276],"findings":[277],"show":[278],"compact,":[281],"phenology-only":[282],"framework":[283],"serve":[285],"high-resolution,":[288],"transferable":[289],"tool":[290],"monitoring.":[294]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}