{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7222980237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.753869","title":"High Efficiency Gene Editing And Phenotype Generation In Avian Embryos Using Lipid Nanoparticles As A Vector Delivery Platform","display_name":"High Efficiency Gene Editing And Phenotype Generation In Avian Embryos Using Lipid Nanoparticles As A Vector Delivery Platform","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7222980237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.753869"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.13.753869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.753869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.753869","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/19/2026.10.13.753869.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/19/2026.10.13.753869.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027693583","display_name":"Juan Pablo Zanin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6216-0101","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6216-0101","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3011-4011"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan P. Zanin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6216-0101","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159365617","display_name":"Benjamin M.J Collerton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin M.J Collerton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159058519","display_name":"Samatha K Nguyen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samatha K. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038934720","display_name":"William N. Feist","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5870-4460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5870-4460"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William N. Feist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5870-4460","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087066869","display_name":"Melissa L. Coquelin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melissa L Coquelin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083774537","display_name":"Jeffrey N. Stout","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7342-3018","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7342-3018"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey N. Stout","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7342-3018","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159029988","display_name":"Bailey B Blair","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bailey B. Blair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038298056","display_name":"James B. Papizan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4257-6246","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4257-6246"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James B. Papizan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101986043","display_name":"Xiaoming Zhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2045-5259","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2045-5259"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoming Zhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2045-5259","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069253305","display_name":"Richard A. Schneider","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2626-3111","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2626-3111"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard A Schneider","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2626-3111","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053245378","display_name":"Anna L. Keyte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3322-2852","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3322-2852"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Anna L. Keyte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3322-2852","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053245378"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10725","display_name":"RNA Interference and Gene Delivery","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10725","display_name":"RNA Interference and Gene Delivery","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10878","display_name":"CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12929","display_name":"Animal Genetics and Reproduction","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-nanoparticle-delivery","display_name":"lipid nanoparticle delivery","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avian-embryo","display_name":"avian embryo","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chick-embryo","display_name":"chick embryo","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crispr-cas9","display_name":"CRISPR/Cas9","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piggybac-transposon","display_name":"piggyBac transposon","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cranial-neural-crest-cells","display_name":"cranial neural crest cells","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/runx2","display_name":"Runx2","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/somatic-genome-editing","display_name":"somatic genome editing","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domestic-pigeon","display_name":"domestic pigeon","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pekin-ducks","display_name":"Pekin ducks","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfection","display_name":"transfection","score":0.3400000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7207000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186852380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142521","display_name":"Electroporation","level":3,"score":0.6593999862670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135983454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2790163","display_name":"Gene delivery","level":4,"score":0.5103999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.5041000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54009773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429031","display_name":"Transfection","level":3,"score":0.46050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161733203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911828","display_name":"Reporter gene","level":4,"score":0.45879998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196843134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33196","display_name":"Embryo","level":2,"score":0.4424999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.43950000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73247094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2790163","display_name":"Transgenesis","level":5,"score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778765379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17055931","display_name":"In ovo","level":3,"score":0.42149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144501496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5533489","display_name":"Genome