{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224089601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004","title":"Tumor-associated macrophage reprogramming in cancer: recent advances in resistance mechanisms and therapy","display_name":"Tumor-associated macrophage reprogramming in cancer: recent advances in resistance mechanisms and therapy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224089601","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159996944","display_name":"Abdullah Farhan Saeed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Farhan Saeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160035963","display_name":"Muhammad Naim Ashraf","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142204992","display_name":"University of Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/051jrjw38","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Naim Ashraf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, University of Lahore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, University of Lahore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102376342","display_name":"Muhammad Zaheer Iqbal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100043","display_name":"Superior University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yh88643","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100043"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Zaheer Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Superior University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Superior University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100043"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159996944"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76659255,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11313","display_name":"Immune cells in cancer","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11313","display_name":"Immune cells in cancer","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10158","display_name":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12672","display_name":"Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-associated-macrophages","display_name":"tumor-associated macrophages","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tam-reprogramming","display_name":"TAM reprogramming","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-immunotherapy-resistance","display_name":"cancer immunotherapy resistance","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tam-heterogeneity","display_name":"TAM heterogeneity","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-microenvironment","display_name":"tumor microenvironment","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efferocytosis","display_name":"efferocytosis","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phagocytosis","display_name":"phagocytosis","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/csf1r-inhibition","display_name":"CSF1R inhibition","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pi3kgamma","display_name":"PI3K\u03b3","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stat-signaling","display_name":"STAT signaling","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extracellular-vesicles","display_name":"extracellular vesicles","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-microbiota","display_name":"tumor microbiome","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophage-plasticity","display_name":"macrophage plasticity","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tam-targeted-therapy","display_name":"TAM-targeted therapy","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarker-selection","display_name":"biomarker selection","score":0.3970000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77255625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q402093","display_name":"Reprogramming","level":3,"score":0.6136000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169822122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230187","display_name":"Crosstalk","level":2,"score":0.5777000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16930146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4381253","display_name":"Stromal cell","level":2,"score":0.5680999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.5551000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.5493000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189165786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193825","display_name":"Extracellular matrix","level":2,"score":0.4941999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777701055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427096","display_name":"Immunotherapy","level":3,"score":0.4796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780394083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q539568","display_name":"Angiogenesis","level":2,"score":0.47269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41091548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26939","display_name":"Epigenetics","level":3,"score":0.4569000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779244956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184204","display_name":"Macrophage","level":3,"score":0.44510000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.43630000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776682551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21072584","display_name":"Macrophage polarization","level":4,"score":0.40720000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776107976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786433","display_name":"Tumor