{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223337162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","title":"Polyethylene nanoplastics promote tumor progression in canine mammary tumor U27 cells via the PPAR\u03b3\u2013NF-\u03baB axis","display_name":"Polyethylene nanoplastics promote tumor progression in canine mammary tumor U27 cells via the PPAR\u03b3\u2013NF-\u03baB axis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223337162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42914648"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13733787","display_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","issn_l":"0147-6513","issn":["0147-6513","1090-2414"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159322063","display_name":"Muyao Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muyao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121549026","display_name":"Yuhan Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101790440","display_name":"Zhaoyi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-5473","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-5473"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoyi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159309068","display_name":"Zixin Fang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixin Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159336011","display_name":"Meng Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: limeng@njau.edu.cn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: limeng@njau.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159336011"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69399892,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"325","issue":null,"first_page":"120948","last_page":"120948"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10753","display_name":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10753","display_name":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10686","display_name":"Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11149","display_name":"Veterinary Oncology Research","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mammary-tumors","display_name":"mammary tumors","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ppargamma","display_name":"PPAR\u03b3","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nf-kappab","display_name":"NF-\u03baB","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-progression","display_name":"tumor progression","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plastic-pollution","display_name":"plastic pollution","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endocrine-disruption","display_name":"endocrine disruption","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776187077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1888235","display_name":"Mammary tumor","level":4,"score":0.7444000244140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779256057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16909647","display_name":"Tumor progression","level":3,"score":0.6984999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.583899974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5738999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020616263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1216998","display_name":"Tumor cells","level":2,"score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143429","display_name":"Polyethylene","level":2,"score":0.40220001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777928079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2677027","display_name":"Rat\u00f3n","level":2,"score":0.3788999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.3391000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986637895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q953865","display_name":"Breast tumor","level":4,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778001805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189961","display_name":"Mammary gland","level":4,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777586470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2666962","display_name":"Cross-linked polyethylene","level":3,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2535000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779013556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181876","display_name":"Metastasis","level":3,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002465","descriptor_name":"Cell Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004285","descriptor_name":"Dogs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015398","descriptor_name":"Signal Transduction","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015674","descriptor_name":"Mammary Neoplasms, Animal","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016328","descriptor_name":"NF-kappa B","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020959","descriptor_name":"Polyethylene","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D045744","descriptor_name":"Cell Line, Tumor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D047495","descriptor_name":"PPAR gamma","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058750","descriptor_name":"Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13733787","display_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","issn_l":"0147-6513","issn":["0147-6513","1090-2414"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42914648","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42914648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecotoxicology and environmental