{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223042958","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6","title":"Historic diversity of pelagic copepods across the Arabian Gulf","display_name":"Historic diversity of pelagic copepods across the Arabian Gulf","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223042958","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036629","display_name":"Discover Oceans","issn_l":"2948-1562","issn":["2948-1562"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Oceans","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044023032","display_name":"Todd R. Clardy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-8789","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-8789"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801025900","display_name":"Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County","ror":"https://ror.org/00p9h0053","country_code":"US","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801025900"]}],"countries":["SA","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Todd R. Clardy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","Department of Ichthyology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-8789","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ichthyology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801025900"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159095267","display_name":"Muaadh Al-Nuwairah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muaadh Al-Nuwairah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029005838","display_name":"Priya Brata Das","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Priya B. Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058284473","display_name":"Biji K. Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4696-3457","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4696-3457"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197081775","display_name":"Annamalai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01x24z140","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197081775"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biji K. Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608002, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608002, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197081775"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073045140","display_name":"Tyas Hikmawan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7239-3374","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7239-3374"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165230279","display_name":"Universitas Gadjah Mada","ror":"https://ror.org/03ke6d638","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165230279"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tyas I. Hikmawan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165230279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058547712","display_name":"Perdana K. Prihartato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9393-5125","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9393-5125"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143841","display_name":"Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabia)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ypap427","country_code":"SA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143841"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Perdana Prihartato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Protection Department, Saudi Aramco, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Protection Department, Saudi Aramco, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159104803","display_name":"Khaled A. Abdulqader","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143841","display_name":"Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabia)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ypap427","country_code":"SA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143841"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khaled A. Abdulqader","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Protection Department, Saudi Aramco, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Protection Department, Saudi Aramco, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143841"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109157822","display_name":"Mohammed Qurban","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4507-7848","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4507-7848"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258317","display_name":"National Center for Wildlife","ror":"https://ror.org/00f66ec31","country_code":"SA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258317"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed A. Qurban","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","National Center for Wildlife Development, Ministry of Environment, Water & Agriculture, 12411, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Wildlife Development, Ministry of Environment, Water & Agriculture, 12411, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044023032"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113","https://openalex.org/I2801025900"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73946612,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10765","display_name":"Marine Biology and Ecology Research","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10765","display_name":"Marine Biology and Ecology Research","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11004","display_name":"Crustacean biology and ecology","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine Plankton and Biogeochemistry","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pelagic-copepods","display_name":"pelagic copepods","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persian-gulf","display_name":"Persian Gulf","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copepod-diversity","display_name":"copepod diversity","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zooplankton","display_name":"zooplankton","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomic-databases","display_name":"taxonomic databases","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/species-distribution","display_name":"species distribution","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pontellidae","display_name":"Pontellidae","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acartiidae","display_name":"Acartiidae","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paracalanidae","display_name":"Paracalanidae","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oithonidae","display_name":"Oithonidae","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biodiversity-loss","display_name":"biodiversity loss","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropogenic-pressure","display_name":"anthropogenic pressure","score":0.765999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77942228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191468","display_name":"Pelagic