{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7224010288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679764","title":"THE ACTIVITIES OF JADID REFORMERS ABROAD: IBRAT, FITRAT, AVLONI, AND BEHBUDIY","display_name":"THE ACTIVITIES OF JADID REFORMERS ABROAD: IBRAT, FITRAT, AVLONI, AND BEHBUDIY","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7224010288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679764"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23679764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679764","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679764","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159972877","display_name":"Urakova Feruza Nurillayevna","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Urakova Feruza Nurillayevna","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159972877"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9527343,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11070","display_name":"Soviet and Russian History","score":0.5810999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11070","display_name":"Soviet and Russian History","score":0.5810999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14417","display_name":"Central Asia Education and Culture","score":0.1695999950170517,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10794","display_name":"Islamic Studies and History","score":0.14329999685287476,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jadidism","display_name":"Jadidism","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abdurauf-fitrat","display_name":"Abdurauf Fitrat","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abdulla-avloni","display_name":"Abdulla Avloni","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-modernization","display_name":"educational modernization","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uzbek-education","display_name":"Uzbek education","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-asia","display_name":"Central Asia","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-language-learning","display_name":"foreign language learning","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-consciousness","display_name":"national consciousness","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uzbek-literature","display_name":"Uzbek literature","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-nineteenth-and-early-twentieth-century","display_name":"late nineteenth and early twentieth century","score":0.6669999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53844881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856122","display_name":"Modernization theory","level":2,"score":0.621399998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780326160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592592","display_name":"Enlightenment","level":2,"score":0.5922999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5187000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778718127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9264","display_name":"Uzbek","level":2,"score":0.5037999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992898055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353979","display_name":"Cultural exchange","level":2,"score":0.4950999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93377909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181648","display_name":"Foreign policy","level":3,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114799590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195695","display_name":"Intellectual history","level":2,"score":0.3314000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206836424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1510761","display_name":"Social change","level":2,"score":0.3301999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779177650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3595759","display_name":"International education","level":3,"score":0.3237000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.3086000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.3066999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778682666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11084414","display_name":"Modernity","level":2,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994546592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990987","display_name":"Social thought","level":3,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992884035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551229","display_name":"Social life","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95124753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875686","display_name":"Environmental ethics","level":1,"score":0.2547999918460846}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23679764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679764","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23679765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23679764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679764","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23679764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6893204962","https://openalex.org/W7134951865","https://openalex.org/W6930300671","https://openalex.org/W7093378976","https://openalex.org/W7220279146","https://openalex.org/W7165262723","https://openalex.org/W7220240531","https://openalex.org/W7162008245","https://openalex.org/W7216396164","https://openalex.org/W7219348272"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"thesis":[1],"explores":[2],"the":[3,22,33,88,104,111,137],"international":[4,107],"activities":[5,102],"of":[6,24,90,106,139],"prominent":[7],"Jadid":[8,112],"reformers":[9,120],"Is\u2019haqkhan":[10],"Ibrat,":[11],"Abdurauf":[12],"Fitrat,":[13],"Abdulla":[14],"Avloni,":[15],"and":[16,27,36,45,65,74,87,98,124,144],"Mahmudkhoja":[17],"Behbudiy,":[18],"who":[19],"contributed":[20],"to":[21,47],"modernization":[23],"education,":[25,67,142],"culture,":[26],"society":[28],"in":[29,55,135],"Central":[30],"Asia":[31],"during":[32,77],"late":[34],"nineteenth":[35],"early":[37],"twentieth":[38],"centuries.":[39],"Their":[40,101,131],"connections":[41],"with":[42,71],"foreign":[43,62],"countries":[44],"exposure":[46],"new":[48,72],"intellectual":[49,75,108],"movements":[50],"played":[51],"an":[52],"important":[53],"role":[54],"shaping":[56],"their":[57,115],"reformist":[58],"ideas.":[59],"Ibrat":[60],"promoted":[61,93],"language":[63],"learning":[64],"modern":[66,140],"while":[68],"Fitrat":[69],"engaged":[70],"cultural":[73],"ideas":[76],"his":[78],"studies":[79],"abroad.":[80],"Avloni":[81],"supported":[82],"educational":[83,99],"modernization,":[84],"moral":[85],"development,":[86],"dissemination":[89],"knowledge.":[91],"Behbudiy":[92],"enlightenment":[94],"through":[95],"journalism,":[96],"theatre,":[97],"reform.":[100],"reflected":[103],"influence":[105],"exchange":[109],"on":[110],"movement.":[113],"Although":[114],"experiences":[116],"differed,":[117],"all":[118],"four":[119],"believed":[121],"that":[122],"education":[123],"knowledge":[125],"were":[126],"essential":[127],"for":[128],"social":[129],"progress.":[130],"legacy":[132],"remains":[133],"significant":[134],"understanding":[136],"development":[138],"Uzbek":[141],"literature,":[143],"national":[145],"consciousness.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-10-28T00:00:00"}
