{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223088959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euag205","title":"Pulsed field ablation: from concepts to technology","display_name":"Pulsed field ablation: from concepts to technology","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223088959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euag205","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42905915","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13685804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/europace/euag205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euag205","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euag205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46732370","display_name":"EP Europace","issn_l":"1099-5129","issn":["1099-5129","1532-2092"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Europace","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euag205","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035949904","display_name":"Ante Ani\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-3999","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-3999"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145454","display_name":"Klini\u010dki Bolni\u010dki Centar Split","ror":"https://ror.org/0462dsc42","country_code":"HR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145454"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ante Ani\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University Clinical Hospital , Split ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-3999","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University Clinical Hospital , Split ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019940206","display_name":"Antoni Ivorra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7718-8767","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7718-8767"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170486558","display_name":"Universitat Pompeu Fabra","ror":"https://ror.org/04n0g0b29","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoni Ivorra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7718-8767","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070300729","display_name":"Brendan E. Koop","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5786-627X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5786-627X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2948663404","display_name":"Boston Scientific (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0385es521","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2948663404"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brendan Koop","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrophysiology, Boston Scientific Corporation , 4100 Hamline Ave. N, St. Paul, MN 55112 ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5786-627X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrophysiology, Boston Scientific Corporation , 4100 Hamline Ave. N, St. Paul, MN 55112 ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2948663404"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061863151","display_name":"Nathan J. Kirkpatrick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6263-7387","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6263-7387"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2948663404","display_name":"Boston Scientific (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0385es521","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2948663404"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nathan J Kirkpatrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrophysiology, Boston Scientific Corporation , 4100 Hamline Ave. N, St. Paul, MN 55112 ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6263-7387","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrophysiology, Boston Scientific Corporation , 4100 Hamline Ave. N, St. Paul, MN 55112 ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2948663404"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016173778","display_name":"Jacob Sam Koruth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-8372","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-8372"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324220072","display_name":"Mount Sinai Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkyz108","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I1324220072"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Koruth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Helmsley Electrophysiology Center, Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital , New York, NY ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-8372","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helmsley Electrophysiology Center, Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital , New York, NY ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324220072"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061863151"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2948663404"],"apc_list":{"value":4344,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4909},"apc_paid":{"value":4344,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":4909},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60748663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"Supplement_2","first_page":"ii18","last_page":"ii31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11217","display_name":"Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11217","display_name":"Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11455","display_name":"Microbial Inactivation Methods","score":0.05469999834895134,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1305","display_name":"Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10217","display_name":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","score":0.005200000014156103,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulsed-field-ablation","display_name":"pulsed field ablation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irreversible-electroporation","display_name":"irreversible electroporation","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-arrhythmia-ablation","display_name":"arrhythmia