{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223883709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15218314","title":"Clinical, Psychological, and Behavioral Factors Associated with Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis","display_name":"Clinical, Psychological, and Behavioral Factors Associated with Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223883709","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15218314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcm15218314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15218314","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15218314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737969411","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","issn_l":"2077-0383","issn":["2077-0383"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15218314","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069086260","display_name":"Wioletta Miku\u013e\u00e1kova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-8771","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-8771"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173161963","display_name":"University of Pre\u0161ov","ror":"https://ror.org/02ndfsn03","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wioletta Miku\u013e\u00e1kov\u00e1","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-8771","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051389365","display_name":"Eleon\u00f3ra Kl\u00edmov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6259-4439","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6259-4439"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173161963","display_name":"University of Pre\u0161ov","ror":"https://ror.org/02ndfsn03","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eleon\u00f3ra Kl\u00edmov\u00e1","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062514133","display_name":"Miloslav Gajdo\u0161","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6457-7867","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6457-7867"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173161963","display_name":"University of Pre\u0161ov","ror":"https://ror.org/02ndfsn03","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miloslav Gajdo\u0161","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6457-7867","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042609288","display_name":"\u0160tef\u00e1nia Andra\u0161\u010d\u00edkov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7960-6168","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7960-6168"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173161963","display_name":"University of Pre\u0161ov","ror":"https://ror.org/02ndfsn03","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0160tef\u00e1nia Andra\u0161\u010d\u00edkov\u00e1","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7960-6168","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077026553","display_name":"Joanna Rosi\u0144\u0107zuk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-2287","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-2287"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173161963","display_name":"University of Pre\u0161ov","ror":"https://ror.org/02ndfsn03","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I385303915","display_name":"Wroclaw Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01qpw1b93","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}],"countries":["PL","SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joanna Rosi\u0144czuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia","Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Wroclaw Medical University, Bartla 5, 51-618 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7359-2287","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Wroclaw Medical University, Bartla 5, 51-618 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I385303915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103092011","display_name":"Lucia Demjanovi\u010d Kendrov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4008-8185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4008-8185"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173161963","display_name":"University of Pre\u0161ov","ror":"https://ror.org/02ndfsn03","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucia Demjanovi\u010d Kendrov\u00e1","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4008-8185","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Care, University of Pre\u0161ov in Pre\u0161ov, Partiz\u00e1nska 1 St., 080 01 Pre\u0161ov, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069086260"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173161963"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84167132,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"21","first_page":"8314","last_page":"8314"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10137","display_name":"Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10178","display_name":"Cancer survivorship and care","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-sclerosis","display_name":"multiple sclerosis","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatigue-severity","display_name":"fatigue severity","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pain","display_name":"pain","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depressive-symptoms","display_name":"depressive symptoms","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anxiety","display_name":"anxiety","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinesiophobia","display_name":"kinesiophobia","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise","display_name":"physical activity","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurological-deficit","display_name":"neurological deficit","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-factors","display_name":"psychological factors","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-factors","display_name":"behavioral factors","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatigue-analysis","display_name":"fatigue analysis","score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidisciplinary-care","display_name":"multidisciplinary care","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slovakia","display_name":"Slovakia","score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sf-36-bodily-pain","display_name":"SF-36 bodily pain","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modified-fatigue-impact-scale","display_name":"Modified Fatigue Impact Scale","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expanded-disability-status-scale","display_name":"Expanded Disability Status Scale","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zung-self-rating-depression-scale","display_name":"Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beck-anxiety-inventory","display_name":"Beck Anxiety Inventory","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tampa-scale-for-kinesiophobia","display_name":"Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia","score":0.9430000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9013000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6523000001907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.6201000213623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.607200026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779631380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q813655","display_name":"Beck Depression Inventory","level":3,"score":0.5726000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.5565999746322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019858935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4340209","display_name":"Depressive symptoms","level":3,"score":0.4666000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138528620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2510752","display_name":"Explained