{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7222974229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","title":"Pre-arrival OCC decision support for aircraft turnaround coordination: a human-in-the-loop architecture and scenario-based evaluation","display_name":"Pre-arrival OCC decision support for aircraft turnaround coordination: a human-in-the-loop architecture and scenario-based evaluation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7222974229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42973895","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13724608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124272700","display_name":"Parth Yogeshbhai Purohit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1547-8992","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1547-8992"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Parth Yogeshbhai Purohit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Flugf\u00fchrung, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Flugf\u00fchrung, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085065150","display_name":"Thomas Feuerle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-5469","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-5469"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Feuerle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Flugf\u00fchrung, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Flugf\u00fchrung, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083188892","display_name":"Peter Hecker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8807-6856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8807-6856"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Hecker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Flugf\u00fchrung, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Flugf\u00fchrung, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5124272700"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73720765,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"1977034","last_page":"1977034"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11773","display_name":"Healthcare Operations and Scheduling Optimization","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-control-center","display_name":"operations control center","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support","display_name":"decision support","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-in-the-loop","display_name":"human-in-the-loop","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alert-levels","display_name":"alert levels","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airline-operations","display_name":"airline operations","score":0.46299999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.743399977684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176553487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7855819","display_name":"Turnaround time","level":2,"score":0.6741999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6191999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5842999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.44670000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.36239999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777615720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11888847","display_name":"Prioritization","level":2,"score":0.3346000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81293917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4189534","display_name":"System deployment","level":3,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13724608","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13724608/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13724608/pdf/frai-09-1977034.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Artif Intell","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42973895","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42973895","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1eb5851b2f4644dbbfbcc5fd5a5bd528","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1eb5851b2f4644dbbfbcc5fd5a5bd528","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, Vol 9 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2026.1977034/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197006","display_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"2624-8212","issn":["2624-8212"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1797975518","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"LuFoVI-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000670881","display_name":"Entwicklung eines digitalen Informationssystems zur Verbesserung der Flughafen-Bodenprozesse w\u00e4hrend der Luftfahrzeugabfertigung","funder_award_id":"20D2128E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000718078","display_name":"On-Board Informations- und Empfehlungsger\u00e4t f\u00fcr das vernetzte Flugzeug der Zukunft","funder_award_id":"20D1931B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie","ror":"https://ror.org/02vgg2808"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222974229.