ablation","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catheter-design","display_name":"catheter design","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-field-distribution","display_name":"electric field distribution","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lesion-formation","display_name":"lesion formation","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joule-heating","display_name":"Joule heating","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safety-testing","display_name":"safety testing","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-modelling","display_name":"computational modelling","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-workflow","display_name":"clinical workflow","score":0.5389999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778716261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164846","display_name":"Irreversible electroporation","level":4,"score":0.6182000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5424000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.489300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.41510000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.39959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199822604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557120","display_name":"Duty cycle","level":3,"score":0.37950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776131983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q436572","display_name":"Catheter ablation","level":3,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46435376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1829750","display_name":"Multiphysics","level":3,"score":0.35749998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.34549999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3427000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51319974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3509564","display_name":"Pulse generator","level":3,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.32739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778902805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322177","display_name":"Ablation","level":2,"score":0.319599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.31470000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51141536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838801","display_name":"Nanosecond","level":3,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779974597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28448986","display_name":"Clinical Practice","level":2,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779328685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475557","display_name":"Patient safety","level":3,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781267111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652297","display_name":"Catheter","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25290000438690186}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000092723","descriptor_name":"Irreversible Electroporation Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000092723","descriptor_name":"Irreversible Electroporation Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000092723","descriptor_name":"Irreversible Electroporation Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008955","descriptor_name":"Models, Cardiovascular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062906","descriptor_name":"Cardiac Catheters","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/europace/euag205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euag205","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euag205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46732370","display_name":"EP Europace","issn_l":"1099-5129","issn":["1099-5129","1532-2092"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Europace","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13685804","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13685804/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13685804/pdf/euag205.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Europace","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42905915","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42905915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/europace/euag205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euag205","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euag205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46732370","display_name":"EP Europace","issn_l":"1099-5129","issn":["1099-5129","1532-2092"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Europace","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310567","display_name":"Boston Scientific Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/0385es521"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223088959.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223088959.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":90,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W251967260","https://openalex.org/W1199582351","https://openalex.org/W1502255860","https://openalex.org/W1605166042","https://openalex.org/W1968085159","https://openalex.org/W1972708469","https://openalex.org/W1990987789","https://openalex.org/W2001520490","https://openalex.org/W2004469159","https://openalex.org/W2022603060","https://openalex.org/W2028885019","https://openalex.org/W2030237756","https://openalex.org/W2046449631","https://openalex.org/W2053483088","https://openalex.org/W2068070075","https://openalex.org/W2082518610","https://openalex.org/W2084058567","https://openalex.org/W2089005990","https://openalex.org/W2097585715","https://openalex.org/W2114367134","https://openalex.org/W2116947819","https://openalex.org/W2124148893","https://openalex.org/W2129770912","https://openalex.org/W2138045682","https://openalex.org/W2161960065","https://openalex.org/W2330442656","https://openalex.org/W2333001326","https://openalex.org/W2345572214","https://openalex.org/W2557134892","https://openalex.org/W2754314968","https://openalex.org/W2965413695","https://openalex.org/W2971504170","https://openalex.org/W2976334267","https://openalex.org/W3003142605","https://openalex.org/W3047521080","https://openalex.org/W3134407919