microenvironment","level":3,"score":0.4007999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3853999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780674031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2012719","display_name":"Cancer immunotherapy","level":4,"score":0.37779998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83464605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575296","display_name":"Antigen presentation","level":4,"score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779341262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182581","display_name":"Immunity","level":3,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779256057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16909647","display_name":"Tumor progression","level":3,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16930687","display_name":"Therapeutic approach","level":3,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780851360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21686041","display_name":"Immune checkpoint","level":4,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778468042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273976","display_name":"Blockade","level":3,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28406088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5571762","display_name":"Extracellular","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96232424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118072","display_name":"Cancer cell","level":3,"score":0.25760000944137573}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:58a1ed576ba84bdb8f14370bf6f9b349","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/58a1ed576ba84bdb8f14370bf6f9b349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1920004/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224089601.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224089601.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":330,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1881610795","https://openalex.org/W2103079055","https://openalex.org/W2341289486","https://openalex.org/W2899044337","https://openalex.org/W2951817901","https://openalex.org/W3005494677","https://openalex.org/W3116290443","https://openalex.org/W4319793570","https://openalex.org/W4321167021","https://openalex.org/W4321614209","https://openalex.org/W4321749266","https://openalex.org/W4323356296","https://openalex.org/W4323539126","https://openalex.org/W4323971780","https://openalex.org/W4324046169","https://openalex.org/W4324346858","https://openalex.org/W4361215675","https://openalex.org/W4362456016","https://openalex.org/W4364360091","https://openalex.org/W4366817320","https://openalex.org/W4366989570","https://openalex.org/W4376646211","https://openalex.org/W4377206081","https://openalex.org/W4380087286","https://openalex.org/W4381598717","https://openalex.org/W4381996255","https://openalex.org/W4382051195","https://openalex.org/W4382893349","https://openalex.org/W4385230873","https://openalex.org/W4385428514","https://openalex.org/W4385700587","https://openalex.org/W4386640101","https://openalex.org/W4386947297","https://openalex.org/W4387809711","https://openalex.org/W4387974675","https://openalex.org/W4388074411","https://openalex.org/W4388406732","https://openalex.org/W4388419106","https://openalex.org/W4388735282","https://openalex.org/W4389792233","https://openalex.org/W4389793431","https://openalex.org/W4390538643","https://openalex.org/W4390610361","https://openalex.org/W4390665680","https://openalex.org/W4390765933","https://openalex.org/W4390910812","https://openalex.org/W4391425162","https://openalex.org/W4391723488","https://openalex.org/W4391932927","https://openalex.org/W4392021658","https://openalex.org/W4392343318","https://openalex.org/W4393080635","https://openalex.org/W4393276272","https://openalex.org/W4393397203","https://openalex.org/W4394738965","https://openalex.org/W4394909675","https://openalex.org/W4396217159","https://openalex.org/W4396589911","https://openalex.org/W4396646543","https://openalex.org/W4396735748","https://openalex.org/W4396740747","https://openalex.org/W4396811295","https://openalex.org/W4398174391","https://openalex.org/W4399133757","https://openalex.org/W4399246573","https://openalex.org/W4399256643","https://openalex.org/W4399282535","https://openalex.org/W4399300859","https://openalex.org/W4399537020","https://openalex.org/W4399687561","https://openalex.org/W4400130679","https://openalex.org/W4400255759","https://openalex.org/W4400265234","https://openalex.org/W4400319649","https://openalex.org/W4400325786","https://openalex.org/W4400604917","https://openalex.org/W4400748356","https://openalex.org/W4400867712","https://openalex.org/W4400960579","https://openalex.org/W4401052172","https://openalex.org/W4401219584","https://openalex.org/W4401232767","https://openalex.org/W4401280276","https://openalex.org/W4401324566","https://openalex.org/W4401824769","https://openalex.org/W4402357613","https://openalex.org/W4403134111","https://openalex.org/W4403284724","https://openalex.org/W4403498020","https://openalex.org/W4403506731","https://openalex.org/W4404187534","https://openalex.org/W4404249158","https://openalex.org/W4404576281","https://openalex.org/W4404726166","https://openalex.org/W4405037953","https://openalex.org/W4406092331","https://openalex.org/W4406189205","https://openalex.org/W4406268159","https://openalex.org/W4406323546","https://openalex.org/W4406379794","https://openalex.org/W4406787214","https://openalex.org/W4407230162","https://openalex.org/W4407235514","https://openalex.org/W4407356924","https://openalex.org/W4407596501","https://openalex.org/W