{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224088289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","title":"Effect of dapagliflozin on renal response in patients with biopsy-confirmed lupus nephritis receiving stable maintenance immunosuppression and renin\u2013angiotensin system inhibition: protocol for the multicentre randomised DAPA-LN trial","display_name":"Effect of dapagliflozin on renal response in patients with biopsy-confirmed lupus nephritis receiving stable maintenance immunosuppression and renin\u2013angiotensin system inhibition: protocol for the multicentre randomised DAPA-LN trial","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224088289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42951286","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13723909"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764956401","display_name":"Lupus Science & Medicine","issn_l":"2053-8790","issn":["2053-8790"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lupus Science &amp; Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136555404","display_name":"Zixi Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160033775","display_name":"Ruyi Tang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruyi Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160021973","display_name":"Fen Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160023034","display_name":"Yasong Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131061","display_name":"Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03k14e164","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131061"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhejiang Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhejiang Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131061"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009622787","display_name":"Zhengquan Xie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089232","display_name":"Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/005p42z69","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089232"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengquan Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160008786","display_name":"Xiaoyan Meng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134448","display_name":"Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0335pr187","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134448"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyan Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, Liuzhou Workers\u2019 Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Liuzhou Workers\u2019 Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134448"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149323524","display_name":"Yan Zeng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160042281","display_name":"Xiang Ren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123733","display_name":"The First People's Hospital of Changde","ror":"https://ror.org/02h2ywm64","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123733"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People\u2019s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People\u2019s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113130677","display_name":"Haijun Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124657","display_name":"Panyu District Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02wwftm12","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124657"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92039509","display_name":"Guangzhou Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zat6v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92039509"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haijun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124657","https://openalex.org/I92039509"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158199699","display_name":"Yixi Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131061","display_name":"Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03k14e164","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131061"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhejiang Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhejiang Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131061"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100600606","display_name":"Pengfei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1067-3607","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1067-3607"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089232","display_name":"Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/005p42z69","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089232"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160010123","display_name":"Wenjing Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134448","display_name":"Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0335pr187","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134448"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjing Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, Liuzhou Workers\u2019 Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Liuzhou Workers\u2019 Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134448"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159997991","display_name":"Linfang Huang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linfang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101198867","display_name":"Yao Zou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123733","display_name":"The First People's Hospital of Changde","ror":"https://ror.org/02h2ywm64","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123733"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People\u2019s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People\u2019s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160050111","display_name":"Ying Xiong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123733","display_name":"The First People's Hospital of Changde","ror":"https://ror.org/02h2ywm64","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123733"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People\u2019s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People\u2019s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102830249","display_name":"Xia Ouyang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0992-3455","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0992-3455"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124657","display_name":"Panyu District Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02wwftm12","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124657"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92039509","display_name":"Guangzhou Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zat6v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92039509"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xia Ouyang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124657","https://openalex.org/I92039509"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039017872","display_name":"Ni Mao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ni Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159818745","display_name":"Jia Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128127152","display_name":"Qi Tang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135110009","display_name":"Jiafen Liao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiafen Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110916926","display_name":"Jin Kang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128105517","display_name":"Xiaofei Peng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofei Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128058051","display_name":"Wei Cheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019597503","display_name":"Shu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7407-7217","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7407-7217"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128095391","display_name":"Yan Ge","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160000904","display_name":"Jinfeng Du","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinfeng Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160061989","display_name":"Yiming Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160022473","display_name":"Bo Peng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136601649","display_name":"Qiming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0282-4313","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0282-4313","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5213-2668"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan, China","Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0282-4313","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071375794","display_name":"Xi Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9296-2324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9296-2324"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153856","display_name":"Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/053v2gh09","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xi Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9296-2324","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071375794","https://openalex.org/A5136601649"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153856"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2391},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2391},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83121353,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"e002334","last_page":"e002334"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.9160000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.9160000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11029","display_name":"Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies","score":0.04989999905228615,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.020500000566244125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lupus-nephritis","display_name":"lupus nephritis","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dapagliflozin","display_name":"dapagliflozin","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sglt2-inhibitors","display_name":"SGLT2 inhibitors","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proteinuria","display_name":"proteinuria","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-response","display_name":"renal response","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-function-preservation","display_name":"renal function preservation","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintenance-immunosuppression","display_name":"maintenance immunosuppression","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renin-angiotensin-system-blockade","display_name":"renin-angiotensin system blockade","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ace-inhibitors","display_name":"ACE inhibitors","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angiotensin-receptor-blockers","display_name":"angiotensin receptor blockers","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjunctive-therapy","display_name":"adjunctive therapy","score":0.7839999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.954800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779912601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1621830","display_name":"Lupus nephritis","level":3,"score":0.7752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779561371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570197","display_name":"Proteinuria","level":3,"score":0.6798999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6328999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203092338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340863","display_name":"Clinical endpoint","level":3,"score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.5758000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159641895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108377937","display_name":"Renal function","level":2,"score":0.5462999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780252810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455316","display_name":"Immunosuppression","level":2,"score":0.47909998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197934379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2047938","display_name":"Adverse effect","level":2,"score":0.45089998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777422806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409898","display_name":"Dapagliflozin","level":4,"score":0.44040000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.40310001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126894567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650","display_name":"Urology","level":1,"score":0.4009000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781184683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Nephropathy","level":3,"score":0.37779998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.3449000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776912625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1485","display_name":"Systemic lupus erythematosus","level":3,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424337","display_name":"Acute kidney