zone","level":2,"score":0.7427999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777235683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189973","display_name":"Copepod","level":3,"score":0.7208999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158836135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842627","display_name":"Zooplankton","level":2,"score":0.6554999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6065000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.6037999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.5992000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71640776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16521","display_name":"Taxon","level":2,"score":0.48590001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.4034000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.3874000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.3855000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780495617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230015","display_name":"Marine life","level":2,"score":0.3727000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62648534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706937","display_name":"Species diversity","level":2,"score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13474642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43806","display_name":"Invertebrate","level":2,"score":0.34450000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53565203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146659","display_name":"Species richness","level":2,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123575903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52106","display_name":"Biogeography","level":2,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187604713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5570810","display_name":"Global biodiversity","level":3,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78363866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215402","display_name":"Cosmopolitan distribution","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514101110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14373","display_name":"Fishing","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6550901","display_name":"Acartia tonsa","level":4,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84766238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25364","display_name":"Crustacean","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778878098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1276188","display_name":"Marine Strategy Framework Directive","level":3,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842388","display_name":"Ecosystem diversity","level":3,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036629","display_name":"Discover Oceans","issn_l":"2948-1562","issn":["2948-1562"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Oceans","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2515e5405e1f4e96a244ccb4aeee336d","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2515e5405e1f4e96a244ccb4aeee336d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Discover Oceans, Vol 3, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44289-026-00178-6.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407036629","display_name":"Discover Oceans","issn_l":"2948-1562","issn":["2948-1562"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Oceans","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322323","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324706","display_name":"Saudi Aramco","ror":"https://ror.org/03ypap427"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223042958.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223042958.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61652102","https://openalex.org/W1502221537","https://openalex.org/W1536721651","https://openalex.org/W1924557681","https://openalex.org/W1939464186","https://openalex.org/W1973885930","https://openalex.org/W1974642905","https://openalex.org/W1998398726","https://openalex.org/W2000873469","https://openalex.org/W2006830046","https://openalex.org/W2012426792","https://openalex.org/W2048273860","https://openalex.org/W2087670308","https://openalex.org/W2090396114","https://openalex.org/W2090595322","https://openalex.org/W2094699472","https://openalex.org/W2097340494","https://openalex.org/W2115208265","https://openalex.org/W2131089190","https://openalex.org/W2145465016","https://openalex.org/W2167213815","https://openalex.org/W2622500221","https://openalex.org/W2800125502","https://openalex.org/W3172110207","https://openalex.org/W3185811286","https://openalex.org/W4318022799","https://openalex.org/W6904589662"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2470787694","https://openalex.org/W4405635295","https://openalex.org/W4405307622","https://openalex.org/W1968863326","https://openalex.org/W4389300194","https://openalex.org/W4407386153","https://openalex.org/W2795082504","https://openalex.org/W2066104039","https://openalex.org/W2025984345","https://openalex.org/W2959406713"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,176,233],"Arabian":[1],"Gulf":[2,112,151,243,256],"(hereafter":[3],"\u201cGulf\u201d)":[4],"is":[5,50],"a":[6,88,117],"young":[7],"ocean":[8],"basin":[9,63,128],"noted":[10],"for":[11,15,248],"its":[12],"low":[13],"biodiversity":[14,45],"many":[16],"marine":[17,85,92],"organisms.":[18],"Natural":[19],"and":[20,32,35,80,129,152,168,186,198,219,227,241,246],"anthropogenic":[21],"factors,":[22],"such":[23],"as":[24,42],"shallow":[25],"depth,":[26],"high":[27,30],"water":[28],"temperatures,":[29],"salinity,":[31],"rapid":[33],"urbanization":[34],"industrialization":[36],"of":[37,46,58,84,91,100,107,120,135,160,163,203,230],"coastal":[38],"areas,":[39],"are":[40,244,257],"considered":[41],"stressors":[43],"on":[44,251],"the":[47,54,62,78,82,95,111,127,144,149,155,174,196,209,216,231,239,254],"Gulf.":[48,157,175,200,232],"It":[49],"important":[51],"to":[52,64,115,208,215],"investigate":[53],"broader":[55],"distributional":[56],"patterns":[57],"key":[59],"organisms":[60],"in":[61,110,143,148,154,192,224,238,253],"understand":[65],"how":[66],"those":[67],"communities":[68],"might":[69],"change":[70],"over":[71,104],"time.":[72],"In":[73],"this":[74],"study,":[75],"we":[76],"document":[77],"diversity":[79,237],"summarize":[81],"distribution":[83,194],"pelagic":[86,123],"copepods,":[87],"crucial":[89],"component":[90],"ecosystems,":[93],"throughout":[94],"basin.":[96],"A":[97,133,158,201],"comprehensive":[98],"review":[99],"82":[101],"publications":[102],"covering":[103],"110":[105],"years":[106],"zooplankton":[108],"research":[109,250],"was":[113],"conducted":[114],"generate":[116],"taxonomic":[118],"database":[119],"all":[121],"known":[122],"copepods":[124,164,252],"from":[125,165,173],"within":[126],"assess":[130],"taxa":[131,162,205],"distributions.":[132],"total":[134,159,202],"280":[136],"unique":[137],"copepod":[138,179,193,236],"sampling":[139],"stations":[140],"were":[141,171,206,213,222],"identified":[142],"Gulf,":[145,211,218],"with":[146],"144":[147],"Western":[150,197,210,226,240],"136":[153],"Eastern":[156,199,217,228,242],"107":[161],"25":[166],"families":[167,180],"43":[169],"genera":[170],"recorded":[172],"most":[177],"diverse":[178],"included":[181],"Pontellidae,":[182],"Acartiidae,":[183],"Paracalanidae,":[184],"Coryceidae,":[185],"Oithonidae.":[187],"We":[188],"documented":[189],"little":[190],"overlap":[191],"across":[195],"47":[204],"exclusive":[207,214],"32":[212],"just":[220],"30":[221],"found":[223],"both":[225],"regions":[229],"discrepancies":[234],"between":[235],"discussed,":[245],"recommendations":[247],"future":[249],"entire":[255],"presented.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-10-21T00:00:00"}