4407711657","https://openalex.org/W4407778444","https://openalex.org/W4407997379","https://openalex.org/W4408026947","https://openalex.org/W4408041591","https://openalex.org/W4408052523","https://openalex.org/W4408091710","https://openalex.org/W4408168262","https://openalex.org/W4408303806","https://openalex.org/W4408310291","https://openalex.org/W4408333944","https://openalex.org/W4408340786","https://openalex.org/W4408572360","https://openalex.org/W4408695648","https://openalex.org/W4408732921","https://openalex.org/W4408873097","https://openalex.org/W4408959691","https://openalex.org/W4409074404","https://openalex.org/W4409339209","https://openalex.org/W4409404473","https://openalex.org/W4409559358","https://openalex.org/W4409560925","https://openalex.org/W4409689435","https://openalex.org/W4409737148","https://openalex.org/W4409902404","https://openalex.org/W4409912124","https://openalex.org/W4409974922","https://openalex.org/W4409987820","https://openalex.org/W4410000944","https://openalex.org/W4410278452","https://openalex.org/W4410307171","https://openalex.org/W4410363007","https://openalex.org/W4410386140","https://openalex.org/W4410417087","https://openalex.org/W4410453591","https://openalex.org/W4410506801","https://openalex.org/W4410519006","https://openalex.org/W4410621417","https://openalex.org/W4410729024","https://openalex.org/W4410741973","https://openalex.org/W4410991540","https://openalex.org/W4411131315","https://openalex.org/W4411224071","https://openalex.org/W4411302254","https://openalex.org/W4411329322","https://openalex.org/W4411436154","https://openalex.org/W4411640884","https://openalex.org/W4411907932","https://openalex.org/W4412066586","https://openalex.org/W4412086992","https://openalex.org/W4412088515","https://openalex.org/W4412098605","https://openalex.org/W4412363782","https://openalex.org/W4412492857","https://openalex.org/W4412555755","https://openalex.org/W4412691966","https://openalex.org/W4412708260","https://openalex.org/W4412708409","https://openalex.org/W4412727330","https://openalex.org/W4412745982","https://openalex.org/W4412824647","https://openalex.org/W4412857518","https://openalex.org/W4412881275","https://openalex.org/W4412976789","https://openalex.org/W4412989999","https://openalex.org/W4413011372","https://openalex.org/W4413035250","https://openalex.org/W4413203475","https://openalex.org/W4413417438","https://openalex.org/W4413428153","https://openalex.org/W4413471694","https://openalex.org/W4413505911","https://openalex.org/W4413735069","https://openalex.org/W4413880470","https://openalex.org/W4413901863","https://openalex.org/W4413903511","https://openalex.org/W4413930768","https://openalex.org/W4414137702","https://openalex.org/W4414334773","https://openalex.org/W4414425985","https://openalex.org/W4414547969","https://openalex.org/W4414552368","https://openalex.org/W4414592778","https://openalex.org/W4414602863","https://openalex.org/W4414889475","https://openalex.org/W4414993271","https://openalex.org/W4415001616","https://openalex.org/W4415150017","https://openalex.org/W4415170383","https://openalex.org/W4415240493","https://openalex.org/W4415303620","https://openalex.org/W4415427007","https://openalex.org/W4415588023","https://openalex.org/W4415614650","https://openalex.org/W4415686325","https://openalex.org/W4415702356","https://openalex.org/W4415904099","https://openalex.org/W4415932549","https://openalex.org/W4416341106","https://openalex.org/W4416729789","https://openalex.org/W4416770264","https://openalex.org/W4416934164","https://openalex.org/W4416941419","https://openalex.org/W4417068360","https://openalex.org/W4417080371","https://openalex.org/W4417106580","https://openalex.org/W4417178141","https://openalex.org/W4417186052","https://openalex.org/W4417262009","https://openalex.org/W4417521051","https://openalex.org/W7115896700","https://openalex.org/W7116364765","https://openalex.org/W7117483677","https://openalex.org/W7118031160","https://openalex.org/W7118065332","https://openalex.org/W7118071115","https://openalex.org/W7118083927","https://openalex.org/W7118120113","https://openalex.org/W7118124283","https://openalex.org/W7118373413","https://openalex.org/W7118410535","https://openalex.org/W7118445068","https://openalex.org/W7118546330","https://openalex.org/W7118602540","https://openalex.org/W7119046383","https://openalex.org/W7119482615","https://openalex.org/W7119498992","https://openalex.org/W7119518583","https://openalex.org/W7119518624","https://openalex.org/W7122362728","https://openalex.org/W7122699059","https://openalex.org/W7123729210","https://openalex.org/W7124153511","https://openalex.org/W7124248180","https://openalex.org/W7124269166","https://openalex.org/W7124293971","https://openalex.org/W7124441616","https://openalex.org/W7124457190","https://openalex.org/W7124693746","https://openalex.org/W7124939776","https://openalex.org/W7124943252","https://openalex.org/W7125108588","https://openalex.org/W7125209418","https://openalex.org/W7125226889","https://openalex.org/W7125252619","https://openalex.org/W7125410657","https://openalex.org/W7125484337","https://openalex.org/W7125487187","https://openalex.org/W7125583479","https://openalex.org/W7125648467","https://openalex.org/W7125650168","https://openalex.org/W7125697483","https://openalex.org/W7125706320","https://openalex.org/W7125797091","https://openalex.org/W7125827103","https://openalex.org/W7125833251","https://openalex.org/W7125904396","https://openalex.org/W7125931280","https://openalex.org/W7125946883","https://openalex.org/W7125952592","https://openalex.org/W7125975294","https://openalex.org/W7126111491","https://openalex.org/W7126438967","https://openalex.org/W7127039259","https://openalex.