{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223702938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037","title":"Profiles of literacy, dietary habits, and sleep in Portuguese Schoolchildren: A cluster analysis","display_name":"Profiles of literacy, dietary habits, and sleep in Portuguese Schoolchildren: A cluster analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223702938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1037/72464993/ckag169.1037.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1037/72464993/ckag169.1037.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159593269","display_name":"M J Batalha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169427155","display_name":"Universidade de Leiria e Oeste","ror":"https://ror.org/010dvvh94","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252419","display_name":"Centro de Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Tecnologias e Cuidados de Sa\u00fade","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsh1a40","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155","https://openalex.org/I4405252419"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83558840","display_name":"Universidade Nova de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/02xankh89","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83558840"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M J Batalha","raw_affiliation_strings":[", Leiria Leiria ,",", Lisbon ,","ENSP-NOVA \u2013 Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Lisbon ,","ciTechCare \u2013 Centro de Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Tecnologias e Cuidados de Sa\u00fade, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":", Leiria Leiria ,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Lisbon ,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENSP-NOVA \u2013 Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Lisbon ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83558840"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ciTechCare \u2013 Centro de Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Tecnologias e Cuidados de Sa\u00fade, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155","https://openalex.org/I4405252419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159670059","display_name":"A R Pedro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258683","display_name":"Comprehensive Health Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/012bp0978","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258683","https://openalex.org/I83558840"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83558840","display_name":"Universidade Nova de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/02xankh89","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83558840"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A R Pedro","raw_affiliation_strings":[", Lisbon ,","CHRC \u2013 Comprehensive Health Research Center, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Lisbon ,","ENSP-NOVA \u2013 Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Lisbon ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":", Lisbon ,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CHRC \u2013 Comprehensive Health Research Center, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Lisbon ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258683","https://openalex.org/I83558840"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ENSP-NOVA \u2013 Escola Nacional de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Lisbon ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83558840"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159615778","display_name":"A Gra\u00e7a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Gra\u00e7a","raw_affiliation_strings":["C\u00e2mara Municipal de Leiria , Leiria,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"C\u00e2mara Municipal de Leiria , Leiria,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159703268","display_name":"S S Dias","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169427155","display_name":"Universidade de Leiria e Oeste","ror":"https://ror.org/010dvvh94","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252419","display_name":"Centro de Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Tecnologias e Cuidados de Sa\u00fade","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsh1a40","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155","https://openalex.org/I4405252419"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S S Dias","raw_affiliation_strings":[", Leiria Leiria ,","ESSLei \u2013 Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria ,","ciTechCare \u2013 Centro de Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Tecnologias e Cuidados de Sa\u00fade, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":", Leiria Leiria ,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESSLei \u2013 Escola Superior de Sa\u00fade, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ciTechCare \u2013 Centro de Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Tecnologias e Cuidados de Sa\u00fade, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155","https://openalex.org/I4405252419"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159703268"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155","https://openalex.org/I4405252419"],"apc_list":{"value":2815,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3181},"apc_paid":{"value":2815,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3181},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84325871,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"Supplement_5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10010","display_name":"Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet","score":0.29420000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10010","display_name":"Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet","score":0.29420000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12873","display_name":"Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior","score":0.266400009393692,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12831","display_name":"School Health and Nursing Education","score":0.11089999973773956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-and-nutrition-literacy","display_name":"food and nutrition literacy","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-literacy","display_name":"health literacy","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eating-habits","display_name":"dietary habits","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediterranean-diet-adherence","display_name":"Mediterranean diet adherence","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-disturbance","display_name":"sleep disorders","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elementary-school-students","display_name":"elementary school students","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-health","display_name":"child health","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-education","display_name":"parental education","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-income","display_name":"household income","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociodemographic-factors","display_name":"sociodemographic factors","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-health-promotion","display_name":"school health promotion","score":0.8199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.7402999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.6107000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.505299985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778962194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47564","display_name":"Mediterranean