{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224076699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.36160","title":"How particle physics stops ultra-relativistic bubbles and shapes their gravitational waves","display_name":"How particle physics stops ultra-relativistic bubbles and shapes their gravitational waves","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224076699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.36160"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.36160","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.36160","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.36160","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.36160","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085858131","display_name":"\u0410\u043b\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0438\u0430","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4482-9545","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4482-9545"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Strumia, Alessandro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Fisica , Universit\u00e0 di Pisa , Italia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Fisica , Universit\u00e0 di Pisa , Italia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085858131"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.801800012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.801800012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10463","display_name":"Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research","score":0.05810000002384186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.05730000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-order-phase-transition","display_name":"first-order phase transition","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravitational-waves","display_name":"gravitational waves","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bubble-collisions","display_name":"bubble collisions","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landau-pomeranchuk-migdal-effect","display_name":"Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal effect","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-scattering","display_name":"particle scattering","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-density","display_name":"energy density","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yukawa-interaction","display_name":"Yukawa interaction","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-symmetry-breaking","display_name":"global symmetry breaking","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inelastic-collisions","display_name":"inelastic collisions","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-universe-cosmology","display_name":"early universe cosmology","score":0.6079999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8946999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.630299985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5927000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.5058000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190330329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190035","display_name":"Gravitational wave","level":2,"score":0.499099999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4927999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149288129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185357","display_name":"Phase transition","level":2,"score":0.46709999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4661000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124017977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412","display_name":"Gravitation","level":2,"score":0.42669999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983197053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654182","display_name":"Energy spectrum","level":2,"score":0.39469999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3079626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234881","display_name":"Quantum electrodynamics","level":1,"score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110521144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193460","display_name":"Scalar field","level":2,"score":0.374099999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156778621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365748","display_name":"Spectrum (functional analysis)","level":2,"score":0.3321000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.33149999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135649769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27794802","display_name":"Particle density","level":3,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14257148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558066","display_name":"Gravitational field","level":2,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983502797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828402","display_name":"Energy density","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.36160","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.36160","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.36160","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.36160","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.36160","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.36160","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.36160","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.36160","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.36160","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321873","display_name":"Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0166hxq48"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224076699.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7224076699.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964124033","https://openalex.org/W1965057943","https://openalex.org/W1965676479","https://openalex.org/W1998067752","https://openalex.org/W1998909593","https://openalex.org/W2006249008","https://openalex.org/W2038983406","https://openalex.org/W2049018155","https://openalex.org/W2053135586","https://openalex.org/W2073767818","https://openalex.org/W2080454621","https://openalex.org/W2161516708","https://openalex.org/W2164881437","https://openalex.org/W2316954965","https://openalex.org/W2337455196","https://openalex.org/W2346811588","https://openalex.org/W2606841983","https://openalex.org/W2609825292","https://openalex.org/W2614086937","https://openalex.org/W2734329929","https://openalex.org/W2776734130","https://openalex.org/W2802525237","https://openalex.org/W2893117568","https://openalex.org/W2924287771","https://openalex.org/W2942734881","https://openalex.org/W2948726741","https://openalex.org/W3038908926","https://openalex.org/W3041734405","https://openalex.org/W3080556364","https://openalex.org/W3110832997","https://openalex.org/W4307888831","https://openalex.org/W4318962865","https://openalex.org/W4382492114","https://openalex.org/W4386240830","https://openalex.org/W4389219783","https://openalex.org/W4390116042","https://openalex.org/W4390116127","https://openalex.org/W4393026235","https://openalex.org/W4401007195","https://openalex.org/W7201951594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2948726741","https://openalex.org/W7078554871","https://openalex.org/W2346811588","https://openalex.org/W2734329929","https://openalex.org/W3190531405","https://openalex.org/W3110832997","https://openalex.org/W3195066896","https://openalex.org/W2053135586","https://openalex.org/W7169515007","https://openalex.org/W2924287771"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,37],"gravitational-wave":[1],"spectrum":[2,52],"produced":[3],"by":[4],"ultra-relativistic":[5],"bubbles":[6],"in":[7,16,45],"a":[8,23,90],"first-order":[9],"cosmological":[10],"phase":[11],"transition":[12],"can":[13],"be":[14],"approximated":[15],"terms":[17],"of":[18,25,92],"their":[19],"energy":[20,39],"density":[21],"as":[22],"function":[24],"bubble":[26],"size.":[27],"Bubble":[28],"collisions":[29],"and":[30,62,75,94],"post-collision":[31],"classical":[32],"evolution":[33],"negligibly":[34],"change":[35],"it.":[36],"dominant":[38],"loss":[40],"is":[41,80],"particle":[42,78],"scattering,":[43],"often":[44],"the":[46,50,55,60,67],"Landau--Pomeranchuk--Migdal":[47],"regime.":[48],"So":[49],"GW":[51],"depends":[53],"on":[54,66,76],"particle-physics":[56],"coupling":[57],"(interpolating":[58],"between":[59],"`envelope'":[61],"`bulk":[63],"flow'":[64],"limits),":[65],"interaction":[68],"type":[69],"(gauge,":[70],"Yukawa,":[71],"scalar":[72],"quartic,":[73],"...),":[74],"whether":[77],"number":[79],"conserved.":[81],"Finally,":[82],"we":[83],"consider":[84],"broken":[85],"global":[86],"symmetries,":[87],"which":[88],"give":[89],"mixture":[91],"`elastic'":[93],"`inelastic'":[95],"collisions.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-29T00:00:00"}
