{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223377539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","title":"Mechanical properties and failure characteristics of geocells: A comparative experimental study","display_name":"Mechanical properties and failure characteristics of geocells: A comparative experimental study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223377539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42912735","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13693950"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0351237&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS One","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0351237&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159319507","display_name":"Yuefeng Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuefeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jinshan Branch, Cangzhou Transportation Development (Group) Co., Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jinshan Branch, Cangzhou Transportation Development (Group) Co., Ltd","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136364449","display_name":"Da Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2926-1409","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2926-1409"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90090648","display_name":"Shijiazhuang Tiedao University","ror":"https://ror.org/022e9e065","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90090648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Da Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Traffic and Transportation, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2926-1409","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Traffic and Transportation, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90090648"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159351104","display_name":"Liang Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jinshan Branch, Cangzhou Transportation Development (Group) Co., Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jinshan Branch, Cangzhou Transportation Development (Group) Co., Ltd","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016895962","display_name":"Wei Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6328-7043","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6328-7043","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4694-7967"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90090648","display_name":"Shijiazhuang Tiedao University","ror":"https://ror.org/022e9e065","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90090648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90090648"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159297610","display_name":"Junxia Ding","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90090648","display_name":"Shijiazhuang Tiedao University","ror":"https://ror.org/022e9e065","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90090648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junxia Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90090648"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5136364449"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90090648"],"apc_list":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"apc_paid":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75292568,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"10","first_page":"e0351237","last_page":"e0351237"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10707","display_name":"Cellular and Composite Structures","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geocells","display_name":"geocells","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-properties","display_name":"tensile properties","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-wall-strength","display_name":"cell wall strength","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seam-strength","display_name":"seam strength","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-strength","display_name":"shear strength","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polypropylene","display_name":"polypropylene","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyesters","display_name":"polyesters","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-density-polyethylene","display_name":"high-density polyethylene","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-welding","display_name":"ultrasonic welding","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injection-molding","display_name":"injection molding","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fracture-surface-microstructure","display_name":"fracture surface microstructure","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/failure-mechanisms","display_name":"failure mechanisms","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geosynthetic-reinforcement","display_name":"geosynthetic reinforcement","score":0.5559999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8129000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119001679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381645","display_name":"Necking","level":2,"score":0.7955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.7555999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777973245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146174","display_name":"Polypropylene","level":2,"score":0.6984999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96035792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43606218","display_name":"Shear (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5902000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19474535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131172","display_name":"Welding","level":2,"score":0.5340999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776097996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2219270","display_name":"Tearing","level":2,"score":0.49709999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.4961000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143429","display_name":"Polyethylene","level":2,"score":0.43479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43369102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2307625","display_name":"Fracture (geology)","level":2,"score":0.3882000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21141959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657936","display_name":"Shear