{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223159256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.28215","title":"Variable-Resolution Scattering Reveals Ensemble Properties","display_name":"Variable-Resolution Scattering Reveals Ensemble Properties","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223159256","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.28215"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.28215","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28215","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.28215","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.28215","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005174189","display_name":"Uri Steinitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8954-6549","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8954-6549"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154235","display_name":"Soreq Nuclear Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/051rhng80","country_code":"IL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800027884","https://openalex.org/I4387154235"]}],"countries":["CA","IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steinitz, Uri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga , Ontario L5L 1C6 , Canada , and","Soreq Nuclear Research Centre , Yavne 81800 , Israel,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga , Ontario L5L 1C6 , Canada , and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soreq Nuclear Research Centre , Yavne 81800 , Israel,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154235"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093402722","display_name":"Mathar Kravikass","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7883-8740","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7883-8740"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kravikass, Mathar","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Physics and Astronomy , The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems , The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Physics and Astronomy , The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems , The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080866394","display_name":"Gil Koren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2596-6472","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2596-6472"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16391192","display_name":"Tel Aviv University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mhzgx49","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koren, Gil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sagol School of Neuroscience , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978 , Israel","The School of Physics and Astronomy , The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems , The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sagol School of Neuroscience , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978 , Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16391192"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Physics and Astronomy , The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems , The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015488088","display_name":"Roy Beck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3121-4530","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3121-4530"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beck, Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["The School of Physics and Astronomy , The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems , The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Physics and Astronomy , The Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems , The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , and","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11162","display_name":"Enzyme Structure and Function","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1315","display_name":"Structural Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11162","display_name":"Enzyme Structure and Function","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1315","display_name":"Structural Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.013000000268220901,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11949","display_name":"Nuclear Physics and Applications","score":0.010499999858438969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-angle-scattering","display_name":"small-angle scattering","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-spread-function","display_name":"point spread function","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/form-factors","display_name":"form factors","score":0.5299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32848918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845789","display_name":"Observable","level":2,"score":0.699400007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.5187000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.47540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4481000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.44670000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4438999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85725439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466686","display_name":"Anisotropy","level":2,"score":0.4088999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.40540000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186603090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55505926","display_name":"Distribution function","level":2,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.3993000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.37389999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149629883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660926","display_name":"Fraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112416005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7542589","display_name":"Small-angle scattering","level":3,"score":0.3028999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777769593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4769932","display_name":"Anomalous scattering","level":3,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202887219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3895221","display_name":"Parametrization (atmospheric modeling)","level":3,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779992002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7125120","display_name":"Pair distribution function","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.28215","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28215","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.28215","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2610.28215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.28215","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2610.28215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2610.28215","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.28215","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.28215","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223159256.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223159256.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2907795223","https://openalex.org/W2783590706","https://openalex.org/W2029289035","https://openalex.org/W1970519813","https://openalex.org/W2053379323","https://openalex.org/W2917316435","https://openalex.org/W2887906953","https://openalex.org/W1178178493","https://openalex.org/W2164526570","https://openalex.org/W4225998725"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"SAXS/SANS":[0],"determine":[1],"the":[2,13,18,30,36,45,53,64,84,92,104,115,131,169,175,180,188,207,227,258,262],"size":[3,163],"and":[4,8,29,109,133,159,183,255],"structure":[5],"of":[6,17,20,32,67,103,117,121,215,224],"particles":[7,154],"macromolecules":[9],"in":[10,130],"solution.":[11],"However,":[12],"conventional":[14,93],"low-angle":[15,132],"determination":[16],"radius":[19,264],"gyration,":[21],"Rg,":[22],"cannot":[23],"separately":[24],"resolve":[25],"its":[26,33,216],"scattering-weighted":[27,65,181,228],"mean":[28,54,182,229],"width":[31,47,66,209,245],"distribution.":[34],"Because":[35],"apparent":[37,263],"Rg":[38,69,230],"includes":[39],"a":[40,60,78,140,213,221,240],"contribution":[41,260],"from":[42,91,246],"ensemble":[43,244],"variance,":[44],"distribution":[46,70,208],"is":[48],"required":[49],"even":[50],"to":[51,77,199,261],"recover":[52],"Rg.":[55],"Here,":[56],"we":[57,150],"introduce":[58],"TENOR-SAXS,":[59],"method":[61],"for":[62,136,204,242,256],"estimating":[63,243],"an":[68],"by":[71,139,153],"applying":[72],"two":[73],"anisotropic":[74],"digital":[75],"smearings":[76],"single":[79],"2D":[80,248],"scattering":[81,152,249],"image.":[82],"Comparing":[83],"smeared":[85],"images":[86],"provides":[87,239],"curvature":[88],"information":[89],"unavailable":[90],"radial":[94],"profile.":[95],"The":[96],"resulting":[97],"observables":[98],"require":[99],"no":[100],"explicit":[101,252],"model":[102],"native":[105,118],"instrumental":[106,253],"point-spread":[107],"function":[108],"show":[110],"only":[111],"weak":[112],"sensitivity":[113],"over":[114],"range":[116],"resolutions":[119],"typical":[120,222],"SAXS":[122],"measurements":[123],"examined":[124],"here.":[125],"Analytical":[126],"expressions":[127],"are":[128],"derived":[129],"narrow-distribution":[134],"limits":[135],"ensembles":[137,160],"described":[138],"known":[141],"or":[142,192],"independently":[143],"constrained":[144],"single-particle":[145],"form":[146,157,191],"factor.":[147],"For":[148,195],"verification,":[149],"simulated":[151,196],"with":[155,161,168,220,233],"several":[156],"factors":[158],"different":[162],"distributions,":[164],"all":[165],"agree":[166],"well":[167],"analytical":[170],"theory.":[171],"To":[172],"leading":[173],"order,":[174],"principal":[176],"observable":[177],"depends":[178],"on":[179,187],"variance":[184,259],"rather":[185],"than":[186],"distribution's":[189],"functional":[190],"higher":[193],"moments.":[194],"data":[197,250],"corresponding":[198],"feasible":[200],"synchrotron":[201],"exposure":[202],"times":[203],"biological":[205],"samples,":[206],"and,":[210],"expressed":[211],"as":[212],"fraction":[214],"mean,":[217],"was":[218,231],"recovered":[219,232],"discrepancy":[223],"~0.1,":[225],"while":[226],"~2%":[234],"relative":[235],"discrepancy.":[236],"TENOR-SAXS":[237],"thus":[238],"framework":[241],"existing":[247],"without":[251],"desmearing":[254],"correcting":[257]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-10-22T00:00:00"}
