{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223197809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rir-2026-0032","title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing highlights the heterogeneity of neutrophils in granulomatosis with polyangiitis","display_name":"Single-cell RNA sequencing highlights the heterogeneity of neutrophils in granulomatosis with polyangiitis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223197809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rir-2026-0032","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42924268","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13689950"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/rir-2026-0032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rir-2026-0032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rir-2026-0032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238042","display_name":"Rheumatology and Immunology Research","issn_l":"2719-4523","issn":["2719-4523"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rheumatology and Immunology Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rir-2026-0032","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113176702","display_name":"Shuning Guo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120069","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuning Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125201692","display_name":"Yangzhong Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3497-0075","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3497-0075"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120069","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangzhong Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159288609","display_name":"Dazhi Pang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dazhi Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159272671","display_name":"Guanqiao Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanqiao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; School of Medicine and Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University , Beijing , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; School of Medicine and Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063508817","display_name":"Yulin Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-9558","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-9558"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120069","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulin Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129485317","display_name":"Xinyuan Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120069","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyuan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100337081","display_name":"Jing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2504-1629","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2504-1629","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8164-6347","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7505-4122"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120069","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2504-1629","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042081356","display_name":"Xinping Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-7952","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-7952","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4745-4495"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327237609","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120069","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xinping Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-7952","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120069"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042081356","https://openalex.org/A5100337081"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662","https://openalex.org/I4210120069"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81450446,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"211","last_page":"223"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10697","display_name":"Vasculitis and related conditions","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10697","display_name":"Vasculitis and related conditions","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11597","display_name":"Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11289","display_name":"Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granulomatosis-with-polyangiitis","display_name":"granulomatosis with polyangiitis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophil-heterogeneity","display_name":"neutrophil heterogeneity","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophil-subtypes","display_name":"neutrophil subtypes","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antineutrophil-cytoplasmic-antibody-associated-vasculitis","display_name":"antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-8","display_name":"interleukin-8","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/txnip","display_name":"TXNIP","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mmp-8","display_name":"MMP-8","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ifit1","display_name":"IFIT1","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pla2g7","display_name":"PLA2G7","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granulocytic-differentiation","display_name":"granulocytic differentiation","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrence","display_name":"recurrence","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renal-involvement","display_name":"renal involvement","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cells","display_name":"T cells","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-killer-cells","display_name":"natural killer cells","score":0.9890000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778910314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934069","display_name":"Microscopic polyangiitis","level":4,"score":0.7885000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162317418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252857","display_name":"Transcriptome","level":4,"score":0.728600025177002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781229154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161568","display_name":"Granulomatosis with polyangiitis","level":4,"score":0.6284999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5634999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553184892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141429","display_name":"Flow cytometry","level":2,"score":0.5625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.557699978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.47769999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.47189998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777374719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7663822","display_name":"Systemic vasculitis","level":4,"score":0.46950000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017910909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618363","display_name":"Peripheral blood","level":2,"score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776015282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644318","display_name":"Vasculitis","level":3,"score":0.4629000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67705224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053","display_name":"RNA","level":3,"score":0.38370001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1621761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7997549","display_name":"Whole