diet","level":2,"score":0.4593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.45170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4453999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.4375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.43650001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778843546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3097973","display_name":"Health literacy","level":3,"score":0.42590001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4059000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35219183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5146","display_name":"Portuguese","level":2,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129047720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175185","display_name":"Rural area","level":2,"score":0.35740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98147612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215599","display_name":"Promotion (chess)","level":3,"score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185618831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851928","display_name":"Health promotion","level":3,"score":0.33149999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70727504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806878","display_name":"Latent class model","level":2,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019903994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35831","display_name":"Sleep patterns","level":3,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183380357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776598","display_name":"Cluster sampling","level":3,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176400912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3058662","display_name":"Cluster randomised controlled trial","level":3,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113807197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60894","display_name":"Health education","level":3,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776987068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5136701","display_name":"Cluster grouping","level":2,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780662849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48768339","display_name":"Food frequency questionnaire","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778880076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750553","display_name":"Brazilian Portuguese","level":3,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129230472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767036","display_name":"Food group","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1037/72464993/ckag169.1037.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13699623","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13699623/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13699623/pdf/ckag169.1037.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eur J Public Health","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1037","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1037/72464993/ckag169.1037.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6735000014305115,"display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5676000118255615,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5385000109672546,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223702938.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223702938.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410503118","https://openalex.org/W4384393169","https://openalex.org/W3032719979","https://openalex.org/W4392870648","https://openalex.org/W7223707357","https://openalex.org/W2065675467","https://openalex.org/W2109680486","https://openalex.org/W3021947873","https://openalex.org/W3133780071","https://openalex.org/W7123345155"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Food":[2],"and":[3,9,31,37,54,61,74,81,89,108,130,143,168,191,211,233,237,242,266,293],"nutrition":[4,75],"literacy,":[5,7,164,231,264],"health":[6,78,251,282,303],"diet,":[8,232,265],"sleep":[10,82,149,170,195,221,234,267],"are":[11],"key":[12],"determinants":[13],"of":[14,22,28,230,263],"child":[15],"health.":[16],"This":[17],"study":[18],"identified":[19,236,269,286],"distinct":[20,112,261],"profiles":[21,229,262,287],"these":[23],"factors,":[24,244,295],"enabling":[25],"the":[26,100,140,158,182,246,297],"identification":[27],"at-risk":[29],"subgroups":[30],"their":[32],"characterization":[33],"according":[34],"to":[35,199,207,275],"sociodemographic":[36,241,292],"behavioral":[38,62,243,294],"factors.":[39],"Methods":[40],"The":[41,285],"sample":[42],"comprised":[43],"284":[44],"students":[45],"(grades":[46],"5\u20136,":[47],"aged":[48],"9\u201313":[49],"years)":[50],"from":[51,273],"urban,":[52],"peri-urban,":[53],"rural":[55],"schools":[56],"in":[57,175,224,254,281],"Leiria,":[58],"Portugal.":[59],"Sociodemographic":[60],"data":[63],"were":[64,86,104,114,205,235,238,268,288],"collected.":[65],"Validated":[66],"instruments":[67],"assessed":[68],"Mediterranean":[69],"diet":[70,144,166,192],"adherence":[71],"(KIDMED),":[72],"food":[73],"literacy":[76,79,142,190],"(E-LAN),":[77],"(LiSaKIDS),":[80],"disturbances":[83],"(SSR-PT).":[84],"Variables":[85],"standardized":[87],"(z-scores),":[88],"k-means":[90],"cluster":[91],"analysis":[92],"was":[93],"performed,":[94],"identifying":[95],"four":[96],"clusters":[97,113,204],"based":[98],"on":[99],"elbow":[101],"method.":[102],"Clusters":[103],"described":[105],"using":[106],"means":[107],"frequencies/percentages.":[109],"Results":[110],"Four":[111,260],"identified:":[115],"Cluster":[116,121,126,131,137,156,178,186,225],"1":[117,179],"(\u201dModerately":[118],"Balanced\u201d,":[119],"22.2%),":[120],"2":[122,138],"(\u201dOptimal":[123],"Profile\u201d,":[124],"34.2%),":[125],"3":[127],"(\u201dVulnerable\u201d,":[128],"20.1%),":[129],"4":[132,187],"(\u201dHealthy":[133],"but":[134],"Sleep-Challenged\u201d,":[135],"23.6%).":[136],"exhibited":[139],"highest":[141],"adherence,":[145,167],"along":[146],"with":[147,193,214,219,278,291],"minimal":[148],"disturbances,":[150,171,222],"primarily":[151],"comprising":[152],"5th-grade":[153],"urban":[154],"students.":[155],"3,":[157],"most":[159],"vulnerable,":[160],"showed":[161],"significantly":[162],"lower":[163],"poorer":[165],"higher":[169,208],"predominantly":[172],"affecting":[173],"boys":[174],"peri-urban":[176],"areas.":[177],"fell":[180],"near":[181],"cohort":[183],"mean,":[184],"while":[185],"combined":[188],"good":[189],"moderate":[194],"issues,":[196],"potentially":[197],"linked":[198],"nighttime":[200,215],"device":[201,216],"use.":[202],"Healthier":[203],"tied":[206],"parental":[209],"education":[210],"household":[212],"income,":[213],"use":[217],"correlating":[218],"increased":[220],"especially":[223],"3.":[226],"Conclusions":[227],"Distinct":[228],"shaped":[239],"by":[240],"supporting":[245],"need":[247,298],"for":[248,299],"targeted,":[249,300],"subgroup-specific":[250,301],"promotion":[252,304],"strategies":[253],"school":[255],"settings.":[256],"Key":[257],"messages":[258],"\u2022":[259,284],"among":[270],"schoolchildren,":[271],"ranging":[272],"optimal":[274],"vulnerable":[276],"patterns":[277],"clear":[279],"differences":[280],"behaviors.":[283],"strongly":[289],"associated":[290],"highlighting":[296],"school-based":[302],"strategies.":[305]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-10-27T00:00:00"}