{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223072014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","title":"Availability and Access to Cardiovascular Medicines in Mozambique: A Scoping Review","display_name":"Availability and Access to Cardiovascular Medicines in Mozambique: A Scoping Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223072014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128105734","display_name":"Mariza Manguele","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6139-8622","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6139-8622"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariza Manguele","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159144819","display_name":"Ursula Sitoe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ursula Sitoe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134531211","display_name":"Maudy Sim\u00e3o Muchanga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maudy Muchanga","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128048446","display_name":"Emidio Filipe Dique","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7622-8315","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7622-8315"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emidio Dique","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128054289","display_name":"Agr\u00e1cio Cumbe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5830-7203","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5830-7203"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agr\u00e1cio Cumbe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117366610","display_name":"Soares Michal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3320-9853","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3320-9853"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soares Michal","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159124300","display_name":"Edna Manjate","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edna Manjate","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134549296","display_name":"Gerson Cuinica","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5266-8529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5266-8529"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerson Cuinica","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159126837","display_name":"Domingas Monjane","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Domingas Monjane","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159145723","display_name":"Gerruida Cumbe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerruida Cumbe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152639254","display_name":"Tuahara Andarusse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6416-6543","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6416-6543"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuahara Andarusse","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159135626","display_name":"Aben\u00edcio Ngovene","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aben\u00edcio Ngovene","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048821115","display_name":"Izaidino Jaime Muchanga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4507-6506","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4507-6506"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Izaidino Muchanga","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048821115"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12878","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Quality and Counterfeiting","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine-availability","display_name":"drug availability","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-stockouts","display_name":"drug stock-outs","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-affordability","display_name":"drug affordability","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-prices","display_name":"drug prices","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-medicines","display_name":"access to medicines","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-system-barriers","display_name":"health system barriers","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essential-medicines","display_name":"essential medicines","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke","display_name":"stroke","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anticoagulation","display_name":"anticoagulation","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statins","display_name":"statins","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-oral-anticoagulants","display_name":"direct oral anticoagulants","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digoxin","display_name":"digoxin","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-prevention","display_name":"secondary prevention","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mozambique","display_name":"Mozambique","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-and-middle-income-countries","display_name":"low- and middle-income countries","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutical-supply-chain","display_name":"pharmaceutical supply chain","score":0.5120000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5716000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777466982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227287","display_name":"Data extraction","level":3,"score":0.5435000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.46959999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61904560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148359","display_name":"Grey