{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223576100","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2026.48","title":"New insights into the gut-immune-brain axis: immune mechanisms and therapeutic targets for autism spectrum disorder","display_name":"New insights into the gut-immune-brain axis: immune mechanisms and therapeutic targets for autism spectrum disorder","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223576100","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2026.48","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43011385","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13749217"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.20517/mrr.2026.48","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2026.48","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2026.48","pdf_url":"https://f.oaes.cc/xmlpdf/published/article/e62a6c75d4e35acd1a10aaaf31a6135d/mrr5048.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651643","display_name":"Microbiome Research Reports","issn_l":"2771-5965","issn":["2771-5965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","oarl"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiome Research Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://f.oaes.cc/xmlpdf/published/article/e62a6c75d4e35acd1a10aaaf31a6135d/mrr5048.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079689480","display_name":"John Chulhoon Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5705-2862","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5705-2862"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801148111","display_name":"McLean Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01kta7d96","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801148111"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Chulhoon Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Life Sciences, Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea","Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA","Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Life Sciences, Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801148111"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801148111"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018682015","display_name":"Sin\u2010Hyeog Im","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-1856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-1856"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259430","display_name":"ImmunoBiome, Inc. (Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/027pp3z40","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259430"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sin-Hyeog Im","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Life Sciences, Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea","ImmunoBiome Inc. Bio Open Innovation Center, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-1856","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Life Sciences, Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ImmunoBiome Inc. Bio Open Innovation Center, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018682015"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574","https://openalex.org/I4405259430"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"4","first_page":"26","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10066","display_name":"Gut microbiota and health","score":0.8363999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10066","display_name":"Gut microbiota and health","score":0.8363999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.15199999511241913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11337","display_name":"Tryptophan and brain disorders","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2803","display_name":"Biological Psychiatry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-brain-immune-axis","display_name":"gut-brain-immune axis","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autism-spectrum-disorder","display_name":"autism spectrum disorder","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-mechanisms","display_name":"immune mechanisms","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-target","display_name":"therapeutic target","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-microbiota","display_name":"gut microbiota","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroinflammation","display_name":"neuroinflammation","score":0.8259999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5056999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778538070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436063","display_name":"Autism spectrum disorder","level":3,"score":0.5034000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.45910000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205778803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38404","display_name":"Autism","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.24779999256134033}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.20517/mrr.2026.48","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2026.48","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2026.48","pdf_url":"https://f.oaes.cc/xmlpdf/published/article/e62a6c75d4e35acd1a10aaaf31a6135d/mrr5048.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651643","display_name":"Microbiome Research Reports","issn_l":"2771-5965","issn":["2771-5965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","oarl"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiome Research Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:43011385","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43011385","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiome research reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.20517/mrr.2026.48","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2026.48","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2026.48","pdf_url":"https://f.oaes.cc/xmlpdf/published/article/e62a6c75d4e35acd1a10aaaf31a6135d/mrr5048.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651643","display_name":"Microbiome Research Reports","issn_l":"2771-5965","issn":["2771-5965"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","oarl"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiome Research Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G335518424","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024-00345575","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3812690899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4242176089","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2024-00345575","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4504780018","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-00260454","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G539311648","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2023-00260454","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G750855224","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS\u20102023\u201000260454","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223576100.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223576100.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993694478","https://openalex.org/W1996087940","https://openalex.org/W2023470121","https://openalex.org/W2030500910","https://openalex.org/W2052424568","https://openalex.org/W2060185417","https://openalex.org/W2069741364","https://openalex.org/W2109113634","https://openalex.org/W2117029190","https://openalex.org/W2134645798","https://openalex.org/W2135086766","https://openalex.org/W2469685265","https://openalex.org/W2589674438","https://openalex.org/W2754172044","https://openalex.org/W2802947782","https://openalex.org/W2893888937","https://openalex.org/W2897482184","https://openalex.org/W2902358926","https://openalex.org/W2902398393","https://openalex.org/W2940981270","https://openalex.org/W2948003108","https://openalex.org/W2952564192","https://openalex.org/W2962705835","https://openalex.org/W2978181983","https://openalex.org/W2981552290","https://openalex.org/W2995515129","https://openalex.org/W3012535104","https://openalex.org/W3027658010","https://openalex.org/W3048590350","https://openalex.org/W3084060423","https://openalex.org/W3088021940","https://openalex.org/W3089307553","https://openalex.org/W3134589597","https://openalex.org/W3176205589","https://openalex.org/W3186610103","https://openalex.org/W3198777689","https://openalex.org/W4210504161","https://openalex.org/W4224436908","https://openalex.org/W4292267364","https://openalex.org/W4293199964","https://openalex.org/W4311860122","https://openalex.org/W4313238707","https://openalex.org/W4317932872","https://openalex.org/W4375947357","https://openalex.org/W4389883155","https://openalex.org/W4389937109","https://openalex.org/W4392652699","https://openalex.org/W4395454055","https://openalex.org/W4396803144","https://openalex.org/W4400867185","https://openalex.org/W4402517803","https://openalex.org/W4403283398","https://openalex.org/W4405003263","https://openalex.org/W4405844025","https://openalex.org/W4406821799","https://openalex.org/W4409244008","https://openalex.org/W4409458169","https://openalex.org/W4410194839","https://openalex.org/W4410817471","https://openalex.org/W4411413330","https://openalex.org/W4412199154","https://openalex.org/W4413115178","https://openalex.org/W4413181669","https://openalex.org/W4413787366","https://openalex.org/W4416179659","https://openalex.org/W4416641442","https://openalex.org/W7117361765","https://openalex.org/W7122377756","https://openalex.org/W7130645314"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2986638605","https://openalex.org/W2950595474","https://openalex.org/W4206108422","https://openalex.org/W7202423222","https://openalex.org/W4411011772","https://openalex.org/W7071304599","https://openalex.org/W3111306339","https://openalex.org/W4210694600","https://openalex.org/W4404118682","https://openalex.org/W3158421867"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-10-26T00:00:00"}
