{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223028017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr043090","title":"Mechanisms of Ultrasound\u2010Assisted In Situ Chemical Oxidation for Groundwater Remediation: A Laboratory\u2010Scale Column Study","display_name":"Mechanisms of Ultrasound\u2010Assisted In Situ Chemical Oxidation for Groundwater Remediation: A Laboratory\u2010Scale Column Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223028017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr043090"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1029/2025wr043090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr043090","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr043090","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2025WR043090","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204847658","display_name":"Water Resources Research","issn_l":"0043-1397","issn":["0043-1397","1944-7973"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Resources Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2025WR043090","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019273813","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9710-7159","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9710-7159"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079794571","display_name":"Yan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0026-8229","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0026-8229"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0026-8229","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124958717","display_name":"Siyuan Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siyuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124876961","display_name":"Mingxiu Ji","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingxiu Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159141609","display_name":"Ruipeng Dong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruipeng Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159109046","display_name":"Xueyao Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueyao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi\u2010arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University  Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water and Environment Chang'an University  Xi'an People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079794571"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68813488,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"10","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10210","display_name":"Advanced oxidation water treatment","score":0.9351000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10210","display_name":"Advanced oxidation water treatment","score":0.9351000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12078","display_name":"Environmental remediation with nanomaterials","score":0.042100001126527786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10894","display_name":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","score":0.006300000008195639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-remediation","display_name":"groundwater remediation","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-permeability-porous-media","display_name":"low-permeability porous media","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonic-pretreatment","display_name":"ultrasonic pretreatment","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cavitation","display_name":"cavitation","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pore-structure-modification","display_name":"pore structure modification","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permeability-enhancement","display_name":"permeability enhancement","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-effects","display_name":"thermal effects","score":0.421999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aquifer-heterogeneity","display_name":"aquifer heterogeneity","score":0.6790000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.7142000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522964758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2019586","display_name":"Environmental remediation","level":3,"score":0.6636999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37992848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5611037","display_name":"Groundwater remediation","level":4,"score":0.6434999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33556824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179509","display_name":"Hydrogeology","level":2,"score":0.635200023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120882062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28352","display_name":"Permeability (electromagnetism)","level":3,"score":0.620199978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51038369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909534","display_name":"Mass transfer","level":2,"score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105569014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271208","display_name":"Porous medium","level":3,"score":0.5882999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75622301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791","display_name":"Aquifer","level":3,"score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5149000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777822432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216681","display_name":"In situ","level":2,"score":0.4934999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.46779999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.45210000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6648577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669","display_name":"Porosity","level":2,"score":0.4408999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.4343999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.39910000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.39100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107211472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284486","display_name":"Human decontamination","level":2,"score":0.3833000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.35269999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778192778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20113712","display_name":"Groundwater pollution","level":4,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.31619998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177801218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36534","display_name":"Chemical reaction","level":2,"score":0.3156000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148898269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1108792","display_name":"Kinetics","level":2,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82685317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19829510","display_name":"Pollutant","level":2,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36663273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209082","display_name":"Chemical kinetics","level":3,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40472508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069649","display_name":"Zerovalent iron","level":3,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124223222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2281940","display_name":"Chemical process","level":2,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20625102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137056","display_name":"Corrosion","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190960625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058719","display_name":"Water treatment","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780759640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36534","display_name":"Chemical