{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223028153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","title":"Editorial: Frontiers in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in diabetic sensorimotor neuropathy, volume II","display_name":"Editorial: Frontiers in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in diabetic sensorimotor neuropathy, volume II","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223028153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42978641","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13727411"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597401208","display_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","issn_l":"1664-2392","issn":["1664-2392"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003782256","display_name":"\u0396oltan \u039aender","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-1587","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0745-1587"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223822909","display_name":"Heidelberg University","ror":"https://ror.org/038t36y30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146066","display_name":"Petz Alad\u00e1r Megyei Oktat\u00f3 K\u00f3rh\u00e1z","ror":"https://ror.org/03vqk1b90","country_code":"HU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146066"]}],"countries":["DE","HU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zolt\u00e1n Kender","raw_affiliation_strings":["Petz Aladar University Teaching Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism","University of Heidelberg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Petz Aladar University Teaching Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146066"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Heidelberg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100678176","display_name":"P\u00e9ter Kempler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6072-8832","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6072-8832"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101202996","display_name":"Semmelweis University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9ty582","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101202996"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P\u00e9ter Kempler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Semmelweis University, Department of Medicine and Oncology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Semmelweis University, Department of Medicine and Oncology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101202996"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003782256"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223822909","https://openalex.org/I4210146066"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"2009636","last_page":"2009636"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10196","display_name":"Pain Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.4016000032424927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10196","display_name":"Pain Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.4016000032424927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11735","display_name":"Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders","score":0.20080000162124634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.19949999451637268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-neuropathy-screening","display_name":"diabetic neuropathy screening","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantitative-sensory-testing","display_name":"quantitative sensory testing","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration-perception-threshold","display_name":"vibration perception threshold","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomic-dysfunction","display_name":"autonomic dysfunction","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-d-deficiency","display_name":"vitamin D deficiency","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate-variability","display_name":"heart rate variability","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/periodontitis","display_name":"periodontitis","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperesthesia","display_name":"hyperesthesia","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypoaesthesia","display_name":"hypoaesthesia","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"diabetic retinopathy","score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-nephropathy","display_name":"diabetic