{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223201842","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s638204","title":"Association and Discriminative Performance of a Bilirubin\u2013D-Dimer\u2013Albumin Index for LVEF","display_name":"Association and Discriminative Performance of a Bilirubin\u2013D-Dimer\u2013Albumin Index for LVEF","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223201842","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s638204","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42948664","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13712150"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2147/vhrm.s638204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s638204","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s638204","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121254","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176976739","display_name":"Vascular Health and Risk Management","issn_l":"1176-6344","issn":["1176-6344","1178-2048"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vascular Health and Risk Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121254","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139031695","display_name":"Shiraz Rafiq","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801820870","display_name":"Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f970v93","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801820870"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiraz Rafiq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801820870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139033036","display_name":"Jannat Atajanova","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801820870","display_name":"Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f970v93","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801820870"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jannat Atajanova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801820870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139029830","display_name":"He Pengyi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801820870","display_name":"Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f970v93","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801820870"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"He Pengyi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801820870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5139029830"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801820870"],"apc_list":{"value":2320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2320},"apc_paid":{"value":2320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2320},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79851559,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"Volume 22","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10198","display_name":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10198","display_name":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10821","display_name":"Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11355","display_name":"Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/left-ventricular-ejection-fraction","display_name":"left ventricular ejection fraction","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure","display_name":"heart failure","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nt-probnp","display_name":"NT-proBNP","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combined-biomarker-detection","display_name":"combined biomarker detection","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduced-ejection-fraction","display_name":"reduced ejection fraction","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-accuracy","display_name":"diagnostic accuracy","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-stratification","display_name":"risk stratification","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-curve-analysis","display_name":"decision curve analysis","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-model","display_name":"prognostic model","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albumin","display_name":"albumin","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/d-dimer","display_name":"D-dimer","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-bilirubin","display_name":"total bilirubin","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure-with-reduced-ejection-fraction","display_name":"heart failure with reduced ejection fraction","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-failure-with-preserved-ejection-fraction","display_name":"heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","score":0.9850000143051147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9176999926567078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7545999884605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5404999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.46309998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4065999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78085059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641303","display_name":"Ejection fraction","level":3,"score":0.3237999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149629883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660926","display_name":"Fraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000075462","descriptor_name":"Serum Albumin, Human","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001663","descriptor_name":"Bilirubin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003661","descriptor_name":"Decision Support Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005338","descriptor_name":"Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010446","descriptor_name":"Peptide Fragments","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012709","descriptor_name":"Serum Albumin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013318","descriptor_name":"Stroke Volume","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015999","descriptor_name":"Multivariate Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016002","descriptor_name":"Discriminant Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016009","descriptor_name":"Chi-Square Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016015","descriptor_name":"Logistic Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016017","descriptor_name":"Odds Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016277","descriptor_name":"Ventricular Function, Left","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018487","descriptor_name":"Ventricular Dysfunction, Left","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018487","descriptor_name":"Ventricular Dysfunction, Left","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018487","descriptor_name":"Ventricular Dysfunction, Left","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019540","descriptor_name":"Area Under Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020097","descriptor_name":"Natriuretic Peptide, Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2147/vhrm.s638204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s638204","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s638204","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121254","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176976739","display_name":"Vascular Health and Risk Management","issn_l":"1176-6344","issn":["1176-6344","1178-2048"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vascular Health and