{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223923664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15568253261500913","title":"Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase in Infants Aged 0\u20136 Months Across Different Feeding Types: A Cross-Sectional Study","display_name":"Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase in Infants Aged 0\u20136 Months Across Different Feeding Types: A Cross-Sectional Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223923664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15568253261500913","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42935127"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/15568253261500913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15568253261500913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15568253261500913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9886411","display_name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","issn_l":"1556-8253","issn":["1556-8253","1556-8342"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320443","host_organization_name":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320443","https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064670673","display_name":"Selma \u0130nfal Kesim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-6401","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-6401"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137996928","display_name":"Sel\u00e7uk University","ror":"https://ror.org/045hgzm75","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137996928"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Selma Infal Kesim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, Ak\u015fehir Kadir Yallag\u00f6z School of Health, Selcuk University, Konya, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-6401","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Ak\u015fehir Kadir Yallag\u00f6z School of Health, Selcuk University, Konya, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137996928"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027064994","display_name":"Gamze Dem\u0131rel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7596-5929","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7596-5929"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137996928","display_name":"Sel\u00e7uk University","ror":"https://ror.org/045hgzm75","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137996928"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gamze Demirel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ak\u015fehir Kadir Yallag\u00f6z School of Health, Selcuk University, Konya, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ak\u015fehir Kadir Yallag\u00f6z School of Health, Selcuk University, Konya, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137996928"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064670673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137996928"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80686055,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"15568253261500913","last_page":"15568253261500913"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.6011000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.6011000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11294","display_name":"Infant Nutrition and Health","score":0.15690000355243683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10979","display_name":"Breastfeeding Practices and Influences","score":0.07819999754428864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salivary-cortisol","display_name":"salivary cortisol","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salivary-amylase","display_name":"salivary amylase","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infant-feeding-type","display_name":"infant feeding type","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exclusive-breastfeeding","display_name":"exclusive breastfeeding","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottle-feeding","display_name":"bottle feeding","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-feeding","display_name":"mixed feeding","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis","display_name":"hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sympathetic-nervous-system","display_name":"sympathetic nervous system","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-infancy","display_name":"early infancy","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infant-nutrition","display_name":"infant nutrition","score":0.597000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8881999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504460877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155925","display_name":"Saliva","level":2,"score":0.6581000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776283161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174876","display_name":"Breastfeeding","level":2,"score":0.5964000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.5080999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19720800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7722","display_name":"Morning","level":2,"score":0.4828999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778376644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2253111","display_name":"Gestational age","level":3,"score":0.4666999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778709874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190875","display_name":"Hydrocortisone","level":2,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020294031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174876","display_name":"Breast feeding","level":2,"score":0.37459999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.36010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46973012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28627","display_name":"Gestation","level":3,"score":0.323199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422549","display_name":"Glucocorticoid","level":2,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62913699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5173333","display_name":"Cortisol