{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223974260","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19214504","title":"Long-Term Environmental Durability of Recycled Textile-Low-Density Polyethylene Composites Reinforced with Plant Fibers: Mass Uptake, Flexural Stability, and Microbial Colonization","display_name":"Long-Term Environmental Durability of Recycled Textile-Low-Density Polyethylene Composites Reinforced with Plant Fibers: Mass Uptake, Flexural Stability, and Microbial Colonization","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223974260","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19214504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma19214504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19214504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19214504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19214504","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056379658","display_name":"Marcin Ma\u0142ek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5086-3574","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5086-3574","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6540-6577"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800249161","display_name":"Military University of Technology in Warsaw","ror":"https://ror.org/05fct5h31","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marcin Ma\u0142ek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, Genera\u0142a Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5086-3574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, Genera\u0142a Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119534692","display_name":"Norbert Lipka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1875-7805","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1875-7805"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169495764","display_name":"Jan Kochanowski University","ror":"https://ror.org/00krbh354","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169495764"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norbert Lipka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland","VIVE Textile Recycling Sp. z o.o., \u0141opusza\u0144ska 22, 02-220 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1875-7805","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169495764"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"VIVE Textile Recycling Sp. z o.o., \u0141opusza\u0144ska 22, 02-220 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039848074","display_name":"Wies\u0142aw Kaca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8734-7191","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8734-7191"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169495764","display_name":"Jan Kochanowski University","ror":"https://ror.org/00krbh354","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169495764"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wies\u0142aw Kaca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8734-7191","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169495764"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056379658"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800249161"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70474961,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"21","first_page":"4504","last_page":"4504"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10513","display_name":"Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10513","display_name":"Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10661","display_name":"biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12105","display_name":"Hygrothermal properties of building materials","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-polyethylene","display_name":"low-density polyethylene","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-fiber-reinforcement","display_name":"plant fiber reinforcement","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coconut-fiber","display_name":"coconut fiber","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sisal-fiber","display_name":"sisal fiber","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-consumer-textile-waste","display_name":"post-consumer textile waste","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-durability","display_name":"environmental durability","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moisture-absorption","display_name":"moisture absorption","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexural-properties","display_name":"flexural properties","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbial-colonization","display_name":"microbial colonization","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-microbiota","display_name":"surface microbiota","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-exposure","display_name":"soil exposure","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-exposure","display_name":"water exposure","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/16s-rrna-amplicon-sequencing","display_name":"16S rRNA amplicon sequencing","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-community-composition","display_name":"bacterial community composition","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fungal-community-composition","display_name":"fungal community composition","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudomonas","display_name":"Pseudomonas","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serratia","display_name":"Serratia","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus","display_name":"Bacillus","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naganishia","display_name":"Naganishia","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filobasidium","display_name":"Filobasidium","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mucor","display_name":"Mucor","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellulolytic-bacteria","display_name":"cellulolytic bacteria","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trait-analysis","display_name":"trait analysis","score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/building-products","display_name":"building products","score":0.5220000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178405089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857201","display_name":"Flexural strength","level":2,"score":0.9003000259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.7695000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7243000268936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104304963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5316114","display_name":"Durability","level":2,"score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776927270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815962","display_name":"Colonization","level":2,"score":0.49140000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993206177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2844457","display_name":"Amplicon