nephropathy","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.5205000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5127999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.49619999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.4876999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35785553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756720","display_name":"Ambulatory","level":2,"score":0.4634999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4625000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120488504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5358126","display_name":"Electromyoneurography","level":2,"score":0.43700000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779901536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q945238","display_name":"Peripheral neuropathy","level":3,"score":0.42809998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4133000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130093455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173253","display_name":"Sensation","level":2,"score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778638887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7633918","display_name":"Sudomotor","level":2,"score":0.3560999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020110884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q695416","display_name":"Outpatient clinic","level":2,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776869705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2661443","display_name":"Endocrine disease","level":4,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779178840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2046550","display_name":"Diabetic neuropathy","level":3,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40993552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514654","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989316616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6027402","display_name":"Lower limb","level":2,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46762472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178648","display_name":"Peripheral","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16568411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83042","display_name":"Neurology","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776146683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1742390","display_name":"Tilt table test","level":4,"score":0.251800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110235638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17119820","display_name":"Sensory threshold","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597401208","display_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","issn_l":"1664-2392","issn":["1664-2392"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13727411","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13727411/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13727411/pdf/fendo-17-2009636.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42978641","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42978641","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in endocrinology","raw_type":"Editorial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9c6ba8ad418c413b994625364e77d736","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9c6ba8ad418c413b994625364e77d736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/endocrinology/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.2009636/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597401208","display_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","issn_l":"1664-2392","issn":["1664-2392"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223028153.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223028153.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986510665","https://openalex.org/W4387823412","https://openalex.org/W4389147111","https://openalex.org/W7118594853","https://openalex.org/W7135227018","https://openalex.org/W7164053865","https://openalex.org/W7171664252"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7125494414","https://openalex.org/W7221095901","https://openalex.org/W2977528935","https://openalex.org/W2087060992","https://openalex.org/W2527297631","https://openalex.org/W2809012660","https://openalex.org/W2384815169","https://openalex.org/W2914378496","https://openalex.org/W2365753331","https://openalex.org/W4385817797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"disease":[0,30,932],"and":[1,8,31,273,283,323,380,414,454,457,473,484,504,520,541,563,574,576,586,604,607,611,642,659,666,680,713,729,775,787,804,818,825,852,864,887,895,897,900,906,930,946,958,970,978,1040,1088,1124,1147,1