{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224084697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270261498921","title":"Market-oriented transformation of African bean systems: The role of commodity corridors, multi-stakeholder platforms, and value addition","display_name":"Market-oriented transformation of African bean systems: The role of commodity corridors, multi-stakeholder platforms, and value addition","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224084697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270261498921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/00307270261498921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270261498921","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270261498921","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164183727","display_name":"Outlook on Agriculture","issn_l":"0030-7270","issn":["0030-7270","2043-6866"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Outlook on Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059008400","display_name":"Eliud Birachi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3444-549X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3444-549X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118691","display_name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/02qk18s08","country_code":"KE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668","https://openalex.org/I4210118691","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64492213","display_name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/037wny167","country_code":"CO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]}],"countries":["CO","KE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eliud Birachi","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) & Pan-Africa Bean Research Alliance (PABRA), Kigali, Rwanda"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3444-549X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) & Pan-Africa Bean Research Alliance (PABRA), Kigali, Rwanda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118691","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080184839","display_name":"Justice Munthali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8595-1435","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8595-1435"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118691","display_name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/02qk18s08","country_code":"KE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668","https://openalex.org/I4210118691","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64492213","display_name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/037wny167","country_code":"CO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]}],"countries":["CO","KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justice Munthali","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) & Pan-Africa Bean Research Alliance (PABRA), Lilongwe, Malawi"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8595-1435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) & Pan-Africa Bean Research Alliance (PABRA), Lilongwe, Malawi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118691","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090057927","display_name":"Mercy Mutua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-0678","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-0678"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118691","display_name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/02qk18s08","country_code":"KE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668","https://openalex.org/I4210118691","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64492213","display_name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/037wny167","country_code":"CO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]}],"countries":["CO","KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mercy Mutua","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) & Pan-Africa Bean Research Alliance (PABRA), Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-0678","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) & Pan-Africa Bean Research Alliance (PABRA), Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118691","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023462992","display_name":"Hyacinthe Nyirahabimana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7430-0223","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7430-0223"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913481162","display_name":"Wageningen University & Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04qw24q55","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyacinthe Nyirahabimana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wageningen University Research (WUR)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7430-0223","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wageningen University Research (WUR)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092931353","display_name":"Mwiinga Mulube","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9904-9577","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9904-9577"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mwiinga Mulube","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zambia Agriculture Research Institute (ZARI), Misamfu Regional Research Centre"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9904-9577","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zambia Agriculture Research Institute (ZARI), Misamfu Regional Research Centre","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110468070","display_name":"David Karanja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5814-4096","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5814-4096"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098278","display_name":"Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/00wawdr98","country_code":"KE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098278"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Karanja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5814-4096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085003951","display_name":"Pamela Paparu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-6507","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-6507"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134342","display_name":"National Agricultural Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/044aa1z42","country_code":"UG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134342"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167293","display_name":"National Agricultural Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/05rmt1x67","country_code":"UG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167293"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pamela Paparu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO), National Crops Resources Research Institute (NARO-NaCRRI)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1279-6507","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO), National Crops Resources Research Institute (NARO-NaCRRI)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134342","https://openalex.org/I4210167293"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076167142","display_name":"Edith Kadege","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-6400","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-6400"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405263296","display_name":"Tanzania Agriculture Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04y5y0036","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405263296"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edith Kadege","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute (TARI), Selian Centre"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3325-6400","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute (TARI), Selian Centre","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405263296"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103017740","display_name":"Edouard Rurangwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2748-3749","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2748-3749"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121091","display_name":"Rwanda Agriculture Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03nkkb025","country_code":"RW","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121091"]}],"countries":["RW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edouard Rurangwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board (RAB)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2748-3749","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board (RAB)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121091"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110531704","display_name":"Jean Claude Rubyogo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6966-0790","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6966-0790"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118691","display_name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/02qk18s08","country_code":"KE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668","https://openalex.org/I4210118691","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64492213","display_name":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/037wny167","country_code":"CO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]}],"countries":["CO","KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Claude