editing","level":4,"score":0.41929998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.4165000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145103041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151519","display_name":"Embryonic stem cell","level":3,"score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32470452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2298489","display_name":"Viral vector","level":4,"score":0.3736000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3675000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780104201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130888","display_name":"Drosophila melanogaster","level":3,"score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111829913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211083","display_name":"Gene targeting","level":3,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183074962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213713","display_name":"Developmental biology","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22744801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172778","display_name":"Plasmid","level":3,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4918238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121438","display_name":"Transposable element","level":4,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84356384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7833575","display_name":"Trans-activating crRNA","level":5,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136571751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424607","display_name":"Morpholino","level":4,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165864922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411391","display_name":"Regulation of gene expression","level":3,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132455925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16965677","display_name":"Cas9","level":4,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66518211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247512","display_name":"Primitive streak","level":5,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994278967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7314318","display_name":"Reproductive technology","level":4,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.13.753869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.753869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.753869","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/19/2026.10.13.753869.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.10.13.753869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.753869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.13.753869","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/10/19/2026.10.13.753869.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222980237.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222980237.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1133214510","https://openalex.org/W1561140143","https://openalex.org/W1989920829","https://openalex.org/W1990047950","https://openalex.org/W2026616100","https://openalex.org/W2180277942","https://openalex.org/W2788997515","https://openalex.org/W3177445623","https://openalex.org/W3188940990","https://openalex.org/W4402249988","https://openalex.org/W4408198525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160053115","https://openalex.org/W7114908792","https://openalex.org/W93068502","https://openalex.org/W7155082375","https://openalex.org/W7096937103","https://openalex.org/W4200077545","https://openalex.org/W2750257129","https://openalex.org/W7144389600","https://openalex.org/W4306253544","https://openalex.org/W2903392528"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Birds":[1],"are":[2],"a":[3,81,125,202,264],"longstanding":[4],"developmental":[5],"biology":[6],"model":[7],"because":[8],"easy":[9],"access":[10],"to":[11,29,39,110,123],"their":[12,198,215],"fertilized":[13],"eggs":[14],"allows":[15],"for":[16,84,191,224,268],"direct":[17],"observation":[18],"and":[19,46,63,118,121,127,137,155,205,248,272],"experimental":[20],"manipulation":[21],"during":[22],"any":[23],"stage":[24],"of":[25,50,66,134,158,167,207,214,221,228],"embryonic":[26,58],"growth":[27],"prior":[28],"hatching.":[30],"However,":[31],"functional":[32,226],"genetics":[33],"studies":[34],"in":[35,43,88,177,197,231,241],"avian":[36,89],"embryos":[37,90],"continue":[38],"rely":[40],"primarily":[41],"on":[42,210],"ovo":[44],"electroporation":[45],"viral":[47],"transduction,":[48],"each":[49],"which":[51,107,188],"is":[52,189],"limited":[53],"by":[54],"variable":[55],"efficiency,":[56],"procedure-induced":[57],"defects,":[59],"substantial":[60],"embryo":[61,97],"mortality,":[62],"ineffective":[64],"delivery":[65,79,133,144,166,266],"gene":[67,86,229],"editing":[68,176],"reagents":[69],"such":[70],"as":[71,80,263],"CRISPR/Cas9.":[72],"Here":[73],"we":[74,102,179],"establish":[75],"lipid":[76],"nanoparticle":[77],"(LNP)-mediated":[78],"reproducible":[82],"alternative":[83],"manipulating":[85],"expression":[87,154],"with":[91,194],"high":[92],"viability.":[93],"Using":[94],"the":[95,111,147,211,219],"chicken":[96],"(":[98,185,244,251],"Gallus":[99],"gallus":[100],"),":[101],"targeted":[103,180,212],"migrating":[104],"cranial":[105,159,199],"NCCs,":[106],"contribute":[108],"extensively":[109],"craniofacial":[112,208,216],"skeleton.":[113],"We":[114,140,233],"optimized":[115],"LNP":[116,143],"formulation":[117],"injection":[119],"timing":[120],"frequency":[122],"build":[124],"robust":[126],"adaptable":[128],"pipeline":[129],"that":[130,142,236],"offers":[131],"efficient":[132,173],"plasmid":[135],"DNA":[136],"RNA":[138],"cargos.":[139],"show":[141,201,235],"can":[145,171,238,258],"support":[146],"piggyBac":[148],"transposon":[149],"system,":[150],"enabling":[151],"persistent":[152],"reporter":[153],"long-term":[156],"labeling":[157],"NCC":[160],"derivatives.":[161],"To":[162],"test":[163],"if":[164],"LNP-mediated":[165],"RNA-based":[168],"CRISPR/Cas9":[169],"components":[170],"achieve":[172],"somatic":[174],"genome":[175],"ovo,":[178],"Runt-related":[181],"transcription":[182],"factor":[183],"2":[184],"RUNX2)":[186],",":[187],"required":[190],"osteogenesis.":[192],"Embryos":[193],"RUNX2":[195],"edits":[196],"NCCs":[200],"severe":[203],"loss":[204],"disruption":[206],"ossification":[209],"side":[213],"skeletons,":[217],"demonstrating":[218],"potential":[220],"this":[222,256],"approach":[223],"rapid":[225],"interrogation":[227],"function":[230],"vivo.":[232],"also":[234],"LNPs":[237],"mediate":[239],"transfection":[240],"domestic":[242],"pigeon":[243],"Columba":[245],"livia":[246],")":[247],"Pekin":[249],"duck":[250],"Anas":[252],"platyrhynchos)":[253],"embryos,":[254],"indicating":[255],"method":[257],"be":[259],"deployed":[260],"across":[261],"avians":[262],"vector":[265],"platform":[267],"studying":[269],"development,":[270],"disease,":[271],"evolution.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-10-20T00:00:00"}