{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223050657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14100266","title":"Surface Modification of ZnO Nanoparticles with L-Serine and Preliminary Antibacterial Properties Against Escherichia coli","display_name":"Surface Modification of ZnO Nanoparticles with L-Serine and Preliminary Antibacterial Properties Against Escherichia coli","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223050657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14100266"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/inorganics14100266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14100266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14100266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737417813","display_name":"Inorganics","issn_l":"2304-6740","issn":["2304-6740"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Inorganics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14100266","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010509920","display_name":"Marlene Lariza Andrade-Guel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-9000","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-9000"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194672558","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila","ror":"https://ror.org/00dpnh189","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194672558"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marlene Andrade-Guel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Arteaga 25350, Coahuila, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-9000","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Arteaga 25350, Coahuila, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194672558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034303814","display_name":"Juan Carlos Ortiz-Cuellar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8975-8840","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8975-8840"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194672558","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila","ror":"https://ror.org/00dpnh189","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194672558"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Carlos Ortiz-Cuellar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Arteaga 25350, Coahuila, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Arteaga 25350, Coahuila, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194672558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010093745","display_name":"Jes\u00fas Fernando Mart\u00ednez-Villafa\u00f1e","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4267-7332","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4267-7332"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194672558","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila","ror":"https://ror.org/00dpnh189","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194672558"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jes\u00fas Fernando Mart\u00ednez-Villafa\u00f1e","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Arteaga 25350, Coahuila, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4267-7332","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Arteaga 25350, Coahuila, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194672558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042805432","display_name":"Nelly Abiga\u00edl Rodr\u00edguez-Rosales","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8460-6242","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8460-6242"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189843002","display_name":"Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico de Saltillo","ror":"https://ror.org/04vbyvm90","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189843002"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090124","display_name":"Tecnol\u00f3gico Nacional de M\u00e9xico","ror":"https://ror.org/00davry38","country_code":"MX","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302736544","https://openalex.org/I4210090124","https://openalex.org/I4405258672"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nelly Abiga\u00edl Rodr\u00edguez-Rosales","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Metal Mec\u00e1nica, Tecnol\u00f3gico Nacional de M\u00e9xico/I.T. Saltillo, Saltillo 25280, Coahuila, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8460-6242","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Metal Mec\u00e1nica, Tecnol\u00f3gico Nacional de M\u00e9xico/I.T. Saltillo, Saltillo 25280, Coahuila, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189843002","https://openalex.org/I4210090124"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090915306","display_name":"Enrique D\u00edaz Barriga\u2010Castro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1971-4030","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1971-4030"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405269410","display_name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Aplicada","ror":"https://ror.org/042tbpc82","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405269410"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrique D\u00edaz Barriga-Castro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Aplicada, Saltillo 25294, Coahuila, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1971-4030","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Aplicada, Saltillo 25294, Coahuila, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405269410"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002173484","display_name":"Carlos Rodrigo Mu\u00f1iz-Valdez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7513-6381","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7513-6381"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194672558","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila","ror":"https://ror.org/00dpnh189","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194672558"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Rodrigo Mu\u00f1iz-Valdez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Arteaga 25350, Coahuila, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7513-6381","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Arteaga 