","https://openalex.org/W3137341622","https://openalex.org/W3141862997","https://openalex.org/W3172717784","https://openalex.org/W3176783977","https://openalex.org/W3194342890","https://openalex.org/W3199309974","https://openalex.org/W3199792033","https://openalex.org/W4214726821","https://openalex.org/W4220724454","https://openalex.org/W4254021855","https://openalex.org/W4280496179","https://openalex.org/W4281554210","https://openalex.org/W4287511318","https://openalex.org/W4288077161","https://openalex.org/W4297326246","https://openalex.org/W4297326261","https://openalex.org/W4298088675","https://openalex.org/W4309933712","https://openalex.org/W4315479352","https://openalex.org/W4377010952","https://openalex.org/W4381854285","https://openalex.org/W4388215202","https://openalex.org/W4390344975","https://openalex.org/W4391747504","https://openalex.org/W4392109411","https://openalex.org/W4393409672","https://openalex.org/W4394815684","https://openalex.org/W4399425705","https://openalex.org/W4399436408","https://openalex.org/W4399525585","https://openalex.org/W4401686521","https://openalex.org/W4402126717","https://openalex.org/W4403217326","https://openalex.org/W4405899280","https://openalex.org/W4407194746","https://openalex.org/W4407849552","https://openalex.org/W4408015706","https://openalex.org/W4408972677","https://openalex.org/W4410487906","https://openalex.org/W4411668173","https://openalex.org/W4412755410","https://openalex.org/W4412883057","https://openalex.org/W4414028087","https://openalex.org/W4414166670","https://openalex.org/W4415123371","https://openalex.org/W4415267111","https://openalex.org/W4415333238","https://openalex.org/W4416844823","https://openalex.org/W4417038901","https://openalex.org/W4417041242","https://openalex.org/W4417258360","https://openalex.org/W7125254473","https://openalex.org/W7128687993","https://openalex.org/W7131682811"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4417343548","https://openalex.org/W7112745364","https://openalex.org/W4415142998","https://openalex.org/W7134929958","https://openalex.org/W4403694360","https://openalex.org/W4410487906","https://openalex.org/W4366768824","https://openalex.org/W7223098410","https://openalex.org/W4402126717","https://openalex.org/W4399425705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AIMS:":[0],"Pulsed":[1],"field":[2,93,127],"ablation":[3],"(PFA)":[4],"has":[5],"emerged":[6],"as":[7],"a":[8,251],"transformative":[9],"approach":[10],"for":[11,275,286],"treating":[12],"cardiac":[13,66],"arrhythmias":[14],"by":[15,89],"exploiting":[16],"irreversible":[17],"electroporation":[18],"to":[19,154,240],"preferentially":[20],"injure":[21],"myocardium":[22],"while":[23],"limiting":[24],"collateral":[25],"damage.":[26],"Translating":[27],"this":[28],"biophysical":[29],"principle":[30],"into":[31],"safe":[32],"and":[33,46,51,61,68,78,94,118,133,143,150,166,175,193,210,223,238,244,266,284],"effective":[34],"clinical":[35,79,242],"systems":[36],"requires":[37],"careful":[38],"integration":[39],"of":[40,204,250,257],"waveform":[41,104,206,259],"design,":[42,207,262],"catheter":[43,230,261],"engineering,":[44],"computational":[45,151],"experimental":[47],"modelling,":[48,263],"safety":[49,211,224,264],"testing,":[50],"procedural":[52,267],"workflow.":[53],"OBJECTIVE:":[54],"This":[55],"review":[56],"summarizes":[57],"the":[58,90,202,255],"fundamental":[59],"physical":[60],"engineering":[62],"principles":[63,72,272],"that":[64,279],"govern":[65],"PFA":[67,156,252,277],"examines":[69],"how":[70],"these":[71,270],"influence":[73],"efficacy,":[74],"safety,":[75],"lesion":[76,129],"formation,":[77,191],"usability.":[80,268],"BIOPHYSICAL":[81],"AND":[82,147],"TECHNICAL":[83],"CONSIDERATIONS:":[84],"Electroporation":[85],"is":[86,273],"governed":[87],"primarily":[88],"local":[91],"electric":[92,126],"waveform-dependent":[95],"lethal":[96],"thresholds":[97],"rather":[98],"than":[99],"generator":[100],"voltage":[101],"alone.":[102],"Key":[103],"variables":[105],"include":[106,157],"monophasic":[107],"vs.":[108,112],"biphasic":[109],"pulses,":[110],"microsecond":[111],"nanosecond":[113],"pulse":[114,178],"widths,":[115],"duty":[116],"cycle,":[117],"total":[119],"application":[120],"duration.":[121],"Catheter":[122],"design":[123],"further":[124],"determines":[125],"distribution,":[128],"geometry,":[130],"current":[131],"density,":[132],"applicability":[134],"across":[135],"anatomic":[136],"targets,":[137],"with":[138,172,195],"important":[139],"distinctions":[140],"between":[141],"bipolar":[142],"monopolar":[144],"configurations.":[145],"MODELLING":[146],"SAFETY:":[148],"Experimental":[149],"approaches":[152],"used":[153],"investigate":[155],"finite":[158],"element":[159],"simulations,":[160],"cell":[161],"culture":[162],"systems,":[163],"vegetal":[164],"substrates,":[165],"in":[167],"vivo":[168],"animal":[169],"models,":[170],"each":[171],"distinct":[173],"strengths":[174],"limitations.":[176],"High-voltage":[177],"delivery":[179],"can":[180],"also":[181,226],"produce":[182],"unintended":[183],"effects,":[184],"including":[185],"Joule":[186],"heating,":[187],"electrochemical":[188],"reactions,":[189],"bubble":[190],"arcing,":[192],"interactions":[194],"implanted":[196],"electronic":[197],"devices.":[198],"These":[199],"phenomena":[200],"highlight":[201],"importance":[203],"optimized":[205],"electrode":[208],"configuration,":[209],"monitoring.":[212],"CLINICAL":[213],"USABILITY:":[214],"Clinical":[215],"adoption":[216],"depends":[217],"not":[218],"only":[219],"on":[220,227],"biological":[221],"efficacy":[222],"but":[225],"workflow":[228],"efficiency,":[229],"versatility,":[231],"procedure":[232],"duration,":[233],"mapping":[234],"integration,":[235],"anaesthesia":[236],"requirements,":[237],"adaptability":[239],"differing":[241],"practices":[243],"geographic":[245],"settings.":[246],"CONCLUSIONS:":[247],"The":[248],"performance":[249],"system":[253],"reflects":[254],"interaction":[256],"biophysics,":[258],"characteristics,":[260],"controls,":[265],"Understanding":[269],"interconnected":[271],"essential":[274],"developing":[276],"technologies":[278],"are":[280],"effective,":[281],"safe,":[282],"predictable,":[283],"practical":[285],"contemporary":[287],"electrophysiology":[288],"laboratories.":[289]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-10-22T00:00:00"}