{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223557243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3","title":"The relationship between genetic bone mineral density and spinal stenosis: a Mendelian randomization and cohort study","display_name":"The relationship between genetic bone mineral density and spinal stenosis: a Mendelian randomization and cohort study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223557243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-76865-3_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-76865-3_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116393059","display_name":"Temitope M. Adegbenro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1126-603X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1126-603X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Temitope M. Adegbenro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028609781","display_name":"Matthew Thomas Carr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8654-3828","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8654-3828"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Carr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103538426","display_name":"Jun He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4423-4830","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4423-4830"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020097225","display_name":"Renato A Polimanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-6046","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-6046"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renato Polimanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064315969","display_name":"Konstantinos D. Margetis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3715-8093","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3715-8093"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Margetis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064315969"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98704320"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7594734,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.4666000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.4666000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.30709999799728394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10071","display_name":"Bone health and osteoporosis research","score":0.0608999989926815,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinal-stenosis","display_name":"spinal stenosis","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bone-mineral-density","display_name":"bone mineral density","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lumbar-decompression-surgery","display_name":"lumbar decompression","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-susceptibility","display_name":"genetic susceptibility","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heel-bone-mineral-density","display_name":"heel bone mineral density","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lumbar-spine-bone-mineral-density","display_name":"lumbar spine bone mineral density","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skeletal-remodeling","display_name":"skeletal remodeling","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lumbar-spinal-stenosis","display_name":"lumbar spinal stenosis","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-causality","display_name":"reverse causality","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mendelian-randomization","display_name":"Mendelian randomization","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8378000259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779631646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164695","display_name":"Lumbar spinal stenosis","level":3,"score":0.7904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779901538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6816584","display_name":"Mendelian randomization","level":5,"score":0.6306999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780175798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478321","display_name":"Spinal stenosis","level":3,"score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780007028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2343082","display_name":"Stenosis","level":2,"score":0.5508000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776886416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4941567","display_name":"Bone mineral","level":3,"score":0.5073999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779835254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405478","display_name":"Lumbar vertebrae","level":3,"score":0.4666999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116567970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864217","display_name":"Biobank","level":2,"score":0.43689998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44575665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1293405","display_name":"Lumbar","level":2,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4124000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131191","display_name":"Body mass index","level":2,"score":0.41130000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777248721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174647","display_name":"Heel","level":2,"score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776501849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5781808","display_name":"Back pain","level":3,"score":0.361299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.35190001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781310810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1097931","display_name":"Neurogenic