{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223455367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364","title":"Navigating \u201cSecond-Class\u201d Citizenship: Minority Perceptions of the \u201cGospel City\u201d Regulation in Manokwari","display_name":"Navigating \u201cSecond-Class\u201d Citizenship: Minority Perceptions of the \u201cGospel City\u201d Regulation in Manokwari","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223455367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364","pdf_url":"https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/lslr/article/download/47364/10461","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203203","display_name":"Lex Scientia Law Review","issn_l":"2598-9677","issn":["2598-9677","2598-9685"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jufo-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315184","host_organization_name":"State University of Semarang","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315184"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["State University of Semarang"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lex Scientia Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/lslr/article/download/47364/10461","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038733743","display_name":"Dani Muhtada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3537-0792","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3537-0792"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148158369","display_name":"State University of Semarang","ror":"https://ror.org/02fsk7e17","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148158369"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dani Muhtada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3537-0792","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148158369"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5141302950","display_name":"Dwi Wisnu Kurniawan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7965-3594","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7965-3594"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dwi Wisnu Kurniawan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economics, Law, and Humanities, Universitas Ngudi Waluyo, Semarang, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7965-3594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics, Law, and Humanities, Universitas Ngudi Waluyo, Semarang, Indonesia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013150103","display_name":"Rayyan Alkhair","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6313-313X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6313-313X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148158369","display_name":"State University of Semarang","ror":"https://ror.org/02fsk7e17","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148158369"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rayyan Alkhair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6313-313X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148158369"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159420823","display_name":"Javandalas Nanda Yasser Fatahillah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7653-8794","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7653-8794"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148158369","display_name":"State University of Semarang","ror":"https://ror.org/02fsk7e17","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148158369"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javandalas Nanda Yasser Fatahillah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7653-8794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148158369"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115735837","display_name":"Andi Gazly Satrya Amal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102502594","display_name":"Northern Illinois University","ror":"https://ror.org/012wxa772","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andi Gazly Satrya Amal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northern Illinois University, Illinois, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern Illinois University, Illinois, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"465","last_page":"492"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13336","display_name":"Religious Freedom and Discrimination","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13336","display_name":"Religious Freedom and Discrimination","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14291","display_name":"Indonesian Legal and Regulatory Studies","score":0.015599999576807022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14397","display_name":"Legal and Policy Analysis in Indonesia","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manokwari","display_name":"Manokwari","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-minorities","display_name":"religious minorities","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-legislation","display_name":"symbolic legislation","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-pluralism","display_name":"legal pluralism","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-freedom","display_name":"religious freedom","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interfaith-harmony","display_name":"interreligious harmony","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-integration","display_name":"national integration","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minority-rights","display_name":"minority rights","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-regulation","display_name":"regional regulation","score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-identity","display_name":"religious identity","score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/customary-authority","display_name":"customary authority","score":0.48899999260902405}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.6139000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776453491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5659234","display_name":"Harmony (color)","level":2,"score":0.5616000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779835924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146786","display_name":"Plural","level":2,"score":0.5203999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779207338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9240","display_name":"Indonesian","level":2,"score":0.5138000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5066999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.49140000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993223162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249253","display_name":"Social harmony","level":2,"score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.43389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776095079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489538","display_name":"The