sequencing","level":4,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C809718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5459047","display_name":"Flexural modulus","level":3,"score":0.3474999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143429","display_name":"Polyethylene","level":2,"score":0.33559998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67558686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1770806","display_name":"Molding (decorative)","level":2,"score":0.32690000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778958987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139143","display_name":"Extrusion","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181748761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2641430","display_name":"High-density polyethylene","level":3,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779805667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816713","display_name":"Wood flour","level":2,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777547799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390483","display_name":"SISAL","level":2,"score":0.2671999931335449}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma19214504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19214504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19214504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma19214504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19214504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma19214504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337053","display_name":"Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1458577565","https://openalex.org/W1979209822","https://openalex.org/W1984284869","https://openalex.org/W1986892938","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W1999597013","https://openalex.org/W2029092200","https://openalex.org/W2031611770","https://openalex.org/W2031703036","https://openalex.org/W2034285706","https://openalex.org/W2036897871","https://openalex.org/W2059474375","https://openalex.org/W2064187509","https://openalex.org/W2070330751","https://openalex.org/W2072970694","https://openalex.org/W2083447875","https://openalex.org/W2087189381","https://openalex.org/W2115701239","https://openalex.org/W2118475615","https://openalex.org/W2124351063","https://openalex.org/W2141391611","https://openalex.org/W2147618390","https://openalex.org/W2160378127","https://openalex.org/W2401404581","https://openalex.org/W2508967108","https://openalex.org/W2513506562","https://openalex.org/W2789335896","https://openalex.org/W2807194798","https://openalex.org/W2896833654","https://openalex.org/W2900030356","https://openalex.org/W2963276645","https://openalex.org/W3008755052","https://openalex.org/W3009783859","https://openalex.org/W3034168317","https://openalex.org/W3043063284","https://openalex.org/W3081104246","https://openalex.org/W3108827628","https://openalex.org/W3112417815","https://openalex.org/W3134066739","https://openalex.org/W3174795425","https://openalex.org/W4224266426","https://openalex.org/W4296634967","https://openalex.org/W4375863320","https://openalex.org/W4378471520","https://openalex.org/W4390769100","https://openalex.org/W4401915700","https://openalex.org/W4413840189","https://openalex.org/W4415387306","https://openalex.org/W7197025176"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7211966401","https://openalex.org/W4383311966","https://openalex.org/W2137044712","https://openalex.org/W1557962503","https://openalex.org/W1869885248","https://openalex.org/W2157445952","https://openalex.org/W7214314071","https://openalex.org/W1885947319","https://openalex.org/W2898345527","https://openalex.org/W2039085781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recycled":[0],"textile-polyethylene":[1],"composites":[2,43,79],"combine":[3],"heterogeneous":[4],"polymer":[5],"and":[6,14,53,65,85,99,114,125,136,148,168,176,201,217],"cellulosic":[7],"phases":[8],"whose":[9],"long-term":[10],"response":[11],"to":[12,35],"moisture":[13],"microbial":[15],"colonization":[16,67,230],"determines":[17],"their":[18],"suitability":[19],"for":[20],"building":[21],"products.":[22],"To":[23],"the":[24,27,32,57,126,232],"best":[25],"of":[26,41,56,212,231,245],"authors\u2019":[28],"knowledge,":[29],"this":[30,73],"is":[31],"first":[33],"study":[34],"couple":[36],"one-year,":[37],"real-environment":[38],"(non-accelerated)":[39],"exposure":[40,147],"product-scale":[42],"made":[44],"from":[45],"mixed":[46],"post-consumer":[47],"textile":[48],"waste":[49],"with":[50,87,95,214],"mechanical":[51],"testing":[52],"amplicon-based":[54],"profiling":[55],"viable":[58],"surface":[59,128,149],"microbiota,":[60],"thereby":[61],"linking":[62],"material":[63],"durability":[64],"biological":[66,229],"in":[68,108],"a":[69],"single":[70],"dataset.":[71],"In":[72],"study,":[74],"recycled":[75],"textile-low-density":[76],"polyethylene":[77],"(LDPE)":[78],"produced":[80],"by":[81,132,173,190],"intrusion":[82],"or":[83,91,110,193],"extrusion":[84],"reinforced":[86],"3":[88],"wt.%":[89],"coconut":[90],"sisal":[92],"fibers,":[93],"together":[94],"an":[96],"unreinforced":[97],"reference":[98],"selected":[100],"brushed-surface":[101],"variants,":[102,157],"were":[103,118,130,188],"evaluated":[104],"after":[105,242],"12":[106],"months":[107],"soil":[109],"water.":[111],"Mass":[112,140],"change":[113],"three-point":[115],"flexural":[116,158,162,166,170,237],"properties":[117],"quantified":[119],"using":[120],"five":[121],"specimens":[122],"per":[123],"condition,":[124],"culturable":[127],"communities":[129,187],"characterized":[131],"16S":[133],"rRNA":[134],"(V3\u2013V4)":[135],"ITS1":[137],"amplicon":[138],"sequencing.":[139],"gain":[141],"remained":[142,180,239],"low":[143],"(0.116\u20130.580%),":[144],"although":[145],"water":[146],"brushing":[150],"significantly":[151],"increased":[152],"uptake.":[153],"Across":[154],"all":[155],"material-exposure":[156],"strain":[159],"at":[160,164],"break,":[161,165],"stress":[163,171],"modulus,":[167],"maximum":[169],"decreased":[172],"only":[174],"0.3\u20131.1%,":[175],"every":[177],"uncertainty-normalized":[178],"shift":[179],"below":[181],"0.5":[182],"propagated":[183],"standard":[184],"errors.":[185],"Bacterial":[186],"dominated":[189],"Pseudomonas,":[191],"Serratia,":[192],"Bacillus,":[194],"whereas":[195,235],"fungal":[196],"profiles":[197],"separated":[198],"into":[199],"Naganishia/Filobasidium-rich":[200],"Mucor-dominated":[202],"assemblages.":[203],"A":[204],"literature-based":[205],"trait":[206],"analysis":[207],"revealed":[208],"high":[209],"cumulative":[210],"abundances":[211],"genera":[213],"documented":[215],"cellulose-":[216],"ester-hydrolyzing":[218],"capacity":[219],"and,":[220],"among":[221],"bacteria,":[222],"polyethylene/alkane-oxidizing":[223],"capacity.":[224],"The":[225],"results":[226],"indicate":[227],"persistent":[228],"composite":[233],"surfaces,":[234],"bulk":[236],"performance":[238],"essentially":[240],"unchanged":[241],"one":[243],"year":[244],"environmental":[246],"exposure.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-28T00:00:00"}