claudication","level":4,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779329777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304401","display_name":"Bone density","level":3,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779480328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183684","display_name":"Decompression","level":2,"score":0.3352000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.31869998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776541429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165328","display_name":"Osteoporosis","level":2,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780907711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163","display_name":"Low back pain","level":3,"score":0.28299999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780375110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770609","display_name":"Spinal fusion","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169594400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244775","display_name":"Twin study","level":3,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153209595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501128","display_name":"Single-nucleotide polymorphism","level":4,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-76865-3_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-76865-3","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-76865-3_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223557243.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223557243.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482782604","https://openalex.org/W1990220150","https://openalex.org/W2033593278","https://openalex.org/W2073286311","https://openalex.org/W2107131726","https://openalex.org/W2122907545","https://openalex.org/W2146183602","https://openalex.org/W2152799367","https://openalex.org/W2781976437","https://openalex.org/W2950598813","https://openalex.org/W2982938034","https://openalex.org/W3210570897","https://openalex.org/W4225322454","https://openalex.org/W4281482598","https://openalex.org/W4317390883","https://openalex.org/W4319344832","https://openalex.org/W4363646188","https://openalex.org/W4388075380","https://openalex.org/W4391883281","https://openalex.org/W4414335793"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390431367","https://openalex.org/W4388075380","https://openalex.org/W7162449356","https://openalex.org/W4405899604","https://openalex.org/W6902196126","https://openalex.org/W4404657897","https://openalex.org/W4328108211","https://openalex.org/W6977460679","https://openalex.org/W7125605435","https://openalex.org/W3090318426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"evaluate":[1],"whether":[2],"genetic":[3],"liability":[4,183],"to":[5,251],"higher":[6,109,185],"bone":[7],"mineral":[8],"density":[9],"(BMD)":[10],"is":[11],"associated":[12,113,181,198,215,236],"with":[13,102,114,147,165,184,199,216,237],"spinal":[14,65],"stenosis":[15,66,115,166,182,218,239,252],"and":[16,32,49,71,92,126,157,203],"primary":[17,38,60],"lumbar":[18,47,186,204,238],"decompression":[19,72,200],"surgery.":[20],"We":[21],"integrated":[22],"two-sample":[23],"Mendelian":[24],"randomization":[25],"(MR),":[26],"multivariable":[27],"MR,":[28,31],"MRlap,":[29,202],"reverse":[30,178],"longitudinal":[33],"UK":[34,41,79,99],"Biobank":[35,42,80,100],"analyses.":[36],"The":[37,59,140],"exposure":[39],"was":[40,62,112,196,206,213,235],"heel":[43,105,110,211],"estimated":[44],"BMD":[45,53,161,205,234],"(eBMD);":[46],"spine":[48,160],"total":[50],"body":[51,89],"DXA":[52],"were":[54,76],"evaluated":[55],"as":[56,248,257],"sensitivity":[57],"exposures.":[58],"outcome":[61],"FinnGen":[63],"R12":[64],"(26,090":[67],"cases;":[68,82],"353,224":[69],"controls),":[70],"GWAS":[73],"summary":[74],"statistics":[75],"generated":[77],"in":[78,201],"(1,215":[81],"155,913":[83],"controls).":[84],"Multivariable":[85],"MR":[86,179],"adjusted":[87],"for":[88,155],"mass":[90],"index":[91],"height.":[93,158],"Cox":[94],"models":[95],"included":[96,143],"157,128":[97],"European-ancestry":[98],"participants":[101],"valid":[103],"baseline":[104,210],"eBMD.":[106],"Genetically":[107],"proxied":[108,233],"eBMD":[111,195,212],"before":[116],"(OR":[117,128],"=":[118,124,129,135,169,220,226],"1.097,":[119],"95%":[120,131,171,222],"CI:":[121,132,172,223],"1.01\u20131.191,":[122],"p":[123,134,174,225],"0.028)":[125],"after":[127,153],"1.09,":[130],"1.010\u20131.175,":[133],"0.026)":[136],"MR-PRESSO":[137],"outlier":[138],"removal.":[139],"final":[141],"instruments":[142],"462":[144],"independent":[145],"SNPs":[146],"mean":[148],"F-statistic":[149],"46.3.":[150],"Associations":[151],"persisted":[152],"adjustment":[154],"BMI":[156],"Lumbar":[159],"showed":[162],"stronger":[163],"associations":[164],"(IVW":[167],"OR":[168],"1.23,":[170],"1.14\u20131.33,":[173],"<":[175],"0.001),":[176],"but":[177,228,240],"also":[180],"BMD,":[187],"suggesting":[188],"local":[189],"remodeling":[190,246],"or":[191],"disease-site":[192],"contamination.":[193],"Heel":[194],"not":[197,229,241],"similarly":[207],"non-significant.":[208],"Observationally,":[209],"modestly":[214],"incident":[217],"(HR":[219],"1.04,":[221],"1.00-1.09,":[224],"0.037),":[227],"decompression.":[230,242],"Higher":[231],"genetically":[232],"Findings":[243],"support":[244],"skeletal":[245],"biology":[247],"a":[249,258],"contributor":[250],"susceptibility":[253],"while":[254],"highlighting":[255],"surgery":[256],"downstream":[259],"clinical":[260],"endpoint.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-26T00:00:00"}