transformation","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1029/2025wr043090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr043090","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr043090","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2025WR043090","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204847658","display_name":"Water Resources Research","issn_l":"0043-1397","issn":["0043-1397","1944-7973"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Resources Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:155142fa5823490ab146728fcb921320","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/155142fa5823490ab146728fcb921320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Water Resources Research, Vol 62, Iss 10, Pp n/a-n/a (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1029/2025wr043090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr043090","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025wr043090","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2025WR043090","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S204847658","display_name":"Water Resources Research","issn_l":"0043-1397","issn":["0043-1397","1944-7973"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Resources Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3035263795","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021M692736","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335443","funder_display_name":"Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3955949999","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42477084","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335443","display_name":"Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223028017.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223028017.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1242668385","https://openalex.org/W1515669916","https://openalex.org/W1788126008","https://openalex.org/W1880185559","https://openalex.org/W1883031799","https://openalex.org/W1988978544","https://openalex.org/W1996329988","https://openalex.org/W2000833069","https://openalex.org/W2001410680","https://openalex.org/W2009185073","https://openalex.org/W2027183324","https://openalex.org/W2044412303","https://openalex.org/W2060338353","https://openalex.org/W2089494072","https://openalex.org/W2113222087","https://openalex.org/W2136750680","https://openalex.org/W2139744394","https://openalex.org/W2261399118","https://openalex.org/W2267518973","https://openalex.org/W2326350333","https://openalex.org/W2338538315","https://openalex.org/W2470691918","https://openalex.org/W2517301815","https://openalex.org/W2547727779","https://openalex.org/W2585569464","https://openalex.org/W2592240035","https://openalex.org/W2605977107","https://openalex.org/W2750098455","https://openalex.org/W2785185851","https://openalex.org/W2807155917","https://openalex.org/W2811131514","https://openalex.org/W2898088209","https://openalex.org/W2900516066","https://openalex.org/W2918287213","https://openalex.org/W2940815279","https://openalex.org/W2946342542","https://openalex.org/W2969745533","https://openalex.org/W2978884637","https://openalex.org/W2987184655","https://openalex.org/W2997997621","https://openalex.org/W3004076535","https://openalex.org/W3016347202","https://openalex.org/W3021566866","https://openalex.org/W3030341124","https://openalex.org/W3045688116","https://openalex.org/W3133435813","https://openalex.org/W3152862258","https://openalex.org/W3158131059","https://openalex.org/W3159904716","https://openalex.org/W3178827555","https://openalex.org/W3204458264","https://openalex.org/W4200061997","https://openalex.org/W4213001447","https://openalex.org/W4220810741","https://openalex.org/W4221069414","https://openalex.org/W4224310409","https://openalex.org/W4232314910","https://openalex.org/W4287511341","https://openalex.org/W4293473554","https://openalex.org/W4377231987","https://openalex.org/W4383313499","https://openalex.org/W4387452002","https://openalex.org/W4387749137","https://openalex.org/W4389132127","https://openalex.org/W4391562846","https://openalex.org/W4392282891","https://openalex.org/W4393943647","https://openalex.org/W4397033338","https://openalex.org/W4401062302","https://openalex.org/W4401155265","https://openalex.org/W4402307205","https://openalex.org/W4405417881","https://openalex.org/W4406896723","https://openalex.org/W4408888814","https://openalex.org/W7088335531","https://openalex.org/W7154455962","https://openalex.org/W7155005546"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7135234242","https://openalex.org/W7127370412","https://openalex.org/W7222827892","https://openalex.org/W4412818171","https://openalex.org/W2063283848","https://openalex.org/W3134802129","https://openalex.org/W4384501617","https://openalex.org/W425501534","https://openalex.org/W4408888814","https://openalex.org/W133970488"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Groundwater":[1],"contamination":[2],"has":[3],"become":[4],"an":[5],"increasingly":[6],"critical":[7],"environmental":[8],"concern":[9],"worldwide.":[10],"In":[11],"situ":[12],"chemical":[13],"oxidation":[14,163,175],"(ISCO)":[15],"is":[16,30,155],"considered":[17],"a":[18,228],"promising":[19],"technology":[20],"for":[21,231],"groundwater":[22],"remediation,":[23],"but":[24],"its":[25,232],"performance":[26,67],"in":[27,36,50,222],"heterogeneous":[28],"aquifers":[29],"often":[31],"constrained":[32],"by":[33],"mass\u2010transfer":[34],"limitations":[35],"low\u2010permeability":[37,51,223],"zones,":[38],"leading":[39],"to":[40,59,109,218],"suboptimal":[41],"treatment":[42],"efficiency.":[43],"Theoretically,":[44],"ultrasound":[45],"(US)":[46],"can":[47],"enhance":[48],"permeability":[49,143,204],"regions,":[52],"accelerate":[53],"oxidant":[54,145],"transport,":[55],"and":[56,68,101,104,118,137,144,148,166,177,206,226,235],"activate":[57],"oxidants":[58],"strengthen":[60],"their":[61],"degradation":[62,91,201],"capacity;":[63],"however,":[64],"the":[65,111,128,132,184,199,213],"remediation":[66],"underlying":[69],"mechanisms":[70],"of":[71,114,131,187,215],"US\u2010ISCO":[72,216],"coupling":[73,217],"have":[74],"not":[75],"yet":[76],"been":[77],"systematically":[78],"validated":[79],"through":[80,135,164,203],"experiments.":[81],"To":[82],"address":[83],"this":[84,86],"gap,":[85],"study":[87,211],"conducted":[88],"laboratory\u2010scale":[89],"packed\u2010column":[90],"experiments":[92],"under":[93,237],"three":[94],"ultrasonic":[95,99,125],"modes":[96],"(no":[97],"US,":[98],"pre\u2010treatment,":[100],"continuous":[102],"US)":[103],"employed":[105],"nuclear":[106],"magnetic":[107],"resonance":[108],"characterize":[110],"temporal":[112],"evolution":[113],"OTC\u2010related":[115],"hydrogen\u2010bearing":[116],"signals":[117],"pore\u2010structure":[119],"changes.":[120],"The":[121,170],"results":[122],"show":[123],"that":[124],"pretreatment":[126],"modifies":[127],"pore":[129],"structure":[130],"porous":[133,224],"medium":[134],"cavitation\u2010":[136],"vibration\u2010related":[138],"mechanical":[139],"effects,":[140],"thereby":[141],"enhancing":[142],"mass":[146,178],"transfer":[147],"consequently":[149],"accelerating":[150],"contaminant":[151,220],"removal.":[152],"When":[153],"US":[154,182,208],"continuously":[156],"applied":[157],"during":[158],"ISCO,":[159],"it":[160],"further":[161,233],"intensifies":[162],"thermal":[165],"other":[167],"US\u2010associated":[168],"effects.":[169],"measured":[171],"temperature":[172],"rise":[173],"promotes":[174],"kinetics":[176],"transfer,":[179],"while":[180],"sustained":[181],"alters":[183],"transformation":[185],"pathways":[186],"several":[188],"key":[189],"intermediates,":[190],"indicating":[191],"additional":[192],"reaction":[193],"routes.":[194],"These":[195],"coupled":[196],"effects":[197],"yield":[198],"highest":[200],"efficiency":[202],"enhancement":[205],"in\u2010reaction":[207],"intensification.":[209],"This":[210],"demonstrates":[212],"potential":[214],"improve":[219],"removal":[221],"media":[225],"provides":[227],"mechanistic":[229],"basis":[230],"scale\u2010up":[234],"evaluation":[236],"complex":[238],"hydrogeological":[239],"conditions.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-10-21T00:00:00"}