{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7223018992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.758844","title":"Fluctuating hydrodynamic forces increase fish locomotor variability in turbulence","display_name":"Fluctuating hydrodynamic forces increase fish locomotor variability in turbulence","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7223018992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.758844"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.13.758844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.758844","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.758844","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/19/2026.10.13.758844.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/19/2026.10.13.758844.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040760367","display_name":"Michael A. Calicchia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8235-9639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8235-9639"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Calicchia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8235-9639","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051664016","display_name":"Divya Ramesh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1387-7832","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1387-7832"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Divya Ramesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018590276","display_name":"Yangfan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5625-6409","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5625-6409"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangfan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5625-6409","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159130428","display_name":"Caleb Pipes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caleb Pipes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053939876","display_name":"GEORGE V. LAUDER","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-286X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-286X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George V. Lauder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-286X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090831677","display_name":"Rui Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7178-1479","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7178-1479"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rui Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090831677"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11170","display_name":"Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11170","display_name":"Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11387","display_name":"Ichthyology and Marine Biology","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fish-swimming","display_name":"fish locomotion","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence","display_name":"turbulent flow","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/velocity-fluctuations","display_name":"velocity fluctuations","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/devario-aequipinnatus","display_name":"Devario aequipinnatus","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrodynamic-forces","display_name":"hydrodynamic forces","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swimming-speed","display_name":"swimming speed","score":0.48899999260902405}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.8500999808311462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76563973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189452","display_name":"Laminar flow","level":2,"score":0.7350999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5777000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79420006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533668","display_name":"Thrust","level":2,"score":0.5224999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.46970000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3919000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205904022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6803620","display_name":"Mean flow","level":3,"score":0.38659998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909208804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127282","display_name":"Fish <Actinopterygii>","level":2,"score":0.37770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15476950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7854776","display_name":"Turbulence kinetic energy","level":3,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3124000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3012000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166693061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5462119","display_name":"Flow velocity","level":3,"score":0.2897999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63460653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5454646","display_name":"Fish locomotion","level":3,"score":0.2655999958515167}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.13.758844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.758844","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.758844","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/19/2026.10.13.758844.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.13.758844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.758844","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.758844","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/19/2026.10.13.758844.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3088767819","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-21-1-2661","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8963498951","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-24-1-2152","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223018992.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7223018992.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W71448794","https://openalex.org/W1934748198","https://openalex.org/W1977512866","https://openalex.org/W2003082213","https://openalex.org/W2017518428","https://openalex.org/W2023075441","https://openalex.org/W2023608697","https://openalex.org/W2030959868","https://openalex.org/W2058420110","https://openalex.org/W2089373515","https://openalex.org/W2102252409","https://openalex.org/W2107204370","https://openalex.org/W2122469780","https://openalex.org/W2135714908","https://openalex.org/W2138578406","https://openalex.org/W2142875600","https://openalex.org/W2143399627","https://openalex.org/W2150406592","https://openalex.org/W2257791260","https://openalex.org/W2298101143","https://openalex.org/W2325942981","https://openalex.org/W2497052398","https://openalex.org/W2620561003","https://openalex.org/W2887114371","https://openalex.org/W2950100524","https://openalex.org/W3172557238","https://openalex.org/W4210291279","https://openalex.org/W4223422326","https://openalex.org/W4306825435","https://openalex.org/W4366083181","https://openalex.org/W4399394464","https://openalex.org/W4400434823","https://openalex.org/W4411709735","https://openalex.org/W4414984987","https://openalex.org/W7138974555","https://openalex.org/W7154058881","https://openalex.org/W7165637850","https://openalex.org/W7171368990","https://openalex.org/W7207744274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4412079222","https://openalex.org/W7138974555","https://openalex.org/W2030959868","https://openalex.org/W7143323814","https://openalex.org/W48594787","https://openalex.org/W1989657252","https://openalex.org/W4391101184","https://openalex.org/W7165637850","https://openalex.org/W2094696137","https://openalex.org/W2050582381"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Turbulence":[1,76],"has":[2],"been":[3],"shown":[4],"to":[5,56,134,138],"alter":[6],"fish":[7,133],"locomotion":[8],"and":[9,42,115,166,182],"increase":[10,146],"the":[11,17,71,79,122,144],"energetic":[12],"cost":[13],"of":[14,81,92,124],"swimming,":[15],"yet":[16],"mechanisms":[18],"underlying":[19],"these":[20,170],"effects":[21,65],"remain":[22],"unclear.":[23],"To":[24],"address":[25],"this,":[26],"we":[27],"studied":[28],"giant":[29],"danios":[30],"(":[31],"Devario":[32],"aequipinnatus":[33],")":[34],"swimming":[35,155],"at":[36,67],"multiple":[37],"speeds":[38],"in":[39,104,112,147],"both":[40],"laminar":[41,57],"turbulent":[43,47,177],"flows.":[44],"Within":[45],"this":[46,105],"regime,":[48],"mean":[49,113],"tail-beat":[50],"kinematics":[51],"were":[52],"largely":[53],"unchanged":[54],"relative":[55],"conditions,":[58],"but":[59],"cycle-to-cycle":[60],"variability":[61],"increased,":[62],"with":[63,121],"larger":[64],"occurring":[66],"higher":[68],"speeds,":[69],"where":[70],"velocity":[72,102,125,178],"fluctuations":[73,103],"are":[74],"stronger.":[75],"also":[77],"increased":[78,93,159,183],"frequency":[80],"asymmetric":[82],"tail":[83,167],"beats,":[84],"particularly":[85],"under":[86],"stronger":[87],"fluctuations,":[88,179],"providing":[89],"further":[90,151],"evidence":[91],"locomotor":[94,136,180],"variability.":[95,149],"A":[96],"quasi-steady":[97],"hydrodynamic":[98,164],"model":[99],"suggests":[100],"that":[101,153],"flow":[106],"regime":[107],"produce":[108],"relatively":[109],"small":[110],"changes":[111],"thrust":[114,118],"drag,":[116],"whereas":[117],"variance":[119],"scales":[120],"square":[123],"fluctuation":[126],"magnitude.":[127],"These":[128],"variable":[129],"forces":[130,165],"likely":[131],"prompt":[132],"adjust":[135],"output":[137],"maintain":[139],"position,":[140],"which":[141],"could":[142],"explain":[143],"observed":[145],"kinematic":[148],"We":[150],"show":[152],"mechanical":[154],"power":[156],"can":[157],"be":[158],"through":[160],"correlations":[161],"between":[162,176],"fluctuating":[163],"velocity.":[168],"Together,":[169],"results":[171],"suggest":[172],"a":[173],"mechanistic":[174],"link":[175],"variability,":[181],"energy":[184],"expenditure.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-10-21T00:00:00"}
