{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223661448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130","title":"Declining IHD mortality in Central Europe, 2000\u20132023: trends, disparities and risk factors","display_name":"Declining IHD mortality in Central Europe, 2000\u20132023: trends, disparities and risk factors","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223661448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1130/72465644/ckag169.1130.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1130/72465644/ckag169.1130.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159683428","display_name":"J Pekarcikova","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I144246526","display_name":"University of Trnava","ror":"https://ror.org/05nj8rv48","country_code":"SK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I144246526"]}],"countries":["SK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J Pekarcikova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Care and Social Work, Trnava University , Trnava, Slovakia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Care and Social Work, Trnava University , Trnava, Slovakia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I144246526"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159599604","display_name":"M O\u2019Mullane","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27577105","display_name":"University College Cork","ror":"https://ror.org/03265fv13","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M \u00d3Mullane","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Health, University College Cork , Cork,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, University College Cork , Cork,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159683428"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I144246526"],"apc_list":{"value":2815,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3181},"apc_paid":{"value":2815,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3181},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81523226,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"Supplement_5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12935","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Public Health","score":0.8852999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12935","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Public Health","score":0.8852999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13522","display_name":"Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors","score":0.11219999939203262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ischemic-heart-disease-mortality","display_name":"ischemic heart disease mortality","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality-trends","display_name":"mortality trends","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-europe","display_name":"Central Europe","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-disparities","display_name":"health disparities","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences-in-mortality","display_name":"sex differences in mortality","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiometabolic-risk-factors","display_name":"cardiometabolic risk factors","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systolic-blood-pressure","display_name":"systolic blood pressure","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ldl-cholesterol","display_name":"LDL cholesterol","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-intake","display_name":"sodium intake","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particulate-matter-pollution","display_name":"particulate matter pollution","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attributable-mortality","display_name":"attributable mortality","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease-prevention","display_name":"cardiovascular disease prevention","score":0.6209999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.6136000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.5792999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.44130000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.40939998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.40549999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020448403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282120","display_name":"Burden of disease","level":3,"score":0.35659998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151913843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454555","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.35089999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777984932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7336293","display_name":"Risk of mortality","level":2,"score":0.33889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018792137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6914399","display_name":"Excess mortality","level":3,"score":0.3375000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29374701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931388","display_name":"Cause of death","level":3,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018906752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935","display_name":"Coronary heart disease","level":2,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16851059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182467","display_name":"Attributable risk","level":3,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986834420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5932254","display_name":"Age groups","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46578552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725393","display_name":"Global health","level":3,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160050368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132453","display_name":"Developed country","level":3,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1130/72465644/ckag169.1130.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13699202","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13699202/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13699202/pdf/ckag169.1130.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eur J Public Health","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckag169.1130","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-pdf/36/Supplement_5/ckag169.1130/72465644/ckag169.1130.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220588","display_name":"European Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"1101-1262","issn":["1101-1262","1464-360X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5676000118255615}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223661448.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3108359442","https://openalex.org/W3198030583","https://openalex.org/W7128054058","https://openalex.org/W4391167985","https://openalex.org/W4388595191","https://openalex.org/W4384283707","https://openalex.org/W7223701670","https://openalex.org/W4404382457","https://openalex.org/W2005796050","https://openalex.org/W2997962143"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Ischemic":[2,242],"heart":[3,243],"disease":[4,244],"(IHD)":[5],"remains":[6],"a":[7,119],"leading":[8],"cause":[9],"of":[10,37,187,218,279],"mortality":[11,23,47,85,93,160,202,245],"in":[12,22,51,134,140,143,200,203,246],"Central":[13,52,204,247],"Europe":[14,53,248],"despite":[15],"long-term":[16],"declines.":[17],"This":[18],"study":[19],"examines":[20],"trends":[21],"alongside":[24],"persistent":[25,208],"inequalities":[26,114,209,257],"and":[27,56,64,75,90,130,179,207,213,236,253,260,272],"modifiable":[28,78,219],"risk":[29,79,189,221,266],"factors.":[30],"Methods":[31],"Data":[32],"from":[33,97],"the":[34,123,224,233,276],"Global":[35],"Burden":[36],"Disease":[38],"Study":[39],"2023":[40],"were":[41,59,81,161],"used":[42],"to":[43,99,159,163,226,231],"analyse":[44],"age-standardised":[45],"IHD":[46,92,201],"rates":[48,132],"(per":[49],"100,000)":[50],"between":[54,122,211,251,258],"2000":[55,89,252],"2023.":[57,135],"Trends":[58],"assessed":[60],"using":[61,83],"percentage":[62,67],"change":[63,68],"estimated":[65],"annual":[66],"(EAPC).":[69],"Mortality":[70,136],"was":[71],"analysed":[72],"by":[73,95],"country":[74],"sex.":[76],"Selected":[77],"factors":[80,190,222],"evaluated":[82],"attributable":[84,162],"estimates.":[86],"Results":[87],"Between":[88],"2023,":[91,254],"declined":[94,249],"41.3%,":[96],"224.4":[98],"131.6":[100],"per":[101,105,148],"100,000":[102],"(EAPC":[103],"\u22122.3%":[104],"year).":[106],"Declines":[107],"occurred":[108],"across":[109],"all":[110],"countries;":[111],"however,":[112],"substantial":[113,198],"persisted,":[115],"with":[116,150],"more":[117],"than":[118,142],"two-fold":[120],"difference":[121],"highest":[124],"(e.g.,":[125],"Serbia,":[126],"Hungary,":[127],"Slovakia,":[128],"Bulgaria)":[129],"lowest":[131],"(Slovenia)":[133],"remained":[137,191],"consistently":[138],"higher":[139],"men":[141],"women":[144],"(170.1":[145],"vs":[146],"102.2":[147],"100,000),":[149],"no":[151],"clear":[152],"convergence":[153],"over":[154,194],"time.":[155,195],"The":[156,184,215],"largest":[157],"contributions":[158],"high":[164,168,172,176,269],"systolic":[165],"blood":[166,270],"pressure,":[167],"LDL":[169,273],"cholesterol,":[170,274],"smoking,":[171],"body":[173],"mass":[174],"index,":[175],"sodium":[177],"intake,":[178],"ambient":[180],"particulate":[181],"matter":[182],"pollution.":[183],"relative":[185],"importance":[186],"these":[188],"largely":[192],"unchanged":[193],"Conclusions":[196],"Despite":[197],"declines":[199],"Europe,":[205],"marked":[206],"remain":[210,275],"countries":[212,259],"sexes.":[214],"continued":[216],"dominance":[217],"cardiometabolic":[220,265],"highlights":[223],"need":[225],"strengthen":[227],"population-level":[228],"prevention":[229],"strategies":[230],"reduce":[232],"remaining":[234],"burden":[235],"narrow":[237],"disparities.":[238],"Key":[239],"messages":[240],"\u2022":[241,263],"substantially":[250],"but":[255],"large":[256],"sexes":[261],"persist.":[262],"Modifiable":[264],"factors,":[267],"particularly":[268],"pressure":[271],"dominant":[277],"drivers":[278],"mortality,":[280],"indicating":[281],"missed":[282],"opportunities":[283],"for":[284],"prevention.":[285]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-10-27T00:00:00"}