Rubyogo","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) & Pan-Africa Bean Research Alliance (PABRA), Nairobi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6966-0790","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) & Pan-Africa Bean Research Alliance (PABRA), Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118691","https://openalex.org/I64492213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059008400"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118691","https://openalex.org/I64492213"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.8881999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.8881999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13010","display_name":"Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies","score":0.06710000336170197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11898","display_name":"Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets","score":0.02070000022649765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-stakeholder-platforms","display_name":"multi-stakeholder platforms","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value-addition","display_name":"value addition","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/improved-bean-varieties","display_name":"improved bean varieties","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofortified-beans","display_name":"biofortified beans","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-intelligence","display_name":"market intelligence","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tanzania","display_name":"Tanzania","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rwanda","display_name":"Rwanda","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uganda","display_name":"Uganda","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malawi","display_name":"Malawi","score":0.4830000102519989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6865000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088","display_name":"Commodity","level":2,"score":0.6776000261306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5458999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4821999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121087249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546395","display_name":"Emerging markets","level":2,"score":0.4603999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.41819998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.40470001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.4032999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.39629998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.3799000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779357621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655495","display_name":"Tanzania","level":2,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1670747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396622","display_name":"Agribusiness","level":3,"score":0.31290000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780625559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152592","display_name":"Commercialization","level":2,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78244369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104840706","display_name":"Added value","level":2,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777481183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6770787","display_name":"Market access","level":3,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120330832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166656","display_name":"Supply and demand","level":2,"score":0.2854999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16051113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828814","display_name":"Market share","level":2,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76474335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215551","display_name":"Comparative advantage","level":2,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/00307270261498921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270261498921","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270261498921","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164183727","display_name":"Outlook on Agriculture","issn_l":"0030-7270","issn":["0030-7270","2043-6866"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Outlook on Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"},{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.41670000553131104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116661747","https://openalex.org/W2883393252","https://openalex.org/W2958661145","https://openalex.org/W3112940941","https://openalex.org/W3190298831","https://openalex.org/W4234209443","https://openalex.org/W4282963561","https://openalex.org/W4323568348","https://openalex.org/W4386142090","https://openalex.org/W4391951004","https://openalex.org/W4401836565","https://openalex.org/W4408748929","https://openalex.org/W7169006564","https://openalex.org/W7214742049"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7064301793","https://openalex.org/W2113924488","https://openalex.org/W6999576302","https://openalex.org/W7198483060","https://openalex.org/W6986645563","https://openalex.org/W1931801110","https://openalex.org/W7062518616","https://openalex.org/W7199799843","https://openalex.org/W2247534231","https://openalex.org/W145771969"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,138],"article":[1],"examines":[2],"how":[3,18],"Africa's":[4],"bean":[5,31,72,103,121,173,191,233,268],"sector":[6,269],"has":[7,25],"shifted":[8],"from":[9,106,215,271,293],"a":[10,14,40,146,168,172,224,240,294],"supply":[11],"led":[12],"to":[13,27,99,194,239,254],"market-responsive":[15],"system,":[16],"and":[17,36,54,57,87,102,180,200,283],"the":[19,62,131,185,261,267],"Pan-Africa":[20],"Bean":[21],"Research":[22],"Alliance":[23],"(PABRA)":[24],"contributed":[26],"this":[28,44],"shift":[29],"through":[30,80],"commodity":[32],"corridors,":[33],"multi-stakeholder":[34],"platforms,":[35],"value":[37,178,284],"addition.":[38],"Using":[39],"convergent":[41],"mixed-methods":[42],"design,":[43],"work":[45],"integrates":[46],"institutional":[47],"records,":[48],"trade":[49,159],"corridor":[50,279],"data,":[51],"published":[52],"literature,":[53],"primary":[55],"trader":[56],"consumer":[58],"survey":[59],"data.":[60],"Since":[61],"early":[63],"2000s,":[64],"national":[65],"partners":[66],"have":[67,77],"released":[68],"over":[69,94],"650":[70],"improved":[71,217],"varieties,":[73],"many":[74],"of":[75,136,171,187,299],"which":[76],"spread":[78],"quickly":[79],"traders":[81,112],"in":[82,150,154,258,266],"informal":[83],"grain":[84],"markets.":[85,104],"Corridor":[86],"platform":[88,281],"approaches":[89],"are":[90],"associated":[91],"with":[92,124],"linking":[93],"2.38":[95],"million":[96,197,202],"Tanzanian":[97],"farmers":[98],"access":[100],"seeds":[101],"Results":[105],"selected":[107],"countries":[108],"indicate":[109],"that":[110,157,244,264],"non-retail":[111],"handled":[113],"significantly":[114,220],"larger":[115],"volumes":[116],"than":[117,166,223,292],"retailers":[118],"for":[119,128],"most":[120],"classes,":[122],"consistent":[123],"corridor-based":[125],"bulk":[126],"trade;":[127],"sugar":[129],"beans,":[130],"difference":[132],"fell":[133],"just":[134],"short":[135],"significance.":[137],"pattern":[139],"is":[140,252],"not":[141,153],"uniform:":[142],"purple":[143],"beans":[144,207,214],"show":[145],"significant":[147],"retail/non-retail":[148],"split":[149],"Tanzania":[151],"but":[152],"Rwanda,":[155],"indicating":[156],"corridor-associated":[158],"structuring":[160],"depends":[161],"on":[162],"country":[163],"context":[164],"rather":[165,291],"being":[167],"fixed":[169],"feature":[170],"class.":[174],"Across":[175],"PABRA":[176],"countries,":[177],"addition":[179],"biofortification":[181],"expanded":[182],"market":[183,245],"reach:":[184],"number":[186],"people":[188,203],"consuming":[189],"processed":[190],"products":[192],"rose":[193],"about":[195],"6.1":[196],"by":[198,208],"2022,":[199],"22.14":[201],"were":[204],"eating":[205],"iron-biofortified":[206],"2024.":[209],"In":[210],"Uganda,":[211],"precooked":[212],"dehydrated":[213],"an":[216],"variety":[218,226],"received":[219],"higher":[221],"ratings":[222],"traditional":[225],"across":[227,289],"five":[228],"sensory":[229],"attributes,":[230],"while":[231],"composite":[232],"porridge":[234],"achieved":[235],"overall":[236],"liking":[237],"comparable":[238],"commercial":[241],"benchmark.":[242],"Evidence":[243],"intelligence":[246],"feeds":[247],"back":[248],"into":[249],"breeding":[250],"priorities":[251],"limited":[253],"one":[255],"documented":[256],"case":[257],"Malawi.":[259],"Overall,":[260],"findings":[262],"suggest":[263],"change":[265],"comes":[270],"several":[272],"distinct":[273],"mechanisms":[274],"(demand-led":[275],"breeding,":[276],"trader-mediated":[277],"diffusion,":[278],"structuring,":[280],"coordination":[282],"addition)":[285],"whose":[286],"effects":[287],"vary":[288],"contexts,":[290],"single,":[295],"uniformly":[296],"replicated":[297],"model":[298],"transformation.":[300]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}