25350, Coahuila, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194672558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065579721","display_name":"Christian Javier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-0976","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-0976"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405269410","display_name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Aplicada","ror":"https://ror.org/042tbpc82","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405269410"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christian J. Cabello-Alvarado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Aplicada, Saltillo 25294, Coahuila, Mexico","Investigador por M\u00e9xico Secihti-CIQA, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1562, Col. Cr\u00e9dito Constructor, Alcald\u00eda Benito Ju\u00e1rez, Ciudad de Mexico 03940, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-0976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Aplicada, Saltillo 25294, Coahuila, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405269410"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Investigador por M\u00e9xico Secihti-CIQA, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1562, Col. Cr\u00e9dito Constructor, Alcald\u00eda Benito Ju\u00e1rez, Ciudad de Mexico 03940, Mexico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050786593","display_name":"Jes\u00fas Salvador Galindo-Vald\u00e9s","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-7677","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-7677"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194672558","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila","ror":"https://ror.org/00dpnh189","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194672558"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jes\u00fas Salvador Galindo-Vald\u00e9s","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Arteaga 25350, Coahuila, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Coahuila, Arteaga 25350, Coahuila, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194672558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050786593","https://openalex.org/A5065579721"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194672558","https://openalex.org/I4405269410"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2654},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2654},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6233721,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"10","first_page":"266","last_page":"266"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10079","display_name":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10079","display_name":"Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10090","display_name":"ZnO doping and properties","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12526","display_name":"Antimicrobial agents and applications","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zinc-oxide-nanoparticles","display_name":"zinc oxide nanoparticles","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l-serine","display_name":"L-serine","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-modification","display_name":"surface modification","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibacterial-activity","display_name":"antibacterial activity","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/escherichia-coli","display_name":"Escherichia coli","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peptide-bond-formation","display_name":"peptide bond formation","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amino-acid-conjugation","display_name":"amino acid conjugation","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zeta-potential","display_name":"zeta potential","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticle-morphology","display_name":"nanoparticle morphology","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-resistance","display_name":"antibiotic resistance","score":0.5109999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547475151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25419","display_name":"Escherichia coli","level":3,"score":0.7178000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86181022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196823","display_name":"Zeta potential","level":3,"score":0.6697999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.6456999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6177999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7645993","display_name":"Surface modification","level":2,"score":0.6067000031471252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184133267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5090480","display_name":"Chemical modification","level":2,"score":0.5656999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175708663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899559","display_name":"X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.5406000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778439535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188777","display_name":"Amide","level":2,"score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515207424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066","display_name":"Amino acid","level":2,"score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172847","display_name":"Peptide","level":2,"score":0.4690999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.46219998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31684184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33293","display_name":"Peptide bond","level":3,"score":0.4510999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780104969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774530","display_name":"Antibacterial activity","level":3,"score":0.4271000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C499950583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183252","display_name":"Morphology (biology)","level":2,"score":0.39320001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11432220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1975334","display_name":"Dispersity","level":2,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160892712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901559","display_name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.3215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180577832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127920","display_name":"Covalent