literature","level":3,"score":0.41130000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.38260000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.32350000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121426985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591763","display_name":"Private sector","level":2,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988170871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Healthcare system","level":3,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29374701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931388","display_name":"Cause of death","level":3,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.27079999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018284874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389735","display_name":"Cardiovascular health","level":3,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46578552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725393","display_name":"Global health","level":3,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202610.1931.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9922999739646912,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4322619587","https://openalex.org/W4293085272","https://openalex.org/W4377939155","https://openalex.org/W6960523341","https://openalex.org/W3010484680","https://openalex.org/W6941334964","https://openalex.org/W7130569874","https://openalex.org/W3126046759","https://openalex.org/W4315707369","https://openalex.org/W3017749128"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cardiovascular":[0],"diseases":[1,25],"(CVDs)":[2],"are":[3],"a":[4,191],"leading":[5],"cause":[6],"of":[7,14,30,51,54,101,167,194,230,243],"mortality":[8],"worldwide,":[9],"with":[10,32,140,164,254],"more":[11],"than":[12],"80%":[13,52,184],"deaths":[15],"occurring":[16],"in":[17,83,126,275],"low-":[18],"and":[19,45,74,91,94,99,124,130,177,200,208,259,267,285,296],"middle-income":[20],"countries.":[21],"In":[22],"Mozambique,":[23],"non-communicable":[24],"account":[26],"for":[27,247],"approximately":[28,168],"28%":[29],"deaths,":[31],"CVDs":[33],"contributing":[34],"substantially":[35,180],"to":[36,58,79,121,272,302,306],"this":[37],"burden.":[38],"Despite":[39],"the":[40,46,68,88,92,112,141,154,182],"country\u2019s":[41],"hierarchical":[42],"health":[43],"system":[44],"World":[47],"Health":[48],"Organization":[49],"target":[50],"availability":[53,166],"essential":[55,80,301],"medicines,":[56,197,202],"access":[57,78,305],"cardiovascular":[59,81,122,158,273,307],"medicines":[60,82,123,159,226,274],"remains":[61],"poorly":[62],"documented.":[63],"This":[64],"scoping":[65,142],"review":[66,86,143],"mapped":[67],"availability,":[69,113,163,282],"prices,":[70,115],"affordability,":[71,116],"physical":[72],"access,":[73],"health-system":[75,118],"barriers":[76,119,251],"affecting":[77],"Mozambique.":[84,127],"The":[85],"followed":[87],"PRISMA-ScR":[89],"guidelines":[90],"Arksey":[93],"O\u2019Malley":[95],"framework.":[96],"PubMed,":[97],"Scopus,":[98],"Web":[100],"Science":[102],"were":[103,133,211,217,252],"systematically":[104],"searched":[105],"without":[106],"publication-year":[107],"restrictions.":[108],"Eligible":[109],"studies":[110,152],"assessed":[111],"stock-outs,":[114,284],"or":[117],"related":[120],"diagnostics":[125],"Study":[128],"selection":[129],"data":[131],"extraction":[132],"independently":[134],"performed":[135],"by":[136,280],"multiple":[137],"reviewers.":[138],"Consistent":[139],"design,":[144],"formal":[145],"risk-of-bias":[146],"assessment":[147],"was":[148],"not":[149],"undertaken.":[150],"Fifteen":[151],"met":[153],"inclusion":[155],"criteria.":[156],"Essential":[157],"showed":[160],"persistently":[161],"low":[162,255,281],"mean":[165],"21%":[169],"across":[170],"public":[171,215],"hospital":[172],"pharmacies,":[173],"private":[174,178],"retail":[175],"outlets,":[176],"hospitals,":[179],"below":[181],"WHO":[183],"target.":[185],"Public":[186],"facilities":[187],"consistently":[188],"provided":[189],"only":[190],"limited":[192],"range":[193],"older":[195],"first-line":[196],"while":[198],"second-":[199],"third-line":[201],"statins,":[203],"digoxin,":[204],"direct":[205],"oral":[206],"anticoagulants,":[207],"diagnostic":[209],"reagents":[210],"frequently":[212],"unavailable.":[213],"When":[214],"stocks":[216],"depleted,":[218],"patients":[219],"relied":[220],"on":[221],"private-sector":[222,287],"purchases,":[223],"where":[224],"generic":[225],"cost":[227],"an":[228],"average":[229],"4.51":[231],"times":[232],"international":[233],"reference":[234],"prices.":[235,288],"Long-term":[236],"secondary":[237],"prevention":[238],"could":[239],"require":[240],"14.0\u201317.8":[241],"days":[242],"wages":[244],"per":[245],"month":[246],"low-income":[248],"workers.":[249],"These":[250],"associated":[253],"hypertension":[256],"awareness,":[257],"treatment,":[258],"control,":[260],"substantial":[261],"target-organ":[262],"damage,":[263],"high":[264],"stroke":[265],"case-fatality,":[266],"poor":[268],"anticoagulation":[269],"control.":[270],"Access":[271],"Mozambique":[276],"is":[277,300],"severely":[278],"constrained":[279],"frequent":[283],"unaffordable":[286],"Strengthening":[289],"medicine":[290],"selection,":[291],"supply-chain":[292],"management,":[293],"financial":[294],"protection,":[295],"decentralized":[297],"protocol-based":[298],"care":[299],"improve":[303],"equitable":[304],"treatment.":[308]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-10-21T00:00:00"}