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7222974229.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978970354","https://openalex.org/W2003646063","https://openalex.org/W2086423650","https://openalex.org/W2124153194","https://openalex.org/W2515886737","https://openalex.org/W2612475383","https://openalex.org/W2999655099","https://openalex.org/W3101444742","https://openalex.org/W3126186832","https://openalex.org/W3127015314","https://openalex.org/W3134895676","https://openalex.org/W3139496481","https://openalex.org/W3164243024","https://openalex.org/W3173119477","https://openalex.org/W3191140880","https://openalex.org/W3207624916","https://openalex.org/W4206066040","https://openalex.org/W4210860816","https://openalex.org/W4210950288","https://openalex.org/W4221125840","https://openalex.org/W4292289324","https://openalex.org/W4293230151","https://openalex.org/W4295185247","https://openalex.org/W4307290295","https://openalex.org/W4323557146","https://openalex.org/W4378715579","https://openalex.org/W4379365390","https://openalex.org/W4380893714","https://openalex.org/W4385420415","https://openalex.org/W4390014264","https://openalex.org/W4395662613","https://openalex.org/W4396798208","https://openalex.org/W4401246181","https://openalex.org/W4401931021","https://openalex.org/W4403685239","https://openalex.org/W4403839497","https://openalex.org/W4404445301","https://openalex.org/W4404698101","https://openalex.org/W4406753734","https://openalex.org/W4410322280"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2891742251","https://openalex.org/W3048721435","https://openalex.org/W3168228220","https://openalex.org/W7203738994","https://openalex.org/W3143476136","https://openalex.org/W2285224086","https://openalex.org/W767414251","https://openalex.org/W7024059033","https://openalex.org/W7099882658","https://openalex.org/W1917239012"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aircraft":[0],"turnaround":[1,39],"coordination":[2],"depends":[3],"on":[4],"maintenance,":[5],"catering,":[6],"passenger-assistance,":[7],"gate,":[8],"and":[9,57,72,112,115,117,136,218],"bottleneck":[10,52,154],"information":[11],"that":[12,63,142,163,226],"may":[13],"become":[14],"available":[15],"before":[16,192],"arrival":[17],"but":[18],"is":[19,78],"often":[20],"handled":[21],"through":[22],"fragmented":[23],"workflows.":[24],"This":[25],"paper":[26],"presents":[27],"a":[28,58,98,213],"human-in-the-loop":[29],"Operations":[30],"Control":[31],"Center":[32],"(OCC)":[33],"decision-support":[34,216],"architecture":[35,42,217],"for":[36],"pre-arrival":[37],"aircraft":[38],"coordination.":[40],"The":[41,76,120,210],"integrates":[43],"component-aware":[44],"maintenance":[45,144],"risk":[46],"indicators,":[47],"service-area":[48],"inventory":[49],"readiness,":[50],"process-class":[51],"forecasting,":[53],"passenger-assistance":[54],"readiness":[55,68,125,128,148,158,185],"logic,":[56],"transparent":[59],"rule-based":[60],"fusion":[61,165],"layer":[62,166],"converts":[64],"heterogeneous":[65],"signals":[66],"into":[67],"scores,":[69],"alert":[70],"levels,":[71],"operator-facing":[73],"action":[74],"queues.":[75],"evaluation":[77],"deliberately":[79],"framed":[80],"as":[81,200],"controlled":[82,171],"synthetic":[83,104],"scenario":[84,100,121],"analysis":[85],"rather":[86,207],"than":[87,208],"airline":[88,228],"deployment":[89],"validation.":[90],"Existing":[91],"module-level":[92],"holdout":[93],"results":[94],"are":[95,198,240],"combined":[96],"with":[97],"deterministic":[99],"sweep":[101,122],"of":[102,202],"1,000":[103],"inbound":[105],"cases":[106],"across":[107],"six":[108],"operational":[109,229,238],"regimes,":[110],"monotonicity":[111,176],"sanity":[113],"checks,":[114],"ablation":[116],"baseline":[118],"comparisons.":[119],"produced":[123],"mean":[124,147,157],"47.4,":[126],"median":[127],"50.6,":[129],"370":[130],"Critical":[131],"cases,":[132,135],"284":[133],"Priority":[134],"188":[137],"Routine":[138],"cases.":[139],"Ablations":[140],"show":[141],"removing":[143,153],"influence":[145,155],"increased":[146,156],"by":[149,159],"13.7":[150],"points,":[151,161],"while":[152,221],"10.0":[160],"indicating":[162],"the":[164,203,224],"materially":[167],"changes":[168],"prioritization":[169],"under":[170],"stress":[172],"conditions.":[173],"Two":[174],"maintenance-related":[175],"checks":[177],"did":[178],"not":[179],"strictly":[180],"pass":[181],"because":[182],"small":[183],"local":[184],"increases":[186],"occurred":[187],"at":[188],"low":[189],"malfunction":[190],"levels":[191],"urgency":[193],"thresholds":[194],"changed;":[195],"these":[196],"failures":[197],"treated":[199],"limitations":[201,225],"current":[204],"model-fusion":[205],"interaction":[206],"hidden.":[209],"work":[211],"contributes":[212],"reproducible":[214],"OCC":[215,231],"scenario-evaluation":[219],"package,":[220],"explicitly":[222],"preserving":[223],"no":[227],"data,":[230],"user":[232],"study,":[233],"deployment,":[234],"certification,":[235],"or":[236],"measured":[237],"savings":[239],"claimed.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-10-20T00:00:00"}