{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223375136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1","title":"Sustainable valorization of tea waste for promoting plant growth, secondary metabolites production and environmental sustainability in tea cultivation","display_name":"Sustainable valorization of tea waste for promoting plant growth, secondary metabolites production and environmental sustainability in tea cultivation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223375136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-66030-1_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-66030-1_reference.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111349010","display_name":"Pavita Thapa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60054993","display_name":"Graphic Era University","ror":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavita Thapa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083396327","display_name":"Shubhangee Agarwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3256-8824","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3256-8824"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60054993","display_name":"Graphic Era University","ror":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shubhangee Agarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060663923","display_name":"Jigisha Anand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-1403","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-1403"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60054993","display_name":"Graphic Era University","ror":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jigisha Anand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080975537","display_name":"Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-3726","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0198-3726"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60054993","display_name":"Graphic Era University","ror":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosciences, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosciences, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052879849","display_name":"Anita Pandey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0592-0220","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0592-0220","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0753-3056"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60054993","display_name":"Graphic Era University","ror":"https://ror.org/03wqgqd89","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anita Pandey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060663923"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60054993"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76461639,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.5360999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.5360999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13246","display_name":"Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management","score":0.3230000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12754","display_name":"Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques","score":0.06480000168085098,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camellia-sinensis","display_name":"Camellia sinensis","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tea-cultivation","display_name":"tea cultivation","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agro-industrial-waste-valorization","display_name":"agro-industrial waste valorization","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-amendments","display_name":"organic amendments","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-metabolites","display_name":"secondary metabolites","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catechins","display_name":"catechins","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caffeine","display_name":"caffeine","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosynthetic-pigments","display_name":"photosynthetic pigments","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenolic-content","display_name":"phenolic content","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-health","display_name":"soil health","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-microbial-load","display_name":"soil microbial load","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-enzyme-activity","display_name":"soil enzyme activity","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-growth-promotion","display_name":"plant growth promotion","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-agriculture","display_name":"sustainable agriculture","score":0.6299999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992816389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101815","display_name":"Camellia sinensis","level":2,"score":0.657800018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207581243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2746959","display_name":"Agrochemical","level":3,"score":0.521399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38774213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202080","display_name":"Soil fertility","level":3,"score":0.4657000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171534860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655870","display_name":"Environmentally friendly","level":2,"score":0.4481000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4251999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.42179998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776373379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43177","display_name":"Chlorophyll","level":2,"score":0.42080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.41780000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4153999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38304854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185716","display_name":"Manure","level":2,"score":0.4000999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779184190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1269627","display_name":"Amendment","level":2,"score":0.39469999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994087729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7649686","display_name":"Sustainable