injury","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202953159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382695","display_name":"Intention-to-treat analysis","level":3,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.26269999146461487}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764956401","display_name":"Lupus Science & Medicine","issn_l":"2053-8790","issn":["2053-8790"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lupus Science &amp; Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13723909","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13723909/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13723909/pdf/lupus-13-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lupus Sci Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42951286","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42951286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lupus science & medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:11c1ab87f54d44578ca59f8071d948ec","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/11c1ab87f54d44578ca59f8071d948ec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lupus Science and Medicine, Vol 13, Iss 2 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764956401","display_name":"Lupus Science & Medicine","issn_l":"2053-8790","issn":["2053-8790"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lupus Science &amp; Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Study Protocol","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/study-protocol"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1970902539","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021JJ30033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3662100427","display_name":"SIRT3\u8c03\u63a7VLCAD\u4e59\u9170\u5316\u4fee\u9970\u5728\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u4ee3\u8c22\u5f02\u5e38\u4ecb\u5bfc\u623f\u98a4\u7684\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"81770337","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G371990878","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82070356","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5549987093","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021JJ30033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334874","display_name":"Defense Acquisition Program Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/04bjg9m96"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224088289.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224088289.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003500862","https://openalex.org/W2138889351","https://openalex.org/W2159860161","https://openalex.org/W2165141146","https://openalex.org/W2786833650","https://openalex.org/W2965565685","https://openalex.org/W3021154423","https://openalex.org/W3088173406","https://openalex.org/W3153650031","https://openalex.org/W4307562306","https://openalex.org/W4308183941","https://openalex.org/W4385211726","https://openalex.org/W4390533546","https://openalex.org/W4393068985","https://openalex.org/W4394567601","https://openalex.org/W4400760534","https://openalex.org/W4409878505","https://openalex.org/W4410163039","https://openalex.org/W4416890694","https://openalex.org/W7157289808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416890694","https://openalex.org/W4415426523","https://openalex.org/W7167942710","https://openalex.org/W4398232943","https://openalex.org/W4403833074","https://openalex.org/W4415435291","https://openalex.org/W4380626279","https://openalex.org/W4397048372","https://openalex.org/W4403830680","https://openalex.org/W4399483481"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"Persistent":[1],"proteinuria":[2,108,192],"despite":[3],"control":[4],"of":[5,13,51,87,196,216],"overt":[6],"disease":[7,33,63,233],"activity":[8],"remains":[9,40],"an":[10,71,121,166,170],"important":[11],"marker":[12],"residual":[14],"kidney":[15,27,32,197,227],"risk":[16],"in":[17,38,54,83,133,191],"lupus":[18],"nephritis":[19],"(LN).":[20],"Although":[21],"sodium\u2013glucose":[22],"cotransporter":[23],"2":[24],"inhibitors":[25],"improve":[26],"outcomes":[28],"across":[29],"broader":[30],"chronic":[31],"populations,":[34],"randomised":[35],"evidence":[36],"specifically":[37],"LN":[39,92],"limited.":[41],"The":[42,176,199,239],"DAPA-LN":[43,69],"trial":[44,78],"will":[45,129,155,180,203,224,243,251,256],"evaluate":[46],"the":[47,205,245],"efficacy":[48,178,241],"and":[49,64,67,116,120,160,236,248],"safety":[50,201,237,249],"adjunctive":[52],"dapagliflozin":[53,139],"patients":[55],"with":[56,90,97,164,194],"biopsy-confirmed":[57,91],"LN,":[58],"clinically":[59,212],"stable":[60,157],"or":[61,95,98,103,148,169],"low-activity":[62],"persistent":[65,107],"proteinuria.Methods":[66],"analysis":[68,242],"is":[70],"investigator-initiated,":[72],"multicentre,":[73],"randomised,":[74],"open-label,":[75],"blinded-endpoint":[76],"superiority":[77],"conducted":[79],"at":[80,184,208],"seven":[81],"hospitals":[82],"China.":[84],"A":[85],"total":[86],"270":[88],"adults":[89],"(class":[93],"III":[94],"IV":[96],"without":[99],"class":[100,105],"V":[101],"involvement,":[102],"pure":[104],"V),":[106],"defined":[109,187],"as":[110,174],"a":[111,134],"urine":[112],"protein-to-creatinine":[113],"ratio":[114,136],">0.5":[115],"\u2264":[117],"3.5":[118],"g/g,":[119],"estimated":[122],"glomerular":[123],"filtration":[124],"rate":[125],"\u226530":[126],"mL/min/1.73":[127],"m2":[128],"be":[130,181,204,252],"randomly":[131],"assigned":[132],"1:1":[135],"to":[137],"receive":[138],"10":[140],"mg":[141],"once":[142],"daily":[143],"plus":[144],"standard":[145,149],"background":[146,150],"therapy":[147,151,154],"alone.":[152],"Background":[153],"comprise":[156],"maintenance":[158],"immunosuppression":[159,231],"renin\u2013angiotensin":[161],"system":[162],"inhibition":[163],"either":[165],"ACE":[167],"inhibitor":[168],"angiotensin":[171],"receptor":[172],"blocker":[173],"monotherapy.":[175],"primary":[177,200,240],"endpoint":[179,202],"renal":[182,229],"response":[183],"week":[185,220,259],"52,":[186],"by":[188],"prespecified":[189,211],"improvement":[190],"together":[193],"preservation":[195],"function.":[198],"proportion":[206],"experiencing":[207],"least":[209],"one":[210],"significant":[213],"adverse":[214],"event":[215],"special":[217],"interest":[218],"through":[219,258],"52.":[221],"Secondary":[222],"endpoints":[223],"assess":[225],"proteinuria,":[226],"function,":[228],"flare,":[230],"intensification,":[232],"activity,":[234],"hospitalisation":[235],"outcomes.":[238],"follow":[244],"intention-to-treat":[246],"principle":[247],"analyses":[250],"descriptive.":[253],"Exploratory":[254],"follow-up":[255],"continue":[257],"104.Trial":[260],"registration":[261],"number":[262],"ChiCTR2600131121.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}