org/W7127126496","https://openalex.org/W7127138601","https://openalex.org/W7127342244","https://openalex.org/W7127974049","https://openalex.org/W7127996173","https://openalex.org/W7128046189","https://openalex.org/W7128160855","https://openalex.org/W7128189175","https://openalex.org/W7128600444","https://openalex.org/W7128694608","https://openalex.org/W7128732363","https://openalex.org/W7128789744","https://openalex.org/W7128905425","https://openalex.org/W7128978051","https://openalex.org/W7129692826","https://openalex.org/W7130695648","https://openalex.org/W7131252767","https://openalex.org/W7131297376","https://openalex.org/W7131666946","https://openalex.org/W7131780449","https://openalex.org/W7133119346","https://openalex.org/W7133195336","https://openalex.org/W7133229564","https://openalex.org/W7133246955","https://openalex.org/W7133312300","https://openalex.org/W7133497896","https://openalex.org/W7133517430","https://openalex.org/W7133627586","https://openalex.org/W7134054548","https://openalex.org/W7135182922","https://openalex.org/W7138185265","https://openalex.org/W7138845632","https://openalex.org/W7140041595","https://openalex.org/W7140274140","https://openalex.org/W7140314528","https://openalex.org/W7141656433","https://openalex.org/W7143706570","https://openalex.org/W7151620407","https://openalex.org/W7152968749","https://openalex.org/W7153546806","https://openalex.org/W7154569314","https://openalex.org/W7154575631","https://openalex.org/W7154603259","https://openalex.org/W7154624017","https://openalex.org/W7154682774","https://openalex.org/W7154837099","https://openalex.org/W7154996134","https://openalex.org/W7155708460","https://openalex.org/W7156324949","https://openalex.org/W7157691487","https://openalex.org/W7160905084","https://openalex.org/W7161010187","https://openalex.org/W7161647568","https://openalex.org/W7161958135","https://openalex.org/W7162516246","https://openalex.org/W7163008241","https://openalex.org/W7164148174","https://openalex.org/W7165042277","https://openalex.org/W7165115377","https://openalex.org/W7165813056","https://openalex.org/W7168163737"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7202092902","https://openalex.org/W4396534199","https://openalex.org/W4417495675","https://openalex.org/W7125946883","https://openalex.org/W2019179700","https://openalex.org/W7213898417","https://openalex.org/W3028578182","https://openalex.org/W4410519006","https://openalex.org/W2898415660","https://openalex.org/W7204800578"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tumor-associated":[0],"macrophages":[1],"(TAMs)":[2],"are":[3],"abundant,":[4],"heterogeneous,":[5],"and":[6,18,22,51,63,75,79,87,92,108,115,124,173,186],"spatially":[7],"organized":[8],"immune":[9,15],"cells":[10],"that":[11,69],"regulate":[12],"cancer":[13],"progression,":[14],"evasion,":[16],"metastasis,":[17],"therapeutic":[19],"resistance.":[20],"Single-cell":[21],"spatial":[23,167],"technologies":[24],"have":[25,129,152],"revealed":[26],"diverse":[27],"TAM":[28],"states":[29],"shaped":[30],"by":[31],"ontogeny,":[32],"tumor":[33,59],"type,":[34],"disease":[35],"stage,":[36],"cytokines,":[37],"hypoxia,":[38],"metabolism,":[39],"epigenetic":[40],"remodeling,":[41],"extracellular":[42,47],"matrix":[43],"architecture,":[44],"stromal":[45],"interactions,":[46],"vesicles,":[48],"microbiome-derived":[49],"signals,":[50],"therapy-induced":[52],"damage.":[53],"Bidirectional":[54],"cancer-TAM":[55],"crosstalk":[56],"evolves":[57],"from":[58],"initiation":[60],"through":[61],"progression":[62],"recurrence,":[64],"generating":[65],"tumor-specific":[66,184],"resistance":[67],"programs":[68],"suppress":[70],"lymphocytes,":[71],"impair":[72],"antigen":[73],"presentation":[74],"phagocytosis,":[76,112],"promote":[77],"angiogenesis":[78],"metabolic":[80],"restriction,":[81],"remodel":[82],"stroma,":[83],"mediate":[84],"tolerogenic":[85],"efferocytosis,":[86,114],"sustain":[88],"stem-cell,":[89],"metastatic,":[90],"dormancy,":[91],"regenerative":[93],"niches.":[94],"Therapeutic":[95],"strategies":[96,147],"include":[97],"blocking":[98],"macrophage":[99],"recruitment":[100],"or":[101,145,158],"survival,":[102],"activating":[103],"CD40/TLR/STING":[104],"signaling,":[105],"targeting":[106],"PI3K\u03b3":[107],"STAT":[109],"pathways,":[110],"restoring":[111],"modulating":[113],"applying":[116],"metabolic,":[117],"epigenetic,":[118],"stromal,":[119],"vascular,":[120],"nanoparticle,":[121],"RNA-based,":[122],"microbiome-directed,":[123],"engineered-macrophage":[125],"approaches.":[126],"Randomized":[127],"trials":[128],"established":[130],"the":[131],"efficacy":[132],"of":[133],"CSF1R":[134],"inhibition":[135],"in":[136,148],"selected":[137],"CSF1-driven,":[138],"macrophage-dependent":[139],"tumors,":[140],"whereas":[141],"most":[142],"other":[143],"TAM-":[144],"myeloid-directed":[146],"conventional":[149],"solid":[150],"tumors":[151],"demonstrated":[153],"only":[154],"preliminary":[155],"clinical":[156],"activity":[157],"pharmacodynamic":[159],"modulation":[160],"without":[161],"consistent":[162],"durable":[163,198],"benefit.":[164],"Off-target":[165],"toxicity,":[166],"heterogeneity,":[168],"dynamic":[169],"plasticity,":[170],"preclinical-clinical":[171],"discordance,":[172],"combination-treatment":[174],"optimization":[175],"remain":[176],"major":[177],"barriers.":[178],"Biomarker-guided":[179],"patient":[180],"selection,":[181],"longitudinal":[182],"monitoring,":[183],"targeting,":[185],"rationally":[187],"sequenced":[188],"combinations":[189],"will":[190],"be":[191],"essential":[192],"for":[193],"converting":[194],"tumor-supportive":[195],"TAMs":[196],"into":[197],"antitumor":[199],"effectors.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}