bond","level":2,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21951064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899212","display_name":"Combinatorial chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187530423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140503","display_name":"Particle size","level":2,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102404424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5090497","display_name":"Chemical state","level":3,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58123911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467410","display_name":"Biofilm","level":3,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71240020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186011","display_name":"Stereochemistry","level":1,"score":0.25540000200271606}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/inorganics14100266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14100266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14100266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737417813","display_name":"Inorganics","issn_l":"2304-6740","issn":["2304-6740"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Inorganics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4402048975b943e1a5d126fe7308ba4d","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4402048975b943e1a5d126fe7308ba4d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Inorganics, Vol 14, Iss 10, p 266 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/inorganics14100266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14100266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14100266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737417813","display_name":"Inorganics","issn_l":"2304-6740","issn":["2304-6740"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Inorganics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1111852518","https://openalex.org/W1965988288","https://openalex.org/W1982422980","https://openalex.org/W2007153340","https://openalex.org/W2020458316","https://openalex.org/W2022619897","https://openalex.org/W2043934279","https://openalex.org/W2051727435","https://openalex.org/W2057466373","https://openalex.org/W2067690310","https://openalex.org/W2067956475","https://openalex.org/W2076131041","https://openalex.org/W2098591487","https://openalex.org/W2107925005","https://openalex.org/W2147819711","https://openalex.org/W2325480793","https://openalex.org/W2363333755","https://openalex.org/W2755661463","https://openalex.org/W2781832421","https://openalex.org/W2953952549","https://openalex.org/W3007878994","https://openalex.org/W3009155667","https://openalex.org/W3100747410","https://openalex.org/W3136861861","https://openalex.org/W3156400225","https://openalex.org/W4213113465","https://openalex.org/W4214719263","https://openalex.org/W4214903534","https://openalex.org/W4221053979","https://openalex.org/W4308183566","https://openalex.org/W4389284761","https://openalex.org/W4400911606","https://openalex.org/W4401321113","https://openalex.org/W4406616222"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3034682210","https://openalex.org/W3216851907","https://openalex.org/W2948173051","https://openalex.org/W4387449414","https://openalex.org/W2038652668","https://openalex.org/W4386696887","https://openalex.org/W2152706870","https://openalex.org/W4411256564","https://openalex.org/W1995846723","https://openalex.org/W4309496704"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,6,9,18,78,180,242,250],"bacterial":[2],"mutation":[3],"and":[4,8,39,60,95,112,130,139,167,171,213],"evolution":[5],"survive":[7],"the":[10,27,48,58,71,83,86,102,122,142,147,152,160,165,185,194,205,234,239],"misuse":[11],"of":[12,29,63,73,85,125,141,190,193,216,226,258],"antibiotics,":[13],"there":[14,131],"is":[15,127],"greater":[16],"resistance":[17],"different":[19,22],"medications":[20],"among":[21],"bacteria.":[23],"This":[24],"study":[25],"presents":[26],"modification":[28,104],"ZnO":[30,206,231],"nanoparticles":[31,208,222,232],"with":[32,89,163],"L-serine":[33,65,126],"via":[34],"ultrasound,":[35],"their":[36,182],"physicochemical":[37],"evaluation,":[38],"antibacterial":[40],"performance":[41],"against":[42,245],"Escherichia":[43],"coli":[44,247],"(E.":[45],"coli).":[46],"Among":[47],"most":[49],"significant":[50],"results":[51],"are:":[52],"by":[53],"FT-IR,":[54],"a":[55,74,198,210,214,224],"union":[56],"between":[57,93,137,146],"carbonyl":[59],"amino":[61,66,148],"groups":[62],"two":[64],"acids":[67,149],"was":[68,105,173],"observed,":[69,99],"indicating":[70],"formation":[72],"peptide":[75,143],"bond":[76],"corresponding":[77],"amide":[79],"group":[80],"II.":[81],"In":[82,115],"TGA":[84],"samples":[87,161],"modified":[88,153,162],"L-serine,":[90,164],"weight":[91],"losses":[92],"360":[94],"455":[96],"\u00b0C":[97],"were":[98],"supporting":[100],"that":[101,121,135,204],"chemical":[103,186],"effective":[106],"for":[107,159,175,238],"both":[108],"reaction":[109],"times":[110],"(60":[111],"90":[113],"min).":[114],"XRD,":[116],"it":[117],"could":[118],"be":[119],"observed":[120],"characteristic":[123],"peak":[124],"at":[128],"22.8\u00b0,":[129],"are":[132],"other":[133],"signals":[134,169,177],"oscillate":[136],"10":[138],"20\u00b0":[140],"interlaces":[144],"formed":[145],"present":[150],"in":[151,178,184],"particles.":[154],"XPS":[155],"analysis":[156],"showed":[157,197],"that,":[158],"N1s":[166],"C1s":[168],"appeared,":[170],"deconvolution":[172],"performed":[174],"these":[176],"order":[179],"see":[181],"interactions":[183],"environment.":[187],"The":[188],"value":[189],"zeta":[191],"potential":[192],"sample":[195,241],"ZnOMOD90":[196,221,240],"bigger":[199],"change.":[200],"TEM":[201],"images":[202],"indicated":[203],"pure":[207,251],"have":[209,223],"hemispherical":[211],"morphology":[212],"size":[215,225],"approximately":[217,227],"24":[218],"nm,":[219],"while":[220],"53":[228],"nm.":[229],"Modified":[230],"increased":[233],"inhibition":[235,256],"zone":[236,257],"halo":[237],"31":[243],"mm":[244],"E.":[246],"bacteria,":[248],"compared":[249],"ZnO,":[252],"which":[253],"had":[254],"an":[255],"only":[259],"1":[260],"mm.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-10-21T00:00:00"}