161,1181,1186,1204],"an":[2,164,555,1192],"association":[3],"between":[4,580,601,1084],"vitamin":[5],"D":[6,715],"deficiency":[7],"impaired":[9,1094,1130],"HRV":[10],"indices":[11],"(6).Although":[12],"the":[13,22,43,93,198,204,220,238,354,397,402,418,444,449,477,490,550,570,598,727,795,859,869,876,884,891,914,921,948,994,1036,1120,1126,1148],"cross-sectional":[14],"design":[15],"precludes":[16],"causal":[17],"inference,":[18],"these":[19,1033,1184],"findings":[20,160,1034],"emphasize":[21],"clinically":[23,977],"relevant":[24,1143],"intersection":[25],"of":[26,45,95,116,197,264,289,356,404,420,446,468,476,502,506,518,549,569,623,719,731,734,756,780,841,878,908,917,990,996,1015,1038,1110,1119,1128,1150],"autonomic":[27,564,892],"dysfunction,":[28,655],"renal":[29],"metabolic":[32],"factors.Nonetheless,":[33],"patients'":[34],"age":[35],"seems":[36,208],"to":[37,209,316,333,416,426,871,890,903,955,975,1043,1176,1188],"have":[38,292],"a":[39,54,58,80,84,111,357,486,515,547,630,702,737,765,811,838,942,951,1081,1111,1167],"significant":[40],"effect":[41],"on":[42,114,645],"severity":[44,419,730],"sensory":[46,290,341,345,351,439,602,925,966,984,991,1000,1024,1074,1112,1131],"neuropathy":[47,291,519,545,565,673,762,881,919,940,1045],"in":[48,57,125,141,163,212,228,247,256,271,428,460,528,634,695,736,1026,1154,1170],"type":[49,168,302,696,1029],"2":[50,169,1030],"diabetes":[51,71,188,304,698,707,1031],"mellitus.":[52],"In":[53,810],"study":[55],"performed":[56],"well-defined":[59],"metropolitan":[60],"area,":[61],"442":[62],"patients":[63,100,227,442,1172],"were":[64,101,153,192,234,254,347,386,494],"assessed":[65],"(mean":[66],"age,":[67,184,706],"65,5\u00b111,2":[68],"years,":[69],"mean":[70],"duration":[72],"9,6\u00b18,9":[73],"years).":[74],"Pressure":[75],"perception":[76,684,1087],"was":[77,90,394,435,508,724],"evaluated":[78],"with":[79,167,183,187,237,299,362,401,466,566,726,741,760,790,828,964,1021,1028,1076,1092],"10-g":[81],"Semmes-Weinstein":[82],"monofilament,":[83],"calibrated":[85],"128":[86],"Hz":[87],"tuning":[88,239],"fork":[89],"used":[91,246],"for":[92,279,305,451,596,608,670,691,800,832,844,861,950,1056,1144],"detection":[94,679],"vibration":[96],"sensing":[97],"(7).":[98,216],"Additionally,":[99],"asked":[102],"three":[103],"standardized":[104],"questions:":[105],"1.":[106],"\"Have":[107],"you":[108,121,138],"ever":[109],"had":[110,308,329,470],"non-healing":[112],"ulcer":[113],"any":[115,126,142],"your":[117],"limbs?\"":[118],"2.":[119],"\"Do":[120,137],"experience":[122],"persistent":[123],"pain":[124,331,393,475,588,606,1086,1096,1102,1157],"lower":[127,143],"limb":[128,144],"at":[129,145,325,489],"rest":[130,146],"lasting":[131,147],"more":[132,148,180,193,235,244,277,805,952,1134],"than":[133,149,186,554],"5":[134,150],"minutes?\"":[135,151],"3.":[136],"feel":[139],"discomfort":[140],"Answers":[152],"recorded":[154],"as":[155,260,287,514,546,629,716,941],"\"yes\"":[156],"or":[157,391],"\"no\".":[158],"These":[159],"suggest":[161],"that":[162,219,614,1108],"aging":[165],"population":[166],"diabetes,":[170],"peripheral":[171,557,581,618,1023],"nerve":[172,582,619,785,922,1007,1017],"damage":[173],"identified":[174,705],"by":[175,375,396,539],"standard":[176],"screening":[177,222],"tools":[178,200],"is":[179,243,266,275,523,593,1207],"strongly":[181],"associated":[182,725,1020],"rather":[185,553],"duration.":[189],"Neuropathy":[190],"symptoms":[191,1063],"frequently":[194],"reported,":[195],"regardless":[196],"diagnostic":[199,456,610,689,1048],"used.":[201],"This":[202,590,934,1105],"way,":[203],"selfdeveloped":[205],"simple":[206],"questionnaire":[207],"be":[210,512,1053,1142,1214],"useful":[211],"everyday":[213],"clinical":[214,368,643,962,1062],"practice":[215],"Data":[217],"indicates":[218],"two":[221],"methods":[223],"often":[224],"identify":[225,976],"different":[226,1022,1067],"routine":[229],"outpatient":[230],"practice.":[231],"Abnormal":[232],"results":[233],"common":[236],"fork;":[240],"this":[241,257,274,529,533,746,872],"device":[242],"widely":[245,806],"Europe.":[248],"Some":[249],"highly":[250],"interesting":[251],"case":[252,355],"reports":[253],"published":[255],"special":[258],"issue":[259],"well.":[261],"The":[262,536],"role":[263],"dentistry":[265,461],"overall":[267],"underevaluated,":[268],"almost":[269],"neglected":[270],"diabetology":[272],"even":[276],"valid":[278],"neuropathy.":[280,636],"Early":[281],"hyperaesthesia":[282],"late":[284],"hypoaesthesia,":[285],"both":[286,814],"manifestations":[288],"been":[293],"reported":[294,395,783,831],"(8).":[295],"A":[296,637,778],"14-year-old":[297],"girl":[298],"poorly":[300],"controlled":[301],"1":[303,697],"10":[306],"years":[307],"gingivitis,":[309],"angular":[310],"cheilitis,":[311],"severe":[312,371],"plaque":[313],"accumulation":[314],"due":[315],"poor":[317,365],"oral":[318,409,422],"hygiene,":[319],"generalized":[320,344,372],"carious":[321,384],"lesions":[322,385],"pericoronaritis":[324],"tooth":[326,381],"47.":[327],"She":[328],"amplified":[330],"reactions":[332],"dental":[334,412],"procedures":[335],"despite":[336],"adequate":[337],"local":[338],"anaesthesia.":[339],"Lower":[340],"thresholds":[342],"reflecting":[343],"hyperexcitability":[346],"documented":[348],"during":[349,411,437,993],"quantitative":[350,438,965,1073],"testing":[352,686,1075],"(8).In":[353],"55":[358],"year":[359],"old":[360],"man":[361],"long":[363],"term":[364],"glycaemic":[366,447,788],"control,":[367,448],"examination":[369],"revealed":[370,1012],"periodontitis":[373],"characterized":[374],"gingival":[376],"recession,":[377],"attachment":[378],"loss":[379,603,1109,1118],"mobility.":[382],"Multiple":[383,480],"also":[387,912,1003],"recorded.":[388],"However,":[389],"little":[390],"no":[392],"patient,":[398],"being":[399],"incongruent":[400],"extent":[403],"pathology.":[405],"He":[406],"described":[407],"diminished":[408],"sensitivity":[410],"interventions":[413],"tended":[415],"underestimate":[417],"his":[421],"condition,":[423],"which":[424,1171],"contributed":[425],"delays":[427],"seeking":[429],"treatment.":[430],"Severe,":[431],"partially":[432],"maximal":[433],"hypoaesthesia":[434],"detected":[436],"testing.":[440],"Both":[441],"illustrate":[443,875],"importance":[445,1127],"need":[450,860,949],"interdisciplinary":[452],"cooperation":[453],"individualised":[455],"therapeutic":[458,612,668,770,1198,1221],"strategies":[459,613,1199],"(8).A":[462],"22-year-old":[463],"female":[464],"patient":[465,981,1145],"episodes":[467],"hypoglycaemia":[469,503],"numbness,":[471],"tingling":[472],"burning":[474],"limbs":[478],"(9).":[479],"radiculopathies,":[481],"sensorimotor":[482],"polyneuropathy":[483,998],"later":[485],"contrast-enhancing":[487],"tumour":[488],"pancreatic":[491],"body-trail":[492],"transition":[493],"diagnosed.":[495],"After":[496],"laparoscopic":[497],"distal":[498,888],"pancreatectomy":[499],"prompt":[500],"resolution":[501],"alleviation":[505],"neuropathy-symptoms":[507],"observed.":[509],"Insulinoma":[510],"should":[511,1164],"considered":[513],"rare":[516],"origin":[517],"early":[521,678,692],"diagnosis":[522,957],"essential":[524],"(9).The":[525],"reviews":[526],"included":[527],"Research":[530,873],"Topic":[531,874],"broaden":[532],"perspective":[534,768],"considerably.":[535],"outstanding":[537],"review":[538,639],"Okdahl":[540],"Brock":[542],"reframes":[543],"diabetic":[544,635,672,761,845,880,918,939,997,1058],"disorder":[548],"entire":[551],"neuroaxis":[552],"exclusively":[556],"complication":[558],"(10).":[559],"It":[560],"integrates":[561],"somatic":[562],"diabetes-related":[567],"alterations":[568],"spinal":[571],"cord,":[572],"brainstem":[573],"brain,":[575,896],"highlights":[577,1125],"bidirectional":[578],"interactions":[579],"injury,":[583],"central":[584],"neuroplasticity":[585],"altered":[587],"modulation.":[589],"holistic":[591],"concept":[592],"particularly":[594,1054],"important":[595,1055,1193],"understanding":[597],"frequent":[599],"dissociation":[600,1083],"neuropathic":[605,1179],"developing":[609],"extend":[615],"beyond":[616,1046],"conventional":[617,1047],"assessment.Therapeutic":[620],"opportunities":[621],"are":[622,1173],"crucial":[624],"importance.":[625],"Oxidative":[626],"stress":[627,647,658],"emerges":[628],"key":[631],"mechanistic":[632,1050,1138,1162,1210],"hub":[633],"narrative":[638],"synthesised":[640],"experimental":[641],"evidence":[644,797],"oxidative":[646],"related":[648],"pathway,":[649],"including":[650],"hyperglycaemia":[651],"-activated":[652],"routes,":[653],"mitochondrial":[654],"endoplasmatic":[656],"reticulum":[657],"chronic":[660],"inflammatory":[661,824],"signalling":[662],"(11).":[663],"New":[664],"agents":[665],"emerging":[667],"targets":[669],"painful":[671,1057],"Several":[674],"original":[675],"studies":[676,866],"address":[677],"risk":[681,901],"prediction.":[682],"Current":[683],"threshold":[685],"showed":[687],"moderate":[688],"accuracy":[690],"C-fiber":[693],"dysfunction":[694,992],"(":[699],"16),":[700],"whereas":[701],"random-forest":[703],"model":[704],"duration,":[708],"HbA1c,":[709],"glycated":[710],"serum":[711],"protein":[712],"25-hydroxyvitamin":[714],"major":[717],"predictors":[718],"DPN":[720,732],"(17).":[721],"Glycaemic":[722],"variability":[723],"presence":[728],"independently":[733],"HbA1c":[735],"propensity":[738],"score-matched":[739],"cohort,":[740],"systemic":[742],"inflammation":[743],"partly":[744],"mediating":[745],"relationship":[747],"(18).":[748],"Mendelian":[749],"randomization":[750],"additionally":[751],"suggested":[752],"potentially":[753],"protective":[754],"associations":[755],"selected":[757],"phosphatidylcholine":[758],"species":[759],"risk,":[763],"opening":[764],"hypothesisgenerating":[766],"lipidomic":[767],"(19).The":[769],"contributions":[771,870],"span":[772],"pharmacological,":[773],"lifestyle":[774],"complication-oriented":[776],"approaches.":[777],"meta-analysis":[779,840],"seven":[781],"trials":[782,808],"improved":[784,822],"conduction":[786],"outcomes":[789],"dapagliflozin":[791],"plus":[792],"methylcobalamin,":[793],"although":[794],"limited":[796],"base":[798],"calls":[799],"larger,":[801],"rigorously":[802],"designed":[803],"generalizable":[807],"(20).":[809],"randomized":[812],"study,":[813],"high-intensity":[815],"interval":[816,834],"training":[817,821,835],"moderate-intensity":[819],"continuous":[820],"metabolic,":[823],"neurological":[826],"outcomes,":[827],"greater":[829],"effects":[830],"highintensity":[833],"(21).":[836],"Finally,":[837],"network":[839],"antimicrobial":[842],"dressings":[843,854],"foot":[846,909],"ulcers":[847],"ranked":[848],"antibiotic-impregnated":[849],"bone":[850],"cement":[851],"silver":[853],"most":[855],"favorably,":[856],"while":[857],"underscoring":[858],"direct":[862],"comparative":[863],"cost-effectiveness":[865],"(22).Taken":[867],"together,":[868],"breadth":[877],"contemporary":[879],"research:":[882],"from":[883,898,1066,1133],"Schwann":[885],"cell":[886],"axon":[889],"nervous":[893],"system":[894],"biomarkers":[899,969],"prediction":[902],"exercise,":[904],"pharmacotherapy":[905],"management":[907],"complications.":[910],"They":[911],"highlight":[913],"considerable":[915],"heterogeneity":[916,935],"regarding":[920],"fibers":[923],"involved,":[924],"manifestations,":[926],"pain,":[927],"underlying":[928,1005,1182],"mechanisms":[929,1187],"individual":[931,1178],"trajectories.":[933],"argues":[936],"against":[937],"considering":[938],"single":[943],"uniform":[944],"entity":[945],"emphasizes":[947],"personalized":[953],"approach":[954,1169],"its":[956],"treatment.Detailed":[959],"phenotyping":[960,1051,1206],"integrating":[961],"characteristics":[963],"testing,":[967],"neurophysiology,":[968],"advanced":[971,1135,1159],"imaging":[972,1160],"may":[973,1002,1052,1140],"help":[974],"mechanistically":[979],"distinct":[980,988,1013],"subgroups.":[982],"Longitudinal":[983],"profiling":[985],"has":[986],"demonstrated":[987,1080],"trajectories":[989],"course":[995],"(23).Importantly,":[999],"phenotypes":[1001,1025,1185],"reflect":[1004],"structural":[1006,1018,1039],"alterations:":[1008],"magnetic":[1009],"resonance":[1010],"neurography":[1011],"patterns":[1014],"sciatic":[1016],"integrity":[1019],"individuals":[1027,1091],"(24).Together,":[1032],"support":[1035],"integration":[1037],"functional":[1041],"measures":[1042],"characterize":[1044],"categories.Such":[1049],"neuropathy,":[1059],"where":[1060],"similar":[1061],"can":[1064],"arise":[1065],"pathophysiological":[1068],"processes.":[1069],"Recent":[1070],"work":[1071],"combining":[1072],"C-fiber-oriented":[1077],"electrical":[1078],"stimulation":[1079],"striking":[1082],"heat":[1085,1095],"nociceptor":[1089],"excitability:":[1090],"markedly":[1093],"could":[1097],"retain":[1098],"substantial":[1099],"electrically":[1100],"evoked":[1101],"responses":[1103],"(25).":[1104],"mismatch":[1106],"suggests":[1107],"function":[1113],"does":[1114],"not":[1115],"necessarily":[1116],"imply":[1117],"corresponding":[1121],"excitable":[1122],"axons":[1123],"distinguishing":[1129],"transduction":[1132],"denervation.":[1136],"Such":[1137],"differences":[1139],"ultimately":[1141],"stratification":[1146],"development":[1149],"mechanism-based":[1151],"treatments.Ultimately,":[1152],"advances":[1153],"deep":[1155],"phenotyping,":[1156],"research,":[1158],"characterization":[1163],"converge":[1165],"towards":[1166,1196],"precision-medicine":[1168],"stratified":[1174],"according":[1175],"their":[1177],"phenotype":[1180],"pathophysiology.Linking":[1183],"treatment":[1189],"response":[1190],"represents":[1191],"next":[1194],"step":[1195],"individualized":[1197],"(Figure":[1200],"1).":[1201],"Thus,":[1202],"earlier":[1203],"multidimensional":[1205],"essential,":[1208],"but":[1209],"insights":[1211],"must":[1212],"now":[1213],"translated":[1215],"into":[1216],"robust":[1217],"prospective":[1218],"studies,":[1219],"targeted":[1220],"approaches":[1222],"and,":[1223],"ultimately,":[1224],"disease-modifying":[1225],"interventions.":[1226]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-10-21T00:00:00"}