variation","level":2,"score":0.459199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.4575999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.4171999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40119999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778739829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027611","display_name":"Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale","level":3,"score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776653193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4878596","display_name":"Beck Anxiety Inventory","level":4,"score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30036603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125150","display_name":"Severity of illness","level":2,"score":0.3531999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777831278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q540571","display_name":"Fibromyalgia","level":2,"score":0.325300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781118164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088113","display_name":"Chronic pain","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780907711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163","display_name":"Low back pain","level":3,"score":0.29649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780892749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929518","display_name":"Expanded Disability Status Scale","level":3,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779625216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1179623","display_name":"Physical disability","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.2531999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14184104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362526","display_name":"Visual analogue scale","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcm15218314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15218314","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15218314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737969411","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","issn_l":"2077-0383","issn":["2077-0383"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcm15218314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15218314","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15218314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737969411","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","issn_l":"2077-0383","issn":["2077-0383"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185235087","https://openalex.org/W1976136844","https://openalex.org/W1979374594","https://openalex.org/W1992651649","https://openalex.org/W1998038188","https://openalex.org/W2017544610","https://openalex.org/W2080623630","https://openalex.org/W2094827378","https://openalex.org/W2105490558","https://openalex.org/W2110112325","https://openalex.org/W2112165124","https://openalex.org/W2113842511","https://openalex.org/W2120265437","https://openalex.org/W2122545833","https://openalex.org/W2130355701","https://openalex.org/W2160404429","https://openalex.org/W2169322502","https://openalex.org/W2170332928","https://openalex.org/W2170689912","https://openalex.org/W2179819431","https://openalex.org/W2345309727","https://openalex.org/W2777074421","https://openalex.org/W2784859886","https://openalex.org/W2801803868","https://openalex.org/W2911647303","https://openalex.org/W2983125340","https://openalex.org/W3011616854","https://openalex.org/W3101402950","https://openalex.org/W3157526824","https://openalex.org/W3217642070","https://openalex.org/W4205904659","https://openalex.org/W4210520517","https://openalex.org/W4213166297","https://openalex.org/W4221089279","https://openalex.org/W4225416377","https://openalex.org/W4238079920","https://openalex.org/W4292229870","https://openalex.org/W4309293813","https://openalex.org/W4380680882","https://openalex.org/W4388832356","https://openalex.org/W4394685613","https://openalex.org/W4398775671","https://openalex.org/W4407616945","https://openalex.org/W4412098949","https://openalex.org/W4412868810","https://openalex.org/W4417297821"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386643644","https://openalex.org/W2109158135","https://openalex.org/W2321097931","https://openalex.org/W2084107302","https://openalex.org/W2139655506","https://openalex.org/W7125776165","https://openalex.org/W2799948908","https://openalex.org/W4412695792","https://openalex.org/W1976844235","https://openalex.org/W4384666576"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background/Objectives:":[0],"Fatigue":[1,84,276],"is":[2,16,279],"one":[3],"of":[4,11,148,297,308],"the":[5,76,93,108,224,295],"most":[6],"common":[7],"and":[8,15,21,39,60,71,82,102,123,166,186,207,220,258,284],"disabling":[9],"symptoms":[10,178,257],"multiple":[12],"sclerosis":[13],"(MS)":[14],"associated":[17,31,139,199,289],"with":[18,32,37,54,140,200,290],"clinical,":[19],"psychological,":[20],"behavioral":[22],"factors.":[23],"This":[24,48],"study":[25,50],"aimed":[26],"to":[27,44,135,273],"identify":[28,136],"factors":[29,137,300],"independently":[30,138,198,288],"fatigue":[33,45,72,208,259,303],"severity":[34],"in":[35,56,277,301,305],"patients":[36,53],"MS":[38,55,278],"assess":[40],"their":[41],"relative":[42],"contribution":[43],"variability.":[46],"Methods:":[47],"cross-sectional":[49],"included":[51],"148":[52],"Slovakia":[57],"(105":[58],"women":[59],"43":[61],"men;":[62],"mean":[63],"age":[64],"42.21":[65],"\u00b1":[66],"9.84":[67],"years).":[68],"Neurological":[69],"disability":[70],"were":[73,105,197,287],"assessed":[74,91,106],"using":[75,92,107],"Expanded":[77],"Disability":[78],"Status":[79],"Scale":[80,86,112,119],"(EDSS)":[81],"Modified":[83],"Impact":[85],"(MFIS),":[87],"respectively.":[88,129],"Pain":[89,96,161],"was":[90,133,209,262,315],"SF-36":[94,159],"Bodily":[95,160],"domain.":[97],"Depressive":[98],"symptoms,":[99,283],"anxiety,":[100],"kinesiophobia,":[101],"physical":[103,188,285],"activity":[104,189,286],"Zung":[109],"Self-Rating":[110],"Depression":[111],"(SDS),":[113],"Beck":[114],"Anxiety":[115],"Inventory":[116],"(BAI),":[117],"Tampa":[118],"for":[120],"Kinesiophobia":[121,237],"(TSK),":[122],"Godin":[124],"Leisure-Time":[125],"Exercise":[126],"Questionnaire":[127],"(GLTEQ),":[128],"Hierarchical":[130],"linear":[131],"regression":[132],"used":[134],"fatigue.":[141,202,291],"Results:":[142],"The":[143,203,251],"final":[144],"model":[145],"explained":[146,225],"50.7%":[147],"MFIS":[149],"variance":[150,226,244],"(R2":[151],"=":[152,156,170,181,192,195,216,232,246,249,267],"0.507;":[153],"adjusted":[154],"R2":[155],"0.463).":[157],"Lower":[158],"scores,":[162],"indicating":[163],"greater":[164,201],"pain":[165],"pain-related":[167],"interference":[168],"(\u03b2":[169],"\u22120.412;":[171],"p":[172,183,194,234,248],"<":[173,184,235],"0.001),":[174,185],"more":[175],"severe":[176],"depressive":[177,256,282],"(SDS;":[179],"\u03b2":[180,191],"0.266;":[182],"lower":[187],"(GLTEQ;":[190],"\u22120.151;":[193],"0.027),":[196],"association":[204,254,312,321],"between":[205,255],"EDSS":[206],"not":[210,239,263],"statistically":[211,241,264],"significant":[212,242,265],"after":[213],"adjustment":[214],"(p":[215],"0.162).":[217],"SDS,":[218],"BAI,":[219],"GLTEQ":[221],"jointly":[222],"increased":[223],"by":[227],"9.1":[228],"percentage":[229],"points":[230],"(\u0394R2":[231,245],"0.091;":[233],"0.001).":[236],"did":[238],"explain":[240],"additional":[243,310],"0.001;":[247],"0.539).":[250],"estimated":[252],"indirect":[253],"through":[260],"kinesiophobia":[261,314],"(B":[266],"\u22120.010;":[268],"95%":[269],"bootstrap":[270],"CI":[271],"\u22120.063":[272],"0.025).":[274],"Conclusions:":[275],"multifactorial.":[280],"Pain,":[281],"These":[292],"findings":[293],"suggest":[294],"relevance":[296],"considering":[298],"these":[299],"multidisciplinary":[302],"assessment":[304],"MS.":[306],"Evidence":[307],"an":[309],"independent":[311],"involving":[313],"insufficient,":[316],"but":[317],"a":[318],"clinically":[319],"relevant":[320],"cannot":[322],"be":[323],"excluded.":[324]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-28T00:00:00"}