Symbolic","level":2,"score":0.4284999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.40290001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3452000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98447023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540351","display_name":"Social identity theory","level":3,"score":0.325300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194943564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129049","display_name":"Participant observation","level":2,"score":0.323199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75699723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748","display_name":"Buddhism","level":2,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50718005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4392985","display_name":"Religious identity","level":3,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018587665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268696","display_name":"Qualitative analysis","level":3,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779621813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2029282","display_name":"Religious discrimination","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878","display_name":"Cultural diversity","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364","pdf_url":"https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/lslr/article/download/47364/10461","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203203","display_name":"Lex Scientia Law Review","issn_l":"2598-9677","issn":["2598-9677","2598-9685"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jufo-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315184","host_organization_name":"State University of Semarang","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315184"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["State University of Semarang"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lex Scientia Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:60148de9aee04fbb9edf7323c2e4e2f2","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/60148de9aee04fbb9edf7323c2e4e2f2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lex Scientia Law Review, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.15294/lslr.v10i1.47364","pdf_url":"https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/lslr/article/download/47364/10461","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203203","display_name":"Lex Scientia Law Review","issn_l":"2598-9677","issn":["2598-9677","2598-9685"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","jufo-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315184","host_organization_name":"State University of Semarang","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315184"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["State University of Semarang"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lex Scientia Law Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.7578999996185303,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"score":0.5142999887466431,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319256","display_name":"Universitas Negeri Semarang","ror":"https://ror.org/02fsk7e17"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223455367.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223455367.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2766447946","https://openalex.org/W2908475570","https://openalex.org/W4296716134","https://openalex.org/W4413446977"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2604645546","https://openalex.org/W3049423275","https://openalex.org/W7164809846","https://openalex.org/W3209827505","https://openalex.org/W7215726125","https://openalex.org/W7216763038","https://openalex.org/W2996920923","https://openalex.org/W7161135794","https://openalex.org/W7164023942","https://openalex.org/W7081942204"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,129],"article":[1,193],"examines":[2],"the":[3,14,28,49,59,92,99,121,133,150,164,167,185,196,200,216,222,249],"implications":[4],"of":[5,11,16,31,51,124,159,166,189,202,218,224,252],"Manokwari":[6,17,23,197],"Regency":[7],"Regulation":[8],"No.":[9],"3":[10],"2018":[12],"concerning":[13],"Arrangement":[15],"as":[18,101],"a":[19,62,82,103,210,253],"Gospel":[20],"City":[21],"(Penataan":[22],"sebagai":[24],"Daerah":[25],"Injil)":[26],"for":[27],"civil":[29],"rights":[30,220],"religious":[32,75,105,114,255],"minorities":[33],"and":[34,56,73,88,107,113,149,175,183,221,236,243],"explores":[35],"how":[36],"religion-related":[37],"regional":[38],"regulations":[39,145,239],"can":[40],"be":[41,231],"formulated":[42],"to":[43,230],"strengthen":[44],"national":[45,225],"integration.":[46],"Drawing":[47],"on":[48,67,120],"theories":[50],"symbolic":[52,86,93,203],"legislation,":[53],"legal":[54,242],"pluralism,":[55],"accommodative":[57,176],"leadership,":[58],"study":[60,162],"employs":[61],"qualitative":[63],"descriptive-analytical":[64],"approach":[65],"based":[66],"in-depth":[68],"interviews":[69],"with":[70],"Muslim,":[71],"Hindu,":[72],"Buddhist":[74],"leaders":[76],"in":[77,138,179,205],"Manokwari.":[78],"The":[79,161,192],"findings":[80],"reveal":[81],"paradoxical":[83],"relationship":[84],"between":[85],"law":[87],"social":[89,207],"reality.":[90],"At":[91],"level,":[94],"many":[95],"minority":[96,125,219],"respondents":[97],"perceive":[98],"regulation":[100],"privileging":[102],"particular":[104],"identity":[106],"raising":[108],"concerns":[109],"regarding":[110],"equality,":[111],"recognition,":[112],"freedom.":[115],"However,":[116],"its":[117],"practical":[118],"impact":[119],"everyday":[122],"lives":[123],"communities":[126],"remains":[127],"limited.":[128],"is":[130],"largely":[131],"because":[132],"most":[134],"restrictive":[135],"provisions":[136],"contained":[137],"earlier":[139],"drafts":[140],"were":[141,146],"removed,":[142],"no":[143],"implementing":[144],"subsequently":[147],"issued,":[148],"regulation's":[151],"effects":[152,188],"have":[153],"been":[154],"moderated":[155],"by":[156],"local":[157,177],"mechanisms":[158],"coexistence.":[160],"highlights":[163],"importance":[165],"Satu":[168],"Tungku":[169],"Tiga":[170],"Batu":[171],"philosophy,":[172],"customary":[173],"authority,":[174],"leadership":[178],"sustaining":[180],"interreligious":[181],"harmony":[182],"mitigating":[184],"potential":[186],"exclusionary":[187],"formal":[190,250],"law.":[191],"argues":[194],"that":[195,215,240],"case":[198],"illustrates":[199],"limits":[201],"legislation":[204],"shaping":[206],"relations":[208],"within":[209],"plural":[211],"society.":[212],"It":[213],"concludes":[214],"protection":[217],"strengthening":[223],"integration":[226],"are":[227],"more":[228],"likely":[229],"achieved":[232],"through":[233,248],"inclusive,":[234],"non-discriminatory,":[235],"substantively":[237],"oriented":[238],"accommodate":[241],"cultural":[244],"diversity":[245],"rather":[246],"than":[247],"affirmation":[251],"single":[254],"identity.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-10-25T00:00:00"}