awakening response","level":3,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988405389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6987247","display_name":"Negative correlation","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4128476","display_name":"Birth weight","level":3,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/15568253261500913","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15568253261500913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15568253261500913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9886411","display_name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","issn_l":"1556-8253","issn":["1556-8253","1556-8342"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320443","host_organization_name":"Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320443","https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.","SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42935127","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42935127","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9476000070571899,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6875,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336683","display_name":"Sel\u00e7uk University Research Foundation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W204171329","https://openalex.org/W1976492854","https://openalex.org/W1995995001","https://openalex.org/W2002199334","https://openalex.org/W2011336106","https://openalex.org/W2017521244","https://openalex.org/W2038641701","https://openalex.org/W2050774423","https://openalex.org/W2107672920","https://openalex.org/W2111289387","https://openalex.org/W2129551032","https://openalex.org/W2139703134","https://openalex.org/W2159099457","https://openalex.org/W2169257903","https://openalex.org/W2189451226","https://openalex.org/W2739916740","https://openalex.org/W2967736887","https://openalex.org/W2991095068","https://openalex.org/W3133123370","https://openalex.org/W3157156957","https://openalex.org/W4283577304","https://openalex.org/W4366822194","https://openalex.org/W4378839601","https://openalex.org/W4383877256","https://openalex.org/W4412608716"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2595126835","https://openalex.org/W2885944404","https://openalex.org/W4411873744","https://openalex.org/W2107672920","https://openalex.org/W868375519","https://openalex.org/W1995995001","https://openalex.org/W2038728059","https://openalex.org/W2992033341","https://openalex.org/W2980588096","https://openalex.org/W2593498153"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Early":[0],"infancy":[1],"represents":[2],"a":[3],"critical":[4],"period":[5],"for":[6,111,175],"neuroendocrine":[7],"development,":[8],"during":[9,233],"which":[10],"nutrition":[11,254],"may":[12,224],"influence":[13],"physiological":[14,39],"regulatory":[15],"systems.":[16,262],"Salivary":[17,138],"cortisol,":[18],"reflecting":[19,27],"hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal":[20],"axis":[21],"activity,":[22,31],"and":[23,65,73,109,113,134,180,208],"salivary":[24,63,206],"alpha-amylase":[25],"(sAA),":[26],"sympathetic":[28],"nervous":[29],"system":[30],"are":[32,248],"noninvasive":[33],"biomarkers":[34],"commonly":[35],"used":[36],"to":[37,42,47,74,99,242,250,256],"assess":[38],"processes":[40],"related":[41],"stress.":[43],"This":[44],"study":[45,83],"aimed":[46],"examine":[48],"whether":[49],"feeding":[50,100,144,197,222],"type":[51,223],"(exclusive":[52],"breastfeeding,":[53],"exclusive":[54],"formula":[55],"feeding,":[56],"or":[57],"mixed":[58],"feeding)":[59],"was":[60,84,185,203],"associated":[61,226],"with":[62,149,158,227],"cortisol":[64,112,139,207,231],"sAA":[66,114,190,209,237],"levels":[67,140,151,191,210,232,238],"in":[68,106,146,166,229],"infants":[69,89,156,160],"aged":[70],"0\u20136":[71],"months":[72],"explore":[75],"the":[76,107,167,183,257],"relationship":[77],"between":[78,196,205],"these":[79],"biomarkers.":[80],"A":[81,199],"cross-sectional":[82],"conducted":[85],"among":[86,143,153],"111":[87],"healthy":[88],"attending":[90],"primary":[91],"health":[92],"care":[93],"centers.":[94],"Infants":[95],"were":[96,104,121],"categorized":[97],"according":[98],"type.":[101],"Saliva":[102],"samples":[103],"collected":[105],"morning":[108],"analyzed":[110],"using":[115,123],"enzyme-linked":[116],"immunosorbent":[117],"assays.":[118],"Group":[119],"comparisons":[120],"performed":[122],"nonparametric":[124,130,171],"tests,":[125],"Pearson":[126],"correlation":[127,202],"analysis,":[128],"Quade\u2019s":[129],"analysis":[131,169],"of":[132,259],"covariance,":[133],"multiple":[135],"linear":[136],"regression.":[137],"differed":[141],"significantly":[142,195],"groups":[145],"initial":[147],"analyses,":[148],"higher":[150],"observed":[152,204],"exclusively":[154],"breastfed":[155],"compared":[157],"formula-fed":[159],"(":[161,211],"p":[162,215],"<":[163,216],"0.05).":[164],"However,":[165],"adjusted":[168],"(Quade\u2019s":[170],"ANCOVA),":[172],"after":[173],"adjustment":[174],"infant":[176,230,260],"age,":[177],"gestational":[178],"week,":[179],"birth":[181],"weight,":[182],"association":[184],"no":[186],"longer":[187],"statistically":[188],"significant.":[189],"did":[192],"not":[193],"differ":[194],"groups.":[198],"moderate":[200],"positive":[201],"r":[212],"=":[213],"0.360,":[214],"0.001).":[217],"These":[218],"findings":[219],"suggest":[220],"that":[221],"be":[225],"variation":[228],"early":[234,253],"infancy,":[235],"while":[236],"appear":[239],"less":[240],"sensitive":[241],"feeding-related":[243],"differences.":[244],"Further":[245],"longitudinal":[246],"studies":[247],"needed":[249],"clarify":[251],"how":[252],"relates":[255],"development":[258],"stress-regulation":[261]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-28T00:00:00"}