{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224079599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijee.v11.no.4.2025.pg115.125","title":"Strategic Cost Management Practices and Efficient Resource Utilization in ODL Programmes in Universities in Rivers State","display_name":"Strategic Cost Management Practices and Efficient Resource Utilization in ODL Programmes in Universities in Rivers State","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224079599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijee.v11.no.4.2025.pg115.125"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.56201/ijee.v11.no.4.2025.pg115.125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijee.v11.no.4.2025.pg115.125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijee.v11.no.4.2025.pg115.125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387281527","display_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND EVALUATION","issn_l":"2489-0073","issn":["2489-0073","2695-1940"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND EVALUATION","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010373893","display_name":"Catherine U. Osuji","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96576516","display_name":"Rivers State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kr7aq59","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96576516"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Catherine U Osuji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Management, Rivers State University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Management, Rivers State University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96576516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010373893"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96576516"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87702175,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"115","last_page":"115"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12171","display_name":"Open Education and E-Learning","score":0.32030001282691956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12171","display_name":"Open Education and E-Learning","score":0.32030001282691956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12204","display_name":"African Education and Politics","score":0.28299999237060547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10797","display_name":"Accounting and Organizational Management","score":0.125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-cost-management","display_name":"strategic cost management","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-utilization","display_name":"resource utilization","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-and-distance-learning","display_name":"open and distance learning","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-administration","display_name":"university administration","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-based-budgeting","display_name":"zero-based budgeting","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-pooling","display_name":"resource pooling","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assessment-practices","display_name":"assessment practices","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-budgeting","display_name":"university budgeting","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rivers-state-university","display_name":"Rivers State University","score":0.7919999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106906290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140909","display_name":"Cronbach's alpha","level":3,"score":0.6245999932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5586000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.554099977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191988596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628374","display_name":"Null hypothesis","level":2,"score":0.5501000285148621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5372999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.4796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.47209998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45739999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.43650001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.42719998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503872463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159595","display_name":"Distance education","level":2,"score":0.4271000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.3529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123961466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061970","display_name":"Change management (ITSM)","level":3,"score":0.35010001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.336899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.3352999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.25859999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86275758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376657","display_name":"Strategic management","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.56201/ijee.v11.no.4.2025.pg115.125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijee.v11.no.4.2025.pg115.125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijee.v11.no.4.2025.pg115.125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387281527","display_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND EVALUATION","issn_l":"2489-0073","issn":["2489-0073","2695-1940"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND EVALUATION","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6164000034332275,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7149327194","https://openalex.org/W7125901601","https://openalex.org/W7224023258","https://openalex.org/W7219925897","https://openalex.org/W6910873438","https://openalex.org/W2574245413","https://openalex.org/W2187341512","https://openalex.org/W7017998448","https://openalex.org/W7221994261","https://openalex.org/W7220069870"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39,47,106,127,183],"study":[1,33,40,51,79,187,197],"examined":[2],"the":[3,30,50,58,67,71,74,78,104,118,121,130,146,163,169,178,186,196,222,225,237],"relationship":[4],"between":[5],"strategic":[6,190],"cost":[7,191],"management":[8,192],"practices":[9,193,206],"and":[10,25,93,117,125,143,151,175,204,216,248],"efficient":[11,211],"resource":[12,202,212],"utilization":[13,213],"in":[14,17,19,44,57,63,77,97,114,149,153,195,214,233,252],"ODL":[15,55,60,98],"programmes":[16],"universities":[18],"Rivers":[20,45,64],"State.":[21,46,65],"Three":[22],"research":[23,37,164],"questions":[24],"three":[26,147],"null":[27],"hypotheses":[28],"guided":[29],"study.":[31,105],"This":[32],"employed":[34],"a":[35,82],"correlational":[36],"design.":[38],"was":[41,132,159,228],"carried":[42],"out":[43],"population":[48,68,76],"of":[49,53,123,129,140,185,224,239,260],"consisted":[52],"48":[54],"administrators":[56],"four":[59],"enabled":[61],"Universities":[62],"Since":[66],"is":[69],"manageable,":[70],"researcher":[72],"engaged":[73],"total":[75],"making":[80],"it":[81,227],"census.":[83],"Two":[84],"self-structured":[85],"questionnaires":[86],"titled":[87],"\u201cStrategic":[88],"Cost":[89],"Management":[90,116],"Practices":[91],"(SCMP)":[92],"Efficient":[94],"Resource":[95],"Utilization":[96],"Proggrammes":[99],"Questionnaire\u201d":[100],"were":[101,108,171],"used":[102,160],"for":[103,145,241],"instruments":[107,131],"validated":[109],"by":[110],"two":[111],"experts,":[112],"one":[113],"Educational":[115],"other":[119],"from":[120],"field":[122],"Measurement":[124],"Evaluation.":[126],"reliability":[128,138],"established":[133],"using":[134],"Cronbach":[135],"Alpha":[136],"yielding":[137],"coefficients":[139],"0.81,":[141],"0.90":[142],"0.76":[144],"clusters":[148],"SCMP":[150],"0.88":[152],"ERUODLQ.":[154],"Pearson":[155],"Product":[156],"Moment":[157],"Correlation":[158],"to":[161,173,177,210,235],"answer":[162],"questions.":[165],"In":[166],"testing":[167],"hypotheses,":[168],"r-values":[170],"transformed":[172],"t-calculated":[174],"compared":[176],"critical":[179],"value":[180],"or":[181],"t-table.":[182],"findings":[184,223],"revealed":[188],"that":[189,232,246,262],"observed":[194],"such":[198],"as":[199],"zero-based":[200],"budgeting;":[201],"pooling":[203],"evaluation":[205],"are":[207],"positively":[208],"related":[209],"Open":[215],"Distance":[217],"Learning":[218],"programmes.":[219],"Based":[220],"on":[221],"study,":[226],"recommended":[229],"amongst":[230],"others":[231],"bid":[234],"achieve":[236],"goal":[238],"education":[240],"all,":[242],"government":[243],"should":[244],"ensure":[245],"open":[247],"distance":[249],"learning":[250],"centres":[251],"tertiary":[253],"institutions":[254],"receives":[255],"allocation":[256],"through":[257],"appropriate":[258],"budgeting":[259],"resources":[261],"would":[263],"enable":[264],"effective":[265],"function.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}