production","level":3,"score":0.3578000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54924851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751054","display_name":"Sustainable agriculture","level":3,"score":0.3555999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777477808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407595","display_name":"Metabolite","level":2,"score":0.3458000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88199923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627371","display_name":"Food processing","level":2,"score":0.3402000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192039558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3595890","display_name":"Biofertilizer","level":2,"score":0.3391999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779431889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415007","display_name":"Catechin","level":4,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17857428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533025","display_name":"Nutraceutical","level":2,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777347573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q522244","display_name":"Secondary metabolite","level":3,"score":0.3215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196235758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3333419","display_name":"Primary metabolite","level":3,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778500429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60235","display_name":"Caffeine","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13080248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864214","display_name":"Biodegradable waste","level":2,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.2630999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56085101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905495","display_name":"Biochar","level":3,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134643618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q799856","display_name":"Bagasse","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-66030-1_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66030-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-66030-1_reference.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"},{"score":0.958299994468689,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223375136.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223375136.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4304945791","https://openalex.org/W7118167026","https://openalex.org/W4402581647","https://openalex.org/W7172209975","https://openalex.org/W2082484579","https://openalex.org/W6968091959","https://openalex.org/W4401700659","https://openalex.org/W4406546397","https://openalex.org/W2367604747","https://openalex.org/W7133327086"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Camellia":[1],"sinensis":[2],"(L.)":[3],"Kuntze,":[4],"represents":[5],"a":[6,70,237],"commercially":[7],"significant":[8,163],"crop,":[9],"primarily":[10],"recognized":[11],"for":[12,42,73,236],"its":[13],"pharmacologically":[14],"active":[15],"secondary":[16],"metabolites,":[17],"including":[18,119,190],"catechins":[19],"and":[20,31,52,110,127,149,152,170,178,196,239],"caffeine.":[21],"However,":[22],"excessive":[23],"reliance":[24],"on":[25,134,140],"agrochemicals":[26],"threatens":[27],"both":[28],"soil":[29,141,184],"fertility":[30,188],"the":[32,39,50,136,208,211,234],"biochemical":[33,53],"quality":[34],"of":[35,55,91,100,138,155,158,213],"tea":[36,66,230],"leaves,":[37],"underscoring":[38],"urgent":[40],"need":[41],"sustainable":[43,71,229],"agronomic":[44,51],"alternatives.":[45],"The":[46,130],"present":[47],"study":[48],"evaluates":[49],"efficacy":[54],"Tea":[56],"Waste":[57],"Manure":[58],"(TWM),":[59],"an":[60,174],"organic":[61,218],"amendment":[62],"derived":[63],"from":[64,80],"post-industrial":[65],"processing":[67],"residues,":[68],"as":[69,113,115,200,202],"substitute":[72],"synthetic":[74],"agrochemicals.":[75],"Field":[76],"experiments":[77],"were":[78],"conducted":[79],"July":[81],"2023":[82],"\u2013":[83],"October":[84],"2024":[85],"at":[86],"two":[87],"distinct":[88],"tea-growing":[89],"areas":[90],"Uttarakhand,":[92],"India.":[93],"Pre-and":[94],"post-treatment":[95],"assessments":[96],"encompassed":[97],"quantitative":[98],"analysis":[99],"vegetative":[101],"biomass,":[102],"photosynthetic":[103],"pigment":[104,168],"concentrations":[105],"(chlorophyll":[106],"a,":[107],"chlorophyll":[108],"b,":[109],"total":[111,120,123],"carotenoids),":[112],"well":[114,201],"targeted":[116],"metabolite":[117,171],"profiling,":[118],"phenolic":[121],"content,":[122,125],"flavanol":[124],"catechins,":[126],"caffeine":[128,179],"content.":[129],"research":[131],"additionally":[132],"emphasizes":[133],"evaluating":[135],"impact":[137],"TWM":[139,159],"health":[142],"via":[143],"enumerating":[144],"bacterial":[145],"load,":[146],"determining":[147],"physicochemical":[148],"nutritional":[150],"properties,":[151],"enzymatic":[153,204],"activity":[154],"soil.":[156],"Application":[157],"resulted":[160],"in":[161,165,176,181],"statistically":[162],"enhancements":[164],"plant":[166],"growth,":[167],"biosynthesis,":[169],"accumulation":[172],"with":[173],"increase":[175],"catechin":[177],"concentration":[180],"leaves.":[182],"Additionally,":[183],"analyses":[185],"demonstrated":[186],"enhanced":[187],"attributes,":[189],"optimised":[191],"pH,":[192],"elevated":[193],"macronutrient":[194],"levels,":[195],"increased":[197,203],"microbial":[198],"proliferation,":[199],"activity.":[205],"In":[206],"conclusion,":[207],"findings":[209],"reaffirm":[210],"viability":[212],"converting":[214],"agro-industrial":[215],"waste":[216],"into":[217],"inputs,":[219],"not":[220],"only":[221],"enhancing":[222],"resource":[223],"efficiency":[224],"but":[225],"also":[226],"promoting":[227],"environmentally":[228,241],"cultivation":[231],"practices,":[232],"paving":[233],"way":[235],"greener":[238],"more":[240],"friendly":[242],"agricultural":[243],"future.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2026-10-24T00:00:00"}