safety","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:70457a5745be452bae67bba15af4a69b","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/70457a5745be452bae67bba15af4a69b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol 325, Iss , Pp 120948- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13733787","display_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","issn_l":"0147-6513","issn":["0147-6513","1090-2414"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1955966143","https://openalex.org/W1970883783","https://openalex.org/W1995747121","https://openalex.org/W2039208165","https://openalex.org/W2039496868","https://openalex.org/W2760984022","https://openalex.org/W2914084793","https://openalex.org/W2977747666","https://openalex.org/W3025739229","https://openalex.org/W3087586801","https://openalex.org/W3108814662","https://openalex.org/W3112375060","https://openalex.org/W3114939543","https://openalex.org/W3160136965","https://openalex.org/W3164066496","https://openalex.org/W3200459213","https://openalex.org/W4224114208","https://openalex.org/W4226186900","https://openalex.org/W4290072634","https://openalex.org/W4300963139","https://openalex.org/W4309862402","https://openalex.org/W4318978816","https://openalex.org/W4322629564","https://openalex.org/W4365138028","https://openalex.org/W4366086245","https://openalex.org/W4384131991","https://openalex.org/W4387369371","https://openalex.org/W4388912130","https://openalex.org/W4391288606","https://openalex.org/W4392926733","https://openalex.org/W4393375122","https://openalex.org/W4394820335","https://openalex.org/W4396634145","https://openalex.org/W4396939005","https://openalex.org/W4400258919","https://openalex.org/W4403144250","https://openalex.org/W4404450248","https://openalex.org/W4404733521","https://openalex.org/W4406135669","https://openalex.org/W4406388761","https://openalex.org/W4409837483","https://openalex.org/W4410352253","https://openalex.org/W4414472949","https://openalex.org/W4416727155","https://openalex.org/W4417321357","https://openalex.org/W7116658304","https://openalex.org/W7127202166"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160708817","https://openalex.org/W4408207172","https://openalex.org/W4414472949","https://openalex.org/W7204464106","https://openalex.org/W4387369371","https://openalex.org/W7211910181","https://openalex.org/W7140735772","https://openalex.org/W4365138028","https://openalex.org/W7164811124","https://openalex.org/W7131639024"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Polyethylene":[0],"nanoplastics":[1],"(PE-NPs)":[2],"are":[3],"emerging":[4],"environmental":[5,243],"contaminants.":[6],"The":[7,186],"PPAR\u03b3-NF-\u03baB":[8,237],"signaling":[9],"axis":[10,35,238],"critically":[11],"regulates":[12],"inflammation":[13],"and":[14,68,82,90,96,100,115,127,135,158,164,195,214,220,246],"tumorigenesis,":[15],"but":[16],"its":[17],"role":[18],"in":[19,63,198,205],"NP-induced":[20],"cancer":[21,256],"promotion":[22],"is":[23],"unknown.":[24],"We":[25],"investigated":[26],"whether":[27],"PE-NPs":[28,51,107,151,231],"promote":[29,232],"mammary":[30,38,233],"tumor":[31,39,153,203,234],"progression":[32,235],"through":[33],"this":[34],"using":[36],"canine":[37],"(CMT-U27)":[40],"cells":[41],"as":[42,200,202,249],"a":[43,147,181,250],"translational":[44],"model.":[45],"Cells":[46],"were":[47],"exposed":[48],"to":[49,253],"50-nm":[50],"(0.25":[52],"mg/mL,":[53],"48":[54],"h).":[55],"Transmission":[56],"electron":[57],"microscopy":[58],"revealed":[59,73],"intracellular":[60],"PE-NP":[61,122],"accumulation":[62],"autophagic":[64],"lysosomes,":[65],"mitochondrial":[66],"enlargement,":[67],"apoptotic":[69],"bodies.":[70],"Transcriptomic":[71],"analysis":[72],"dysregulation":[74],"of":[75,183,210,216],"pro-tumorigenic":[76],"pathways":[77],"including":[78],"PPAR":[79],"signaling.":[80],"RT-qPCR":[81],"Western":[83],"blotting":[84],"confirmed":[85],"PPAR\u03b3":[86,187,248],"downregulation,":[87],"NF-\u03baB":[88],"activation,":[89],"EMT":[91],"marker":[92,212],"changes:":[93],"decreased":[94],"E-cadherin":[95],"increased":[97,159],"N-cadherin,":[98,126],"Vimentin,":[99],"SNAIL":[101,128],"(all":[102,138,223],"P":[103,139,224],"<":[104,119,140,156,169,225],"0.05).":[105,226],"Functionally,":[106],"significantly":[108],"enhanced":[109],"colony":[110],"formation,":[111],"cell":[112,192],"migration,":[113,193],"invasion,":[114,194],"tumorsphere":[116,196],"formation":[117,197],"(P":[118,155,168],"0.01).":[120],"Following":[121],"removal,":[123],"MMP1,":[124],"p65,":[125],"mRNA":[129],"remained":[130],"elevated":[131],"at":[132],"72":[133],"h":[134,137],"168":[136],"0.05),":[141],"indicating":[142],"persistent":[143],"molecular":[144],"alternations.":[145],"In":[146],"mouse":[148],"xenograft":[149],"model,":[150],"accelerated":[152],"growth":[154,204],"0.001)":[157],"mitotic":[160],"figures,":[161],"Ki-67":[162],"expression,":[163],"intratumoral":[165],"ROS":[166],"levels":[167],"0.001).":[170],"Although":[171],"there":[172],"was":[173],"no":[174],"statistical":[175],"difference,":[176],"the":[177],"PE":[178],"group":[179],"showed":[180],"trend":[182],"shorter":[184],"survival.":[185],"agonist":[188],"rosiglitazone":[189],"attenuated":[190],"PE-NP-induced":[191,217],"vitro,":[199],"well":[201],"vivo,":[206],"accompanied":[207],"by":[208],"reversal":[209],"EMT-associated":[211],"changes":[213],"attenuation":[215],"p-p65":[218],"upregulation":[219],"I\u03baB\u03b1":[221],"downregulation":[222],"These":[227],"findings":[228],"reveal":[229],"that":[230],"via":[236],"dysregulation,":[239],"representing":[240],"an":[241],"under-recognized":[242],"oncogenic":[244],"risk,":[245],"identify":[247],"therapeutic":[251],"target":[252],"mitigate":[254],"NP-associated":[255],"risks.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2026-10-24T00:00:00"}