blood","level":2,"score":0.35280001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.3346000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10162356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135939","display_name":"Pathophysiology","level":2,"score":0.3285999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777983669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223143","display_name":"Granulocyte","level":2,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910234489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7663822","display_name":"Necrotizing Vasculitis","level":4,"score":0.3172000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196166836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902926","display_name":"Immunophenotyping","level":3,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46762472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178648","display_name":"Peripheral","level":2,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49105822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176996","display_name":"Polymerase chain reaction","level":3,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134897094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7003141","display_name":"Neutrophil extracellular traps","level":3,"score":0.2590999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1515/rir-2026-0032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rir-2026-0032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rir-2026-0032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238042","display_name":"Rheumatology and Immunology Research","issn_l":"2719-4523","issn":["2719-4523"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rheumatology and Immunology Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42924268","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42924268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rheumatology and immunology research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13689950","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13689950/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rheumatol Immunol Res","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1515/rir-2026-0032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rir-2026-0032","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1515/rir-2026-0032","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238042","display_name":"Rheumatology and Immunology Research","issn_l":"2719-4523","issn":["2719-4523"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313990","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Rheumatology and Immunology Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W137802152","https://openalex.org/W2024564671","https://openalex.org/W2042103540","https://openalex.org/W2064801341","https://openalex.org/W2101856382","https://openalex.org/W2167671737","https://openalex.org/W2171297696","https://openalex.org/W2195718607","https://openalex.org/W2323325951","https://openalex.org/W2747877289","https://openalex.org/W2898120081","https://openalex.org/W2928665623","https://openalex.org/W2947271780","https://openalex.org/W2947836101","https://openalex.org/W3034168389","https://openalex.org/W3046718717","https://openalex.org/W3132661792","https://openalex.org/W3136925388","https://openalex.org/W3159532425","https://openalex.org/W3206172815","https://openalex.org/W4211096034","https://openalex.org/W4283069474","https://openalex.org/W4283217889","https://openalex.org/W4289132931","https://openalex.org/W4308620781","https://openalex.org/W4321597359","https://openalex.org/W4324017461","https://openalex.org/W4366303857","https://openalex.org/W4379527657","https://openalex.org/W4386511183","https://openalex.org/W4386923262","https://openalex.org/W4387539872","https://openalex.org/W4388583515","https://openalex.org/W4389543412","https://openalex.org/W4391850041","https://openalex.org/W4392456271","https://openalex.org/W4392543125","https://openalex.org/W4400249174","https://openalex.org/W4406596905","https://openalex.org/W4409774331"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4411412198","https://openalex.org/W4411426034","https://openalex.org/W7124280676","https://openalex.org/W7214122790","https://openalex.org/W7214340405","https://openalex.org/W6958784141","https://openalex.org/W2885002488","https://openalex.org/W4409774331","https://openalex.org/W4396499106","https://openalex.org/W3046560830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"and":[1,34,62,78,91,100,113,126,132,138,195,208,241],"Objectives:":[2],"Granulomatosis":[3],"with":[4,75,123,192,217],"polyangiitis":[5],"(GPA),":[6],"a":[7,94],"clinical":[8,117],"phenotype":[9],"of":[10,20,47,205,220,232,237,246],"anti-neutrophil":[11,175],"cytoplasmic":[12,176],"antibody-associated":[13,177],"vasculitis,":[14],"is":[15,26],"characterized":[16],"by":[17,82,187],"necrotizing":[18],"inflammation":[19],"blood":[21,57,68],"vessels.":[22],"While":[23],"neutrophil":[24,111,121,254],"dysregulation":[25],"central":[27],"to":[28,55,108,151,165,174],"its":[29,31],"pathogenesis,":[30],"cellular":[32],"heterogeneity":[33],"dynamic":[35,234],"functional":[36,127,235],"states":[37],"remain":[38],"poorly":[39],"defined.":[40],"To":[41],"better":[42],"understand":[43],"the":[44,85,218,230,233,244],"transcriptomic":[45,125],"profile":[46],"neutrophils,":[48,182],"we":[49],"applied":[50],"single-cell":[51],"RNA":[52],"sequencing":[53,83],"(scRNA-seq)":[54],"peripheral":[56,206],"samples":[58,69],"from":[59,72],"GPA":[60,77,139,240],"patients":[61,74,140],"healthy":[63],"controls":[64],"(HCs).":[65],"Methods:":[66],"Peripheral":[67],"were":[70,106,129,163,190,213],"collected":[71],"three":[73,79],"active":[76],"HCs,":[80],"followed":[81],"using":[84],"BD":[86],"Rhapsody":[87],"platform":[88],"(Becton,":[89],"Dickinson":[90],"Company).":[92],"In":[93],"subsequent":[95],"validation":[96],"cohort,":[97],"flow":[98],"cytometry":[99],"quantitative":[101],"real-time":[102],"polymerase":[103],"chain":[104],"reaction":[105],"used":[107],"confirm":[109],"specific":[110],"subtypes":[112],"explore":[114],"their":[115],"potential":[116,199],"significance.":[118],"Results:":[119],"Seven":[120],"clusters":[122],"distinct":[124],"profiles":[128,204],"identified.":[130],"CXCL8-high":[131,145],"TXNIP-high":[133],"subsets,":[134],"predominant":[135],"in":[136,239],"HCs":[137],"respectively,":[141],"showed":[142,156],"inflammatory":[143],"profiles.":[144],"subsets":[146],"also":[147,214],"expressed":[148],"immunoregulatory":[149],"molecules":[150],"restrain":[152],"inflammation.":[153],"MMP8-high":[154],"neutrophils":[155,238],"enhanced":[157],"antimicrobial":[158],"activity,":[159],"whereas":[160],"IFIT1-high":[161],"cells":[162,212],"linked":[164],"antiviral":[166],"responses,":[167],"suggesting":[168],"that":[169],"prior":[170],"infections":[171],"may":[172,242],"contribute":[173],"vasculitis":[178],"(AAV)":[179],"pathogenesis.":[180],"PLA2G7-high":[181],"identified":[183],"as":[184,200],"terminally":[185],"differentiated":[186],"pseudotime":[188],"analysis,":[189],"associated":[191],"disease":[193],"relapse":[194],"renal":[196],"involvement,":[197],"indicating":[198],"AAV":[201],"biomarkers.":[202],"Transcriptional":[203],"T":[207],"natural":[209],"killer":[210],"(NK)":[211],"characterized,":[215],"along":[216],"analysis":[219],"systemic":[221],"immune":[222],"cell-cell":[223],"communication":[224],"networks.":[225],"Conclusion:":[226],"Our":[227],"study":[228],"enhances":[229],"understanding":[231],"roles":[236],"facilitate":[243],"development":[245],"therapeutic":[247],"strategies":[248],"aimed":[249],"at":[250],"selectively":[251],"targeting":[252],"disease-specific":[253],"subsets.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-23T00:00:00"}