{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223106986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.15.759145","title":"Males of a suboscine lekking bird exhibit neighbor-stranger discrimination","display_name":"Males of a suboscine lekking bird exhibit neighbor-stranger discrimination","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223106986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.15.759145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.15.759145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.15.759145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.15.759145","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/21/2026.10.15.759145.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/21/2026.10.15.759145.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158970851","display_name":"Josephine T Tagestad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4905-4742","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4905-4742"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12834331","display_name":"University of Wyoming","ror":"https://ror.org/01485tq96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Josephine T. Tagestad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Laramie, WY 82071, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4905-4742","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158988940","display_name":"J Patrick Kelley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12834331","display_name":"University of Wyoming","ror":"https://ror.org/01485tq96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Patrick Kelley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Laramie, WY 82071, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070245824","display_name":"Camilo Alfonso","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Camilo Alfonso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 4079 Derring Hall, 926 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 4079 Derring Hall, 926 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000650505","display_name":"Corey E. Tarwater","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-1170","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-1170"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12834331","display_name":"University of Wyoming","ror":"https://ror.org/01485tq96","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Corey E. Tarwater","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Laramie, WY 82071, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Laramie, WY 82071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5158970851"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12834331"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11665","display_name":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11665","display_name":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.01360000018030405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10089","display_name":"Avian ecology and behavior","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suboscine-passerines","display_name":"suboscine passerines","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lek-mating-system","display_name":"lek mating system","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/male-male-interactions","display_name":"male-male interactions","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/playback-experiments","display_name":"playback experiments","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocal-responses","display_name":"vocal responses","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-selection","display_name":"sexual selection","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mate-choice","display_name":"mate choice","score":0.734000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12411756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1816486","display_name":"Lek mating","level":4,"score":0.9351000189781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54779947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209263","display_name":"Mate choice","level":3,"score":0.6802999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5134999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.3917999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993612469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15946133","display_name":"Vocal communication","level":2,"score":0.3912000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.37689998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130981225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206913","display_name":"Sexual selection","level":2,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780336059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215558","display_name":"Vocal folds","level":3,"score":0.2630999982357025}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.15.759145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.15.759145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.15.759145","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/21/2026.10.15.759145.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.15.759145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.15.759145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.15.759145","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/21/2026.10.15.759145.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306083","display_name":"Smithsonian Institution","ror":"https://ror.org/01pp8nd67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310258","display_name":"University of Wyoming","ror":"https://ror.org/01485tq96"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332808","display_name":"Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/035jbxr46"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223106986.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223106986.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1771620057","https://openalex.org/W1970330119","https://openalex.org/W1976154710","https://openalex.org/W1984912498","https://openalex.org/W1986784475","https://openalex.org/W1991438284","https://openalex.org/W2008631330","https://openalex.org/W2016519513","https://openalex.org/W2017764414","https://openalex.org/W2018384987","https://openalex.org/W2023842811","https://openalex.org/W2025782536","https://openalex.org/W2026027420","https://openalex.org/W2027257057","https://openalex.org/W2033667334","https://openalex.org/W2036205905","https://openalex.org/W2046627949","https://openalex.org/W2049456677","https://openalex.org/W2054836718","https://openalex.org/W2061148777","https://openalex.org/W2065375508","https://openalex.org/W2065982099","https://openalex.org/W2074692730","https://openalex.org/W2098139470","https://openalex.org/W2110732649","https://openalex.org/W2112799138","https://openalex.org/W2119775455","https://openalex.org/W2122039820","https://openalex.org/W2124728852","https://openalex.org/W2124762307","https://openalex.org/W2128657671","https://openalex.org/W2134917568","https://openalex.org/W2137962696","https://openalex.org/W2144732524","https://openalex.org/W2155703592","https://openalex.org/W2160801490","https://openalex.org/W2177910017","https://openalex.org/W2332827432","https://openalex.org/W2525702250","https://openalex.org/W2603791566","https://openalex.org/W2752673541","https://openalex.org/W2790138028","https://openalex.org/W2792018282","https://openalex.org/W2931899952","https://openalex.org/W2951788232"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2104934414","https://openalex.org/W7222791345","https://openalex.org/W2063952768","https://openalex.org/W2063023685","https://openalex.org/W2024769334","https://openalex.org/W2312586146","https://openalex.org/W2118030725","https://openalex.org/W2020016607","https://openalex.org/W4392002082","https://openalex.org/W2597664071"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"The":[1],"ability":[2],"to":[3,74,91,110,113,122,154,163],"discriminate":[4],"the":[5,20,99,150,193],"vocalizations":[6],"of":[7,167,177,182,195],"neighbors":[8,155],"from":[9],"strangers":[10,111,117,157],"is":[11,42,72],"one":[12],"way":[13],"individuals":[14],"can":[15,189],"reduce":[16],"conflict":[17],"and":[18,23,30,49,55,138,172,197,202],"minimize":[19],"associated":[21],"physical":[22],"energetic":[24],"costs.":[25],"Although":[26],"individual":[27,76],"vocal":[28,133,142],"variation":[29,77],"neighbor-stranger":[31,96,178,183],"discrimination":[32,97,128,184],"has":[33],"been":[34],"tested":[35],"across":[36],"various":[37],"taxa,":[38],"within":[39],"birds,":[40],"it":[41],"more":[43,108],"commonly":[44],"investigated":[45],"in":[46,78,132,140,152,185,198,205],"oscine":[47],"passerines":[48,54],"territorial":[50],"species,":[51],"while":[52],"suboscine":[53,68,173],"lekking":[56,69],"species":[57,174,188],"are":[58,66,118,175],"often":[59],"neglected.":[60],"Red-capped":[61],"manakins,":[62],"Ceratopipra":[63],"mentalis":[64,89,105],",":[65],"a":[67,84,119,164],"bird":[70],"that":[71,103,116,170],"known":[73],"exhibit":[75,95],"their":[79],"whistle-peep":[80],"vocalizations.":[81],"We":[82,101],"performed":[83],"playback":[85],"experiment":[86],"at":[87,98],"C.":[88,104],"leks":[90],"evaluate":[92],"whether":[93],"they":[94],"lek-scale.":[100],"found":[102],"males":[106,123],"responded":[107],"quickly":[109],"compared":[112],"neighbors,":[114],"suggesting":[115],"greater":[120],"threat":[121],"than":[124],"neighboring":[125],"individuals.":[126],"Neighbor-stranger":[127],"was":[129],"only":[130,145],"observed":[131,146],"responses,":[134,137],"not":[135],"movement":[136],"differences":[139],"total":[141],"responses":[143],"were":[144],"when":[147],"we":[148],"evaluated":[149],"changes":[151],"response":[153],"versus":[156],"over":[158],"time.":[159],"These":[160],"findings":[161],"add":[162],"growing":[165],"body":[166],"literature":[168],"demonstrating":[169],"non-territorial":[171],"capable":[176],"discrimination.":[179],"Further":[180],"examination":[181],"these":[186],"understudied":[187],"yield":[190],"insights":[191],"into":[192],"functions":[194],"vocalizations,":[196],"particular":[199],"male-male":[200],"interactions":[201],"mate":[203],"choice":[204],"highly":[206],"sexually-selected":[207],"species.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-10-22T00:00:00"}