Risk Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42948664","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42948664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vascular health and risk management","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13712150","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13712150/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vasc Health Risk Manag","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:10c1007960544140a99360409d79149b","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/10c1007960544140a99360409d79149b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Vascular Health and Risk Management, Vol Volume 22, Iss Issue 1, Pp 1-22 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dovepress.com/121254","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/association-and-discriminative-performance-of-a-bilirubind-dimeralbumi-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VHRM","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401012","display_name":"Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2147/vhrm.s638204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s638204","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s638204","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121254","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176976739","display_name":"Vascular Health and Risk Management","issn_l":"1176-6344","issn":["1176-6344","1178-2048"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vascular Health and Risk Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223201842.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223201842.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081438731","https://openalex.org/W2119061468","https://openalex.org/W2119190881","https://openalex.org/W2750116191","https://openalex.org/W2894839648","https://openalex.org/W2997250563","https://openalex.org/W3138637087","https://openalex.org/W3193598686","https://openalex.org/W4205171982","https://openalex.org/W4220946720","https://openalex.org/W4283390699","https://openalex.org/W4290018597","https://openalex.org/W4321748987","https://openalex.org/W4386885139","https://openalex.org/W4387975839","https://openalex.org/W4392028588","https://openalex.org/W4392111768","https://openalex.org/W4393271822","https://openalex.org/W4399366155","https://openalex.org/W4400036847","https://openalex.org/W4400262668","https://openalex.org/W4400329546","https://openalex.org/W4403513230","https://openalex.org/W4406907032","https://openalex.org/W4407450578","https://openalex.org/W4408994817","https://openalex.org/W4409044588","https://openalex.org/W4409343396","https://openalex.org/W4409680898","https://openalex.org/W4413483755","https://openalex.org/W4413547356","https://openalex.org/W4413955244","https://openalex.org/W4414040514","https://openalex.org/W4414483456","https://openalex.org/W7125370487","https://openalex.org/W7162749405","https://openalex.org/W7202250542","https://openalex.org/W7204544709"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7223493023","https://openalex.org/W7202250542","https://openalex.org/W7203675939","https://openalex.org/W4416284348","https://openalex.org/W2007059388","https://openalex.org/W2622149168","https://openalex.org/W2182171296","https://openalex.org/W7163669111","https://openalex.org/W2127690025","https://openalex.org/W7223176895"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Accurate":[1],"identification":[2],"of":[3,17,32,51,67,160,203,266,275,293],"reduced":[4,347],"left":[5,348],"ventricular":[6,349],"ejection":[7,350],"fraction":[8],"(LVEF)":[9],"is":[10],"important":[11],"for":[12,56,193,283,309],"risk":[13,361],"stratification":[14,362],"and":[15,48,61,117,133,145,206,210,252,314,320,323,340],"management":[16],"patients":[18,76,171],"with":[19,65,77,137,172,187,225,329],"heart":[20,345],"failure":[21],"(HF).":[22],"Because":[23],"HF":[24,78],"involves":[25],"multiple":[26],"interrelated":[27],"pathophysiological":[28],"processes,":[29],"a":[30,272],"combination":[31],"biomarkers":[33],"may":[34],"provide":[35],"information":[36,317],"beyond":[37,318],"that":[38,66],"offered":[39],"by":[40],"individual":[41],"markers.":[42],"This":[43],"study":[44],"evaluated":[45],"the":[46,52,127,130,156,161,200,220,238,254,284,287,302],"association":[47,128],"discriminatory":[49,307],"performance":[50,64,308],"bilirubin\u2013D-dimer\u2013albumin":[53,352],"(BDA)":[54],"Index":[55,95,132,166,222,240,289,304],"identifying":[57,310],"LVEF":[58,84,134,173,226,311],"<":[59,86,135,174,227,312],"45%":[60,87,91,175,228,313],"compared":[62,186],"its":[63,337],"NT-proBNP.":[68],"Methods:":[69],"In":[70,297],"this":[71,298],"single-centre":[72,299],"retrospective":[73,300],"study,":[74],"338":[75],"were":[79,208],"categorized":[80],"according":[81],"to":[82,125,154,258,335],"echocardiographic":[83],"as":[85,98],"(n=149)":[88],"or":[89],"\u2265":[90],"(n=189).":[92],"The":[93,164],"BDA":[94,131,165,221,239,288,303,354],"was":[96,109,123,152,167,180,223],"calculated":[97],"ln(total":[99],"bilirubin":[100],"[\u03bcmol/L])":[101],"\u00d7":[102],"ln(D-dimer":[103],"[ng/mL])":[104],"/":[105],"albumin":[106],"[g/L].":[107],"Discrimination":[108],"assessed":[110],"using":[111,141],"receiver":[112],"operating":[113],"characteristic":[114],"(ROC)":[115],"analysis":[116,150],"DeLong\u2019s":[118],"test.":[119],"Multivariable":[120],"logistic":[121],"regression":[122],"used":[124,153],"evaluate":[126],"between":[129],"45%,":[136],"internal":[138],"validation":[139,261,332],"performed":[140],"1000":[142],"bootstrap":[143],"samples":[144],"10-fold":[146,269],"cross-validation.":[147],"Decision":[148],"curve":[149],"(DCA)":[151],"assess":[155,336],"potential":[157,341],"clinical":[158,322,342],"utility":[159],"model.":[162],"Results:":[163],"significantly":[168,241],"higher":[169],"in":[170,219],"(P<":[176],"0.001).":[177,198,236],"Its":[178],"AUC":[179,255,265,274],"0.902":[181],"(95%":[182,189],"CI,":[183,190,232],"0.870\u2013":[184],"0.934),":[185],"0.773":[188],"0.723\u2013":[191],"0.823)":[192],"NT-proBNP":[194,319],"(DeLong\u2019s":[195],"test,":[196],"P<":[197,235,250],"At":[199],"Youden-derived":[201],"cutoff":[202],"0.435,":[204],"sensitivity":[205],"specificity":[207],"87.9%":[209],"78.3%,":[211],"respectively.":[212],"After":[213],"multivariable":[214],"adjustment,":[215],"each":[216],"0.1-unit":[217],"increase":[218],"associated":[224],"(OR,":[229],"4.65;":[230],"95%":[231],"2.94\u2013":[233],"7.36;":[234],"Adding":[237],"improved":[242],"model":[243,285],"fit":[244],"(likelihood-ratio":[245],"\u03c7":[246],"2":[247],"=73.44,":[248],"df=1,":[249],"0.001)":[251],"increased":[253],"from":[256],"0.873":[257],"0.934.":[259],"Internal":[260],"yielded":[262,271],"an":[263],"optimism-adjusted":[264],"0.908,":[267],"while":[268],"cross-validation":[270],"mean":[273],"0.901.":[276],"DCA":[277],"showed":[278,305],"greater":[279],"estimated":[280],"net":[281],"benefit":[282],"incorporating":[286],"across":[290],"threshold":[291],"probabilities":[292],"5%\u2013":[294],"80%.":[295],"Conclusion:":[296],"cohort,":[301],"good":[306],"provided":[315],"additional":[316],"other":[321],"laboratory":[324],"variables.":[325],"Prospective":[326],"multicentre":[327],"studies":[328],"independent":[330],"external":[331],"are":[333],"needed":[334],"reproducibility,":[338],"calibration,":[339],"utility.":[343],"Keywords:":[344],"failure,":[346],"fraction,":[351],"index,":[353,355],"NT-proBNP,":[356],"cardiometabolic":[357],"biomarkers,":[358],"diagnostic":[359],"performance,":[360]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-23T00:00:00"}