{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223672642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137","title":"Long COVID versus FM/CFS/ME: overlap and differences in patient-reported burden","display_name":"Long COVID versus FM/CFS/ME: overlap and differences in patient-reported burden","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223672642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1137/72465183/ckag169.1137.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1137/72465183/ckag169.1137.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159696772","display_name":"D Lerma-Irureta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D Lerma-Irureta","raw_affiliation_strings":["GAIAP, Health Research Institute Arag\u00f3n , Zaragoza,","Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GAIAP, Health Research Institute Arag\u00f3n , Zaragoza,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159595618","display_name":"R Magall\u00f3n-Botaya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Magall\u00f3n-Botaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["GAIAP, Health Research Institute Arag\u00f3n , Zaragoza,","Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GAIAP, Health Research Institute Arag\u00f3n , Zaragoza,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159713514","display_name":"F M\u00e9ndez-L\u00f3pez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F M\u00e9ndez-L\u00f3pez","raw_affiliation_strings":["GAIAP, Health Research Institute Arag\u00f3n , Zaragoza,","Physiatry and Nursery, Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GAIAP, Health Research Institute Arag\u00f3n , Zaragoza,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physiatry and Nursery, Universidad de Zaragoza , Zaragoza,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066295052","display_name":"B Olivan-Bl\u00e1zquez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I255234318","display_name":"Universidad de Zaragoza","ror":"https://ror.org/012a91z28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Olivan-Bl\u00e1zquez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Social and Work Sciences, University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza,","GAIAP, Health Research Institute Arag\u00f3n , Zaragoza,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Social and Work Sciences, University of Zaragoza , Zaragoza,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GAIAP, Health Research Institute Arag\u00f3n , Zaragoza,","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159696772"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I255234318"],"apc_list":{"value":2815,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3181},"apc_paid":{"value":2815,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3181},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80976078,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"Supplement_5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11282","display_name":"Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-covid","display_name":"long COVID","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibromyalgia","display_name":"fibromyalgia","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-fatigue-syndrome","display_name":"chronic fatigue syndrome","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatigue","display_name":"fatigue","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-quality","display_name":"sleep quality","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depressive-symptoms","display_name":"depressive symptoms","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-capacity","display_name":"exercise capacity","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-disability","display_name":"functional disability","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care","display_name":"primary care","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.7311000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6402999758720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776245837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25053505","display_name":"Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index","level":4,"score":0.5449000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.4788999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30036603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125150","display_name":"Severity of illness","level":2,"score":0.40869998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.3783999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019858935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4340209","display_name":"Depressive symptoms","level":3,"score":0.3732999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.3549000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.321399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.3098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874","display_name":"Comorbidity","level":2,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909041561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25099514","display_name":"Frailty Index","level":2,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778564845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18207666","display_name":"Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale","level":4,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1137/72465183/ckag169.1137.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13698294","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13698294/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13698294/pdf/ckag169.1137.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eur J Public Health","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1137","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1137/72465183/ckag169.1137.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223672642.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7223694871","https://openalex.org/W4214880569","https://openalex.org/W3158840448","https://openalex.org/W7167267199","https://openalex.org/W4407055907","https://openalex.org/W4396906402","https://openalex.org/W7164044329","https://openalex.org/W4396696418","https://openalex.org/W7223680530","https://openalex.org/W7165740327"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Long":[2,191,232],"COVID":[3,50,83,192,225,233],"shares":[4],"prominent":[5],"symptoms":[6,176],"with":[7,160,199,242],"fibromyalgia/chronic":[8],"fatigue":[9],"syndrome/myalgic":[10],"encephalomyelitis":[11],"(FM/CFS/ME),":[12],"but":[13],"the":[14,42,219],"extent":[15],"of":[16,41,168,223],"overlap":[17,238],"and":[18,22,54,70,84,103,113,122,130,132,142,177,193,214,234,262],"separation":[19],"in":[20,45,77,97,101,105,226,239],"patient-reported":[21],"functional":[23,221],"burden":[24],"is":[25],"still":[26],"unclear.":[27],"We":[28,36,57],"compared":[29,58],"both":[30,182,243],"groups":[31,183,244],"against":[32],"recovered":[33,55],"controls.":[34,56,91,106,189,249],"Methods":[35],"performed":[37],"a":[38,208],"cross-sectional":[39],"analysis":[40],"ARALONGCOV":[43],"database":[44],"Aragon,":[46],"Spain,":[47],"including":[48],"long":[49,82,98,161,224],"cases,":[51],"FM/CFS/ME":[52,85,102,163,194,200,235,251],"participants":[53,164],"SF-12,":[59],"Fatigue":[60],"Severity":[61],"Scale":[62],"(FSS),":[63],"Pittsburgh":[64],"Sleep":[65],"Quality":[66],"Index":[67],"(PSQI),":[68],"PHQ-9":[69,125],"6-minute":[71,134],"walk":[72,135],"distance":[73],"using":[74],"available":[75],"data":[76],"each":[78],"domain.":[79],"Results":[80],"Both":[81],"showed":[86,165,195,236],"substantially":[87],"worse":[88],"outcomes":[89],"than":[90,188,248],"Median":[92,107],"SF-12":[93],"scores":[94,109,118,126],"were":[95,110,119,127,137,148,184],"32.1":[96],"COVID,":[99,162],"20.4":[100],"87.5":[104],"FSS":[108],"57,":[111],"61":[112],"6,":[114],"respectively;":[115],"median":[116,124,133],"PSQI":[117],"12,":[120,128],"14":[121],"6;":[123],"15":[129],"1;":[131],"distances":[136],"440":[138],"m,":[139],"418":[140],"m":[141],"541.5":[143],"m.":[144],"Global":[145],"between-group":[146],"differences":[147],"highly":[149],"significant":[150],"across":[151],"all":[152],"domains":[153],"(all":[154],"p":[155],"<":[156],"0.001).":[157],"Compared":[158],"directly":[159],"poorer":[166,172],"quality":[167],"life,":[169],"higher":[170],"fatigue,":[171],"sleep,":[173],"more":[174,186,202,246,254],"depressive":[175],"lower":[178],"exercise":[179],"capacity,":[180],"although":[181],"markedly":[185],"impaired":[187,247],"Conclusions":[190],"overlapping":[196],"multidimensional":[197,240],"burden,":[198,241],"generally":[201,253],"severely":[203,255],"affected.":[204],"These":[205],"findings":[206],"support":[207],"comparative":[209,258],"framework":[210],"for":[211],"studying":[212],"shared":[213,261],"distinct":[215,263],"mechanisms,":[216],"while":[217],"highlighting":[218],"substantial":[220],"impact":[222],"primary":[227],"care.":[228],"Key":[229],"messages":[230],"\u2022":[231,250],"marked":[237],"far":[245],"was":[252],"affected,":[256],"supporting":[257],"research":[259],"on":[260],"mechanisms.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-27T00:00:00"}