stress","level":2,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145991859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1561445","display_name":"Load cell","level":2,"score":0.33719998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182508753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q115605","display_name":"Tensile testing","level":3,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119394753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188245","display_name":"Polyester","level":2,"score":0.3188000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127893833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7492185","display_name":"Shear strength (soil)","level":3,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41151612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280388","display_name":"Direct shear test","level":3,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22140971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7492174","display_name":"Shear force","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781263970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575823","display_name":"Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene","level":3,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0351237&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS One","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13693950","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13693950/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13693950/pdf/pone.0351237.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42912735","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42912735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fa0bb1bfc2434272ba32e8257d926b97","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fa0bb1bfc2434272ba32e8257d926b97","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 21, Iss 10, p e0351237 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351237","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0351237&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS One","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316089","display_name":"Shijiazhuang Tiedao University","ror":"https://ror.org/022e9e065"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223377539.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223377539.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007432954","https://openalex.org/W2030212553","https://openalex.org/W2057928628","https://openalex.org/W2104931776","https://openalex.org/W2127202623","https://openalex.org/W2296058785","https://openalex.org/W2341070358","https://openalex.org/W2903520638","https://openalex.org/W3091433119","https://openalex.org/W3094661919","https://openalex.org/W3121001708","https://openalex.org/W3157652577","https://openalex.org/W3162736778","https://openalex.org/W3192711799","https://openalex.org/W3193364588","https://openalex.org/W4200600912","https://openalex.org/W4381708361","https://openalex.org/W4396521164","https://openalex.org/W4401582194","https://openalex.org/W4401746177","https://openalex.org/W4402504515","https://openalex.org/W4404801854","https://openalex.org/W4405634198","https://openalex.org/W4410172953"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2903520638","https://openalex.org/W7153324042","https://openalex.org/W4281487710","https://openalex.org/W7153735498","https://openalex.org/W7213556646","https://openalex.org/W4410172953","https://openalex.org/W2047294089","https://openalex.org/W4381708361","https://openalex.org/W4295634352","https://openalex.org/W7213362395"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,60,93],"tensile":[1,33],"performance":[2],"of":[3,10,41,64,162,177],"geocells":[4],"depends":[5],"on":[6],"the":[7,86,103,136,142,145,156,173,204,216,236,241,247],"mechanical":[8],"responses":[9],"both":[11],"cell":[12,97],"walls":[13,98],"and":[14,25,37,53,57,67,76,91,95,108,124,147,159,166,198,222,246],"junctions.":[15],"Three":[16],"commercial":[17],"geocells,":[18],"liquation-welded":[19],"polypropylene":[20],"(LW),":[21],"injection-molded":[22],"polyester":[23],"(IM),":[24],"ultrasonic-welded":[26],"high-density":[27],"polyethylene":[28],"(UW),":[29],"were":[30,47,69],"examined":[31],"through":[32,141],"testing,":[34],"macroscopic":[35],"observation,":[36],"scanning":[38],"electron":[39],"microscopy":[40],"cell-wall":[42,49,61],"fracture":[43],"surfaces.":[44],"Five":[45],"configurations":[46],"used:":[48],"tension,":[50,52,132],"junction-inclusive":[51,131],"junction":[54,84,185],"seam,":[55],"shear,":[56],"split":[58,175,231],"tests.":[59],"peak":[62],"strengths":[63,87,161,186],"LW,":[65,117,240],"IM,":[66,123,245],"UW":[68,105,148,182,213],"143.03":[70],"\u00b1":[71,74,78,164,168,179,190],"4.43,":[72],"185.61":[73],"7.96,":[75],"39.42":[77],"2.41":[79],"kN/m,":[80],"respectively.":[81],"Including":[82],"a":[83,118,151,224],"changed":[85],"by":[88],"+28.99%,":[89],"-59.79%,":[90],"-23.76%.":[92],"LW":[94,133,154,201],"IM":[96,139,171,208],"lost":[99],"load":[100],"rapidly":[101],"after":[102],"peak.":[104],"exhibited":[106],"necking":[107],"extended":[109],"post-yield":[110],"deformation.":[111],"SEM":[112],"revealed":[113],"microfibrillar":[114],"bundles":[115],"in":[116,122,128,239,244,250],"smooth":[119],"layered":[120],"surface":[121],"dense":[125],"drawn":[126],"microfibrils":[127],"UW.":[129,251],"Under":[130,196,230],"tore":[134],"near":[135,203],"raised-tab":[137],"edge,":[138],"cracked":[140],"ligaments":[143],"between":[144],"holes,":[146],"fractured":[149,209],"at":[150,223,235],"weld-wall":[152,225],"boundary.":[153],"provided":[155,172],"highest":[157,174],"seam":[158,197,220],"shear":[160,199,228],"66.16":[163],"4.20":[165],"146.02":[167],"8.46":[169],"kN/m.":[170,181],"strength":[176],"158.55":[178],"10.34":[180],"showed":[183],"lower":[184],"but":[187],"reached":[188],"343.09":[189],"13.72%":[191],"rupture":[192],"strain":[193],"under":[194,219,227],"shear.":[195],"loading,":[200,232],"failed":[202,214],"tab-wall":[205],"transition,":[206],"while":[207],"from":[210],"hole":[211],"edges.":[212],"within":[215],"weld":[217,249],"region":[218],"loading":[221],"boundary":[226],"loading.":[229],"failure":[233],"occurred":[234],"heat-fused":[237],"interface":[238],"molded":[242],"body":[243],"central":[248]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2026-10-24T00:00:00"}
