{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223291007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013","title":"Development and Testing of a Cable-Actuated Heliostat","display_name":"Development and Testing of a Cable-Actuated Heliostat","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223291007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013","pdf_url":"https://www.tib-op.org/ojs/index.php/solarpaces/article/download/3013/3925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4390296887","display_name":"SolarPACES Conference Proceedings","issn_l":"2751-9899","issn":["2751-9899"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404678057","host_organization_name":"TIB Open Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404678057"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["TIB Open Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SolarPACES Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.tib-op.org/ojs/index.php/solarpaces/article/download/3013/3925","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120521282","display_name":"Rorisang Lekholoane","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rorisang Lekholoane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stellenbosch University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stellenbosch University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019973454","display_name":"Craig McGregor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1375-2407","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1375-2407"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig McGregor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stellenbosch University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stellenbosch University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85136684,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10905","display_name":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10905","display_name":"Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13298","display_name":"Solar Energy Systems and Technologies","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12719","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-power-tower","display_name":"solar tower","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concentrated-solar-power","display_name":"concentrated solar power","score":0.8529999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135436540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1347279","display_name":"Heliostat","level":3,"score":0.9575999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.5289000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454688","display_name":"Cost reduction","level":2,"score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45820000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45489999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.4041000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4032999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.3919000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777831296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12518","display_name":"Tower","level":2,"score":0.39160001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187504802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751548","display_name":"Stepper","level":2,"score":0.385699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.37130001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.35249999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119338728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938237","display_name":"Solar tracker","level":3,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154586513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4420972","display_name":"Tracking system","level":3,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157062255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035697","display_name":"Capital cost","level":2,"score":0.30720001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.30660000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986817828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235790","display_name":"Stepper motor","level":2,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15469602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783614","display_name":"Concentrator","level":2,"score":0.28630000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780023022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338171","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4311470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159719","display_name":"Power station","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.25859999656677246}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013","pdf_url":"https://www.tib-op.org/ojs/index.php/solarpaces/article/download/3013/3925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4390296887","display_name":"SolarPACES Conference Proceedings","issn_l":"2751-9899","issn":["2751-9899"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404678057","host_organization_name":"TIB Open Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404678057"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["TIB Open Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SolarPACES Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4c0bb85c88a841eeb726149cf5eca841","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4c0bb85c88a841eeb726149cf5eca841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"SolarPACES Conference Proceedings, Vol 4 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52825/solarpaces.v4i.3013","pdf_url":"https://www.tib-op.org/ojs/index.php/solarpaces/article/download/3013/3925","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4390296887","display_name":"SolarPACES Conference Proceedings","issn_l":"2751-9899","issn":["2751-9899"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ddh","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404678057","host_organization_name":"TIB Open Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404678057"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["TIB Open Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SolarPACES Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322663","display_name":"Universiteit Stellenbosch","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223291007.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223291007.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2913709558","https://openalex.org/W3021387653","https://openalex.org/W4220939482","https://openalex.org/W4309261454","https://openalex.org/W4400684617"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2993672351","https://openalex.org/W129407309","https://openalex.org/W4392742738","https://openalex.org/W2318213829","https://openalex.org/W7125143813","https://openalex.org/W2899683625","https://openalex.org/W7143342928","https://openalex.org/W2165063431","https://openalex.org/W7038955775","https://openalex.org/W7171306766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Solar":[0],"tower":[1],"plants":[2],"require":[3],"cost":[4,108],"reduction":[5],"in":[6],"the":[7,55,76,97,101,113,125,135,138,145],"solar":[8],"field,":[9],"which":[10],"represents":[11],"30-50%":[12],"of":[13,51,71,82,112],"plant":[14],"capital":[15],"costs.":[16],"This":[17],"study":[18],"investigates":[19],"cable-driven":[20],"heliostats":[21],"as":[22],"a":[23,68,120],"lower-cost":[24],"alternative":[25],"to":[26,93,131,134],"conventional":[27],"gear-driven":[28],"systems.":[29],"A":[30],"1":[31],"m2":[32],"prototype":[33,105],"using":[34],"cables,":[35],"stepper":[36],"motors,":[37],"and":[38,43],"worm":[39],"gearboxes":[40],"was":[41,100],"built":[42],"tested.":[44],"Outdoor":[45],"tracking":[46],"tests":[47],"measured":[48],"mean":[49],"errors":[50],"15-16":[52],"milliradians,":[53,95],"exceeding":[54],"one":[56],"milliradian":[57],"target":[58],"required":[59],"for":[60,119,137],"CSP":[61],"applications.":[62],"The":[63,104],"main":[64],"problem":[65],"occurred":[66],"at":[67],"pitch":[69],"angle":[70],"about":[72],"75":[73],"degrees,":[74],"where":[75],"unequal":[77],"cable":[78],"tensions":[79],"caused":[80],"loss":[81],"control.":[83],"When":[84],"operated":[85],"manually,":[86],"without":[87],"automated":[88],"control,":[89],"pointing":[90],"accuracy":[91],"improved":[92],"1.6-4.7":[94],"showing":[96],"control":[98],"algorithm":[99],"limiting":[102],"factor.":[103],"drive":[106,126],"mechanism":[107,127],"$431/m2,":[109],"representing":[110],"70%":[111],"total":[114],"system":[115],"cost.":[116],"Cost":[117],"projection":[118],"48.5m2":[121],"heliostat":[122],"estimated":[123],"that":[124],"could":[128],"be":[129,149],"reduced":[130],"$7.32/m2,":[132],"compared":[133],"$16.08/m2":[136],"Stellio":[139],"heliostat.":[140],"However,":[141],"these":[142],"estimates":[143],"assume":[144],"technical":[146],"problems":[147],"